Passive defense policies in smart urban management Case Study: Tehran

The current research has found a semantic nature with the three concepts of urban management, smart city, and passive defense requirements, whose main goal was to present the requirements, elements, and components of passive defense in a smart city. A model whose role and form were found in the framework of urban governance approaches, such as the integrated management model, New approaches to urban management concepts such as participation, accountability, transparency, justice, local communities, distribution of power and authority, all-round urban sustainability, the presence of institutions in the decision-making system and urban decision-making, development of local institutions, institutional capacity building, convergence of institutions, social capital, synergy of institutions, suitable legal system, citizenship rights, etc. are its main keywords, and according to the mentioned concepts, it systematizes the urban management system. The current studies show that the principles of urban management are not compatible with the requirements of passive defense. The results show that Tehran is in an unfavorable condition in terms of intelligence, but in terms of comparing the components of smart city management, smart life is in the first place and smart governance is in the fifth place.