Analysis and Simulation of Dynamic Behavior of Load Frequency Control for a Thermal–Hydro Power System with Photovoltaic System

Stability and reliability have become very important due to the integration of renewable energy sources and the dynamic nature of load demand in power systems. Frequency stability is an important indicator of power quality in electrical power systems. Load frequency control by maintaining the system frequency at the nominal value plays an important role in the efficient operation and ensuring the stability of the power system. Any sudden disturbance in the load can cause changes in the power exchange in the transmission line between regions, and create frequency fluctuations in the power system. The purpose of this research is to analyze and simulate the dynamic behavior of load frequency control in a single-zone power system consisting of two energy sources: a thermal turbine equipped with a preheater and a hydro turbine equipped with a transient drop compensator. The effect of the photovoltaic system on frequency deviation changes in the power system has also been investigated. The first-order equations of the power system are expressed in state space and the modes of the system have been determined. The simulation results using Simulink/MATLAB software and model analysis using eigenvalue analysis of the system matrix show the dynamic behavior of the power system for changes in the consumed load.