مجله پرستاری گروه های آسیب پذیر
پیاپی 2 (بهار 1394)

Type2 diabetes is the most common metabolic disease that its prevalence in developing countries has reached alarming rate. Having enough knowledge of risk factors and complications of diabetes would be effective in its preventing and treatment. Since risk factors and complications of type2 diabetes in various regions according to environmental situations and health behaviors are different.
This study was conducted to determine risk factors and complication of type2 diabetes in patients of Ghasreshirin diabetes center.
Method In a descriptive- analytical study, the records of 286 diabetic patients by census were studied the tool was a checklist produced according to the information in the records. Data was analyzed by SPSSv.16 and descriptive (frequency percent, Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (chi square, independent t, Mann Whitney U and kruskal Wallis tests).
In this study, the most common risk factors were obesity (%76.9), hyperlipidemia (%53.5) and a history of diabetes in first-degree relatives (%44.8). The most common complications of diabetes were neuropathy (%66.4), cardiovascular disorders (%43.4), and visual impairment (% 37). There was a significant relationship between hyperlipidemia and neuropathy and cardiovascular disorders, as well as between diabetes duration and retinopathy and neuropathy (p The results indicate the high prevalence of risk factors as well as physical complications in patients suffering from diabetes. Therefore, using educational programs for reducing the prevalence of type2 diabetes and related complications are recommended. Keywords: diabetes, risk factors, diabetes complication

Depression and death anxiety are common problems in patients with cancer that can affect mental health of these patients. On the other hand, spiritual wellbeing recently has been considered by researchers as a factor that has influence on other aspects of health.
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual wellbeing and depression or death anxiety in cancer patients (2015).
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 200 cancer patients who referred to medical centers of Bushehr, were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using valid and reliable questionnaires, Paloutzian Ellison spiritual Wellbeing, Beck depression and Templer death anxiety. Data were analyzed using SPSSv.18, descriptive statistical methods (frequency, mean, standard deviation) and analytic methods (Pearson correlation coefficient and Manwhitney).
The results showed no significant relationship between total score of spiritual wellbeing or its religious dimension and depression, while there was a significant relationship between mean score of existential dimension of spiritual wellbeing with depression (r=0.160, p=0.024). Results showed that there was a significant negative relationship between spiritual wellbeing and the death anxiety (r=-0.229, p Findings indicated that by increasing spiritual wellbeing, death anxiety reduced in patient with cancer. It seems that a comprehensive care program encompasses spiritual wellbeing, is more effective in reducing psychological problems in these patients. Keywords: spiritual wellbeing, depression, death anxiety, cancer

Pregnancy is one of the most important periods of women's life Therefore, how to deal with the phenomenon of pregnancy and its compatibility is very important.
This study aims at investigating the phenomenon of unwanted pregnancy and demographic variables associated with it in the Rasht.
This analytical cross- sectional study was conducted on 270 pregnant women who went to Rasol-e- akram and Alzahra hospitals in Rasht. Samples were selected randomly and were examined during three months (April to June 1392). Data were collected based on valid and reliable questionnaire and then they were analyzed by SPSS 20 software using descriptive and analytical statistics such as fisher exact test, t-tests and chi square test.
In this study, the prevalence of unwanted pregnancy was 49.3%, among which 7.8 % of them were unwanted from the view point of women, 6.7 % from husband and 34/8 % from both. 41.4 % of unwanted pregnancy, was related to improper usage of contraceptive methods. In 67/4 % of cases, parents were not satisfied with the sex of the newly-born child. There was a significant relationship between unwanted pregnancy and research variables (parent's education, income, jobs, dwelling place, the number of pregnancy, and duration of marriage).
The findings of the study show high prevalence of unwanted pregnancy in these women. Women with unwanted pregnancy are facing emotional and psychological problems so, the health care providers should advocate the couple to overcome this critical period. Keywords: unwanted pregnancy, demographic factor, unwanted neonate

Due to the advantages and the increasing usage of medicinal plants around the world and Iran and lack of necessary studies in this field to treat diseases in children, the need for greater public awareness is required.
This study aimed to investigate the attitudes and practical approach of mothers in regard to medicinal plants in the treatment of children's diseases in 2014.
In This descriptive - analytic study, 384 mothers through a multi-stage stratified random sampling were selected. The tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were considered. After collecting the data, they were analyzed by using the software SPSS 18, chi-square and Mann-Whitney's and Kruskal-Wallis's analytical tests.
The results showed that, 24.7 percent of samples had low, 45.6 percent moderate, and 29.7 percent had high attitude . Statistics showed that 23.7 percent had low, 47.1 percent moderate, and 29.2 percent had high performance. The attitude had a positive and meaningful statistical relationship with performance, being native or non-native, and mother's level of education. Significant statistical difference was seen between performance and the different levels of education. (P The results show that most of the mothers have middle level of attitude and performance approach towards using medicinal plants in Pediatrics disease. Therefore, It is necessary to plan to improve mothers’ knowledge and attitude regarding the usage of medicinal plants in pediatrics diseases. Keywords: Attitude, Performance, mothers, medicinal plants, children

Nowadays, it is clear that being affected to diseases leads to change in life style of affected people. According to the increasing numbers of affected patients to renal failure and the effect of this disease on many aspect of people’s life, understanding the life style of affected people can help to improve patient's health and lifestyle improvement step.
This study was done to define the life style of the patients confined to bed in Shiraz MRI hospital in 2013.
Present study is a Cross-sectional one. The universe includes 66 patients who were confined to bed in Shiraz MRI hospital suffered from renal chronic insufficiency they were selected by available sampling method .To gatheving data a researcher-made questionnaire with determination of validity and reliability (Cronbach,s alpha coefficient) was used. The questionnaire devide into three parts namely demographic data, disease data and life style related to nutritional behaviour fields. To analyze the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used.
Resuls: Of 66 patients 68.18 percent were male with mean age 59 ± 15.2 , 92.42 percent were married 31.82 percent were retired and 45.45 percent had educated to guidance or high schools level. The BUN and Cr serumal means were 53.62 ± 17.09 and 2.84 ± 6.14, respectively.Their height, weight and body mass index means were 168.39 ± 9.87 , 66.45 ± 14.14 and 23.36 ± 4.0 , respectively. 66.67 percent of the patients suffered from renal chronic insufficiency grade 5 and the glomeruli filtration rate was 16.27 ± 11.67. Feeding patterns in the consumption of vegetables, fruit, meat, liquids, salt, fat and fried food are inversely related to disease severity and white meat consumption (p0.05)
The results showed severity of the disease was associated with life style linked to nutritional behavior in chronic renal failure patients, as the disease progresses, patients may be restrict on nutritional bihaviours. Therfor attention and care is essential in the patients for modifying and maintaining a balanced lifestyle because limitations of the disease can cause problems in the patient,s lifestyle. Keywords: Life style, nutritional behaviour, renal chronic insufficiency.