Association of Gestational BMI Change with Depression During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period

High Body Mass Index (BMI) represents a significant global health challenge. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gestational weight gain and depression during pregnancy and the postpartum period. Conducted as a descriptive-analytical study, it involved 115 pregnant women attending Shahid Akbar Abadi Hospital in Tehran. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, both before during pregnancy, and the postpartum period. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, Pearson correlation, linear regression, and multivariate regression tests. A correlation was identified between changes in body mass index during pregnancy and maternal depression levels. The results of the logistic regression analysis indicated a significant association between increased body mass index during pregnancy and the likelihood of developing mental health disorders. These findings underscore the changes in body mass index during pregnancy, particularly in the third trimester, are associated with an elevated risk of maternal depression. Targeted interventions focusing on weight management and body image improvement may play a critical role in mitigating the risk of developing mental disorders.