Effective architectural strategies to reduce fire vulnerability in high-rise residential buildings

The development of residential complexes and the increase in the height of buildings and the increase in the cost of energy carriers and the need to save energy have caused the introduction of new and dangerous ideas and technologies along with flammable materials and increase the fire load in the building. Deliberate and indeliberately fires recent years, It shows the shortcomings of the measures foreseen in the design of these complexes in providing the security of the residents and protecting their property and business. This research intends to provide reliable solutions to reduce the vulnerability in the above challenge by using the principles and criteria of architecture and with the help of experts' opinions. The research method in this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods which was done by Delphi method. The results were analyzed in SPSS 26 software and with the help of KMO and Bartlett test, the adequacy of the sample size has been confirmed. With the help of Q factor analysis, the results have been extracted and the most influential factors on reducing vulnerability to fire in high-rise residential buildings have been determined. Based on the results of the research, the factors influencing the reduction of the building's vulnerability to fire are: Accessibility, drainability, materials, separation of the building, form, space, elements and elements that spread fire and smoke, form, space, elements and elements that block and divert fire, smoke and toxic gases.