Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Network Reconfiguration and Optimal Capacitor Allocation

The efficient operation of electrical distribution systems is critical in modern industry, as it directly impacts the reliability, stability, and cost-effectiveness of delivering electricity to consumers. Capacitors are included in radial distribution systems to improve voltage profile and minimize losses by providing reactive power. Consequently, losses are reduced as the reactive power flow component is compensated. Furthermore, re-configuration of the distribution network, which involves altering the open/closed status of switches, is a vital approach that affects the steady flow of electricity through the network. Network reconfiguration and optimal capacitor placement are essential techniques for enhancing the performance of the distribution networks. This study utilizes the Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) to solve the problems of network reconfiguration and optimal capacitor placement. The primary objective is to minimize power losses while ensuring that the voltage profile and reliability of the distribution system satisfy industry-level standards. The proposed method was tested on the IEEE 33 bus network. Five different scenarios were considered. The simulations were conducted in MATLAB software. The acquired improvements in the power loss reduction and voltage profile corroborate the effectiveness of this novel approach. Compared to previously explored methods, the results of the proposed scheme for solving optimal capacitor placement and network reconfiguration individually were found to be more effective in terms of reducing power loss (3.12% and 4.02%, respectively).