فهرست مطالب
Journal of Client-Centered Nursing Care
Volume:2 Issue: 2, Spring 2016
- تاریخ انتشار: 1395/02/15
- تعداد عناوین: 7
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Pages 73-82BackgroundHuman resources, especially medical staff is one of the main components of health care system and organizational development. The purpose of this study was to estimate the required nurses for hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences based on the models of the World Health Organization and Levine.MethodsThis study was cross-sectional and descriptive. Seven hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected as research sample. After collecting data of the number and distribution of the nurses, the data were entered into Excel software. Then, according to the WHO and Levine formula, estimated numbers of hospital nurses were compared with the current situation.ResultsAccording to the models, the number of nurses in all hospitals was different with standard values. According to WHO model, the correlation was negative and most hospitals but Amir Alam, Baharloo, and Farabi hospitals had insufficient number of nurses. Also, according to Levine model, all hospitals except Bahrami and Amir Alam hospitals had insufficient number of nurses.ConclusionAccording to the World Health Organization and Levine model, the number of nurses in the studied hospitals was inadequate. This imbalance requires proper planning and standards to rectify the shortage of manpower, especially nurses in studied hospitals.Keywords: Estimate nursing staff, WHO model, Levine model
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Pages 83-88BackgroundThe birth of a preterm infant is a stressful experience for parents. The nurses support for the family of such newborns seems to be important and necessary. This study aimed to examine the social support received by the fathers as compared with the mothers of preterm infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).MethodsThis was a comparative, descriptive study. The study population included all parents of preterm infants hospitalized in the NICUs of 3 educational treatment centers affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the first 6 months of the year 2014. Study sample consisted of 130 couples selected through the convenient sampling method, and data collection tool was Tarkan et al. social support questionnaire. Then, the obtained data were analyzed using the Independent t test by SPSS version 20.ResultsThe results showed that the most social support with the mean(SD) score of 69.0(6.3) was received by the mothers, and 57.0(2.3) for fathers was emotional support and the least level of social support with the mean score of 80.0(3.3) for the mothers and 65.0(16.3) for fathers was tangible support, and mothers with mean score 65.0(52.3) as compared with fathers 56.0(21.3), received more support in all 3 aspects of social support, i.e. affirmative, tangible, and emotional.ConclusionOur findings indicate that parents are desirous of more social support, especially with regard to the tangible support. Therefore, planning is required for promotion and creation of opportunities for the nurses to provide more supports to parents at NICUs, especially to fathers who usually receive less support. It is recommended that nurses improve their effective and mutual communication and interaction with parents.Keywords: Social support, Parents, Preterm infants
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Adolescent Obesity Prevalence and Its Related Factors Among High School Students of Karaj City, IranPages 89-96BackgroundIn recent decades, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents have increased in Iran and other countries. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors among high school students of Karaj City, Iran.MethodsA total of 700 students in different age groups were selected by random sampling method. The study samples were divided into 2 groups of case and control and their characteristics were compared. The data were collected by nutritional frequencies and remembrance of 24 hours of nutrition questionnaires. Finally, the obtained information (BMI and its percentile) was statistically analyzed with respect to samples nutritional pattern and physical activities.ResultsThe prevalence of obesity and overweight in teenagers were 13.5% and 17.4%, respectively. The obesity rate in boys was higher than that in girls. The amount of daily fat, carbohydrate, protein, and calorie intake (2700 kcal) was higher in obese students compared to normal ones. Significant differences were observed between two groups in terms of fat, protein, carbohydrate intake, and calorie consumption as well as physical activity.ConclusionThe obesity prevalence in Karaj students is high and the intake of carbohydrate, fat, and calorie should be adjusted with regard to different age groups. The relevant education should be started in school and families, by considering the importance of diet reform in lowering the rate of obesity and overweight.Keywords: Nutritional status, Adolescents, Obesity
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Pages 97-102BackgroundViral hepatitis is one the main infections that health staff are faced with and nurses are at greater risk of the contracting this disease because of their exposure to patients. The current study was conducted to determine the hepatitis B vaccination coverage and its associated factors in nurses of Imam Reza (AS) Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran.MethodsIn this descriptive-analytic study, 258 nurses working in Imam Reza (AS) Hospital of Kermanshah were studied based on census records in 2012. Instrument for the data collection was a researcher-made questionnaire, which its validity and reliability were approved. Collected data were analyzed by the Chi-square and ANOVA tests using SPSS 16.ResultsOut of 258 nursing staff, 85.2% had completed vaccination, 3.9% had it once, and 10.9% had received two shots of vaccine. Among the most important barriers to vaccination mentioned by the participants were forgetting (57.2%), negligence (39.5%), and high workload (36.8%).ConclusionGiven the relatively high coverage of vaccination in this study, to maintain the efficiency of nurses as well as reducing the cost of difficult treatment of hepatitis B, necessary facilities and education about the disease and its complications should be provided by the authorities for the full vaccination coverage at very low cost.Keywords: Vaccination, Hepatitis B, Nurses, Iran
