Physical Biorhythm Cycle and Its Effect on the Development of Passing and Stopping Skills in Football

Football is one of the most popular team sports worldwide that requires the development of various skills including passing, stopping, and shooting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the body's biorhythm cycle on the development of passing and stopping skills in football. In this experimental study, 20 adolescent players of Esteghlal Nowshahr football team were randomly divided into two groups of 10. The experimental group trained according to a program tailored to their biorhythm cycle, while the control group trained without considering biorhythms. To determine the validity of the tests in this study, the face validity method was used and to determine the reliability of the tests, the retest method was used. In this study, statistical techniques (percentage, mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Pearson correlation coefficient, paired sample T-test, independent sample T-test) were used by IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software to analyze the data and evaluate the research hypotheses. The results showed that paying attention to the biorhythm cycle led to a significant improvement in passing and stopping skills in the experimental group. Therefore, it is recommended that football training programs be tailored according to the body's natural cycles.