A Review on Steroid Hormones Removal from Aquatic Environments by Advanced Oxidation Process

Hormones are one of the most important groups of emerging pollutants that enter the environment through agricultural runoff, hospital effluents, and sewage, and removing these compounds from aquatic environments is very important. Advanced oxidation processes based on the production of free hydroxyl radicals are one of the most efficient methods for removing these compounds. The purpose of this research was to review the hormones removal methods for from aquatic environments by advanced oxidation processes.

By selecting the articles in the period of 2018-2023 and searching in the databases of Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science and Pubmed, about 648 articles were found. After screening, checking the full text of articles, removing duplicate articles and removing articles due to lack of sufficient information, finally 13 selected articles were reviewed.

According to the studies, the photocatalytic removal methods by g-C3N4/WO3 supported with silica as well as the combined process of ozone oxidation and ultrafiltration are effective technologies in removing steroid hormones. The use of combined methods, nanocomposite and different nanoparticles etc. for this process can increase the removal efficiency.

The use of Advanced oxidation processes in the purification processes of water and wastewater contaminated with hormones due to high efficiency, cost-effectiveness, no secondary pollution, etc. can be used in the purification processes in the future.