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Pages 103-113BackgroundThe 21st century is faced with increase in challenges of urban population and aging. According to statistics, the old population in the world and in Iran is increasing. Obviously, their health promotion is the concern of the community and achieving it requires purposeful planning. Being healthy means to feel good in social, mental, and physical dimensions (definition by the World Health Organization). Recently special attention has been paid to the health and quality of life of old people. In this regard, the concept of age-friendly city with its 8 components has been raised. This study aimed to evaluate age-friendly city from the perspective of the old people with the emphasis on the component of supports of the community and healthcare services.MethodsThis study was a cross-sectional study. A total of 400 old people who had the study inclusion criteria have been selected among referrals to 4 healthcare centers in Tehran, by stratified sampling and proportional allocation method. Study Instruments were short cognitive test, demographic characteristics, and checklist of evaluating age-friendly city. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics by SPSS 20. The significance level was set at less than 0.05(PResultsIn this study, 53% of the samples were women and 47% were men. The majority of subjects (56.8%) were in the age group of 60 to 70 years and most of them (59.9%) had under-diploma degree. Generally, the mean scores of the component of supports of the community and healthcare services was 82.26, which was less than the median score of the component. Housewives compared to the retired (reference group) has made the old peoples attitudes score towards the component of neighborhood supports and healthcare services to increase to 0.26 and the mean time spending outdoors (1 to 3 h) compared to the reference group (less than 1 h) has made the old peoples attitudes score towards the same component to reduce to -0.13.ConclusionIn line with the holistic nursing care, paying attention to the social dimension of the old people health, also considering the low mean score of the studied components, the need for culturalwell-being planning is felt. This planning must be based on old peoples attitudes and in line with strengthening the components of age-friendly city. It also requires coordination among the health authorities, urban authorities, representatives of the old people (including associations and retirement centers, etc.) and experts in Gerontology.Keywords: Age, friendly city, Agedfriendly community, Aged
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Pages 115-122BackgroundAnxiety is the most prevalent psychological side effect of breast cancer and chemotherapy. This study aimed to determine the effect of slow stroke back massage (SSBM) on the anxiety of old female patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 80 elderly women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy were enrolled by continuous sampling method. They were divided into two groups of experiment and control. The experiment group received three 15-min sessions of SSBM for 3 consecutive days. The data collection instrument was geriatric anxiety scale, which was used to measure the anxiety of the subjects. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with 95% of confidence level in SPSS V.21.ResultsThere was no significant difference between two groups in terms of anxiety and they were quite homogeneous before the intervention (P=0.220). The average score of anxiety level reduced significantly from 40.97 before intervention to 30.47 after the intervention in the experiment group compared to the control group and the results were significant (PConclusionBecause of the significant reduction of anxiety in the experiment group by using SSBM, this method can be recommended as an easy, accessible, and affordable method to apply on elderly women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Also, it is recommended that SSBM be used by nurses working with this group of women.Keywords: Elderly, Breast cancer, Chemotherapy, Massage therapy
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Pages 123-130Background And ObjectiveThe number of patients with colostomy is increasing every day. Caring of patients with colostomy after operation should be based on different aspects of their quality of life (QoL). This study was conducted to determine the effect of telephone counseling (telenursing) by nurses on the QoL of patients with permanent colostomy.MethodsThis study was a randomized clinical trial with the control group. It was conducted on the patients of Iranian Ostomy Society, Tehran, Iran. At first, a total of 70 patients with permanent colostomy were selected by convenience sampling method and then allocated randomly in experimental group (with phone consultation) and control group. Patients in both groups followed training sessions as usual and participated in it. Data collection tool was City of Hope quality of life [COH-QOL]-Ostomy questionnaire. QoL was measured at the beginning of the intervention and then 16 weeks later. Statistical data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, paired t test, independent t test, and analysis of covariance. Data analysis was performed by SPSS version 22.ResultsAfter telephone counseling, significant differences were observed between the two groups with regard to physical (P= 0.007), mental-psychological (P˂ 0.001), and social (P˂ 0.001) aspects of patients QoL. Regarding the spiritual aspect of QoL, no significant difference was found between two groups (P= 0.111) after telephone counseling. All in all and compared with the control group, telephone counseling was significantly effective on the patients QoL (P˂ 0.001).ConclusionBecause of telephone counseling was effective on physical, mental, and social aspects of patients QoL, the results of this study can be used to improve the QoL and the health of patients with colostomy. In this regard, nurses as the main members of the health staff can use telephone counseling program.Keywords: Colostomy, Telephone counseling, Quality of life