Enhancing Reliability in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Multipath Routing Protocols

With the increasing application of the Internet of Things, the use of wireless sensor networks for monitoring and control has expanded. One of the most critical topics in data transmission within these networks is developing solutions for selecting the best possible path for data transmission to minimize energy consumption and maximize network lifespan. However, significant challenges remain in data transmission. This study aims to enhance reliability in wireless sensor networks using multipath routing protocols. Initially, the multipath routing protocol LOMDD was designed based on the Directed Diffusion protocol. The TPP filter was selected for the LOMDD multipath routing protocol design, and the necessary implementations were carried out using the NS2 simulator. Subsequently, a solution for estimating reliability using an Ordered Binary Decision Diagram (OBDD) was proposed. Finally, an adaptive multipath protocol for ensuring reliability, AMPRS, based on LOMDD, was introduced. Simulation results indicate that AMPRS adapts exceptionally well to network conditions and effectively adjusts reliability for the network compared to static protocols, reduces computational overhead and energy consumption, and determines the optimal number of paths for resources. The performance of the AMPRS protocol, with an expected reliability of 90%, demonstrates a more reliable protocol compared to other studies.