The Religious Obstacles of Custody in the Jurisprudence of Ahl al-Bayt and the Hanafiyyah and Malikiyyah Schools and Its Effects on Raising Children

Child custody is among the most important issues that has been dealt with in the jurisprudential literature but child custody has ideological hindrances as well which have been given little attention.  Custody is guardianship over a child and an insane person for their upbringing and what is relevant to their interest and preservation. Every person is not qualified to take custody. In general, some obstacles to custody include lack of capacity, ideological deviations, behavioral and moral deviations, physical illness and lack of economic power. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the religious barriers of custody that are related to the formation of children's religious beliefs.The approach of this article is to examine the obstacles to custody caused by the custodian’s ideological deviation, i.e. disbelief and apostasy. The research has been conducted in a descriptive and analytical way, which is done by referring to the views and opinions of the jurists of the Ahl al-Bayt School of Jurisprudence and those of the Hanafi and Maliki sects. According to the results of this research, those in charge of education in the Islamic society must fulfill their serious responsibility in this field and the custody of the child should not be entrusted to the hands of infidels or apostates, because the evil effects of these two ideological deviations will constantly remain in the child. It causes a deviation in the formation of the child's belief, emotional and behavioral system and ultimately the individual's misery, which also has social consequences.