Using of GIScience in the protection of ecosystems with an emphasis on the Rehabilitation and balancing of groundwater resources (Case study: Arak Plain)

Geographical information science (GIScience) by possessing location-based technologies such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS), has contributed greatly to various studies in earth sciences, including the protection of ecosystems. In the present study, the application of this science was discussed in the 15 projects of the rehabilitation and balancing of groundwater resources in Iran (case study: Arak Plain), whose purpose is to protect ecosystems for the health of the environment. The projects of this plan are defined in three parts: 1- production and verification of data and information, 2- control, monitoring and exploitation, 3- water storage in aquifers. In each section, while introducing the project and related sub-projects, the application of GIScience was specified. Also, general and thematic layers as well as decision-making models were introduced in some of these projects. In a general summary, it can be pointed out that most of the rehabilitation and balancing projects are location-oriented in the protection of ecosystems and data management from collection to display steps requires geographic technologies that GIScience can well manage these projects for the health of the environment of humans, plants and other animals in order to provide the required water.