مجله راهور
پیاپی 22 (پاییز 1396)

The field and purpose:

In this research, two critical issues of crisis management and road network in the strategic layer have been investigated by recognizing the criteria that have been emphasized in urban planning. Specifically, with the development of traffic-police designs and taking into account the requirements for coping with crises, it could be a good framework for establishing compatibility between traffic strategies and measures to reduce the effects of natural and man-made disasters. The purpose of this study is to simulate traffic nodes against possible earthquakes and to secure traffic on the road network in times of earthquake accidents.

This research is in terms of practical and in method of descriptiveanalytic. Data used were documentary, field and library and internet

were used for collecting and collecting information that the information on the research indicators was obtained through questionnaire with the advice of expert experts and municipality experts, crisis management and traffic police and evaluated and analyzed with the methods mentioned in the discussion.

At the analytical stage, at first the data of all indicators were descriptively analyzed through a questionnaire and extracted values based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Expert selection methods by weighting the relevant indexes. Then using the GIS software, the  vulnerability map of the area of Tehran region 21 FUZZY logic is presented.

The results of the study show that in the earthquake with the intensity of 7 mercilial, the most traffic nodes are in the range of very high, high, moderate, low and very low in area 3, region 2 and region 1 of the municipality respectively. In the end, the result was that in the event of an
earthquake with a 7-Mercantile earthquake in North Chitgar, Esteghlal, Villashahr and Werdavar have the highest traffic nodes in the very high range, which indicate a high degree of vulnerability to physical and traffic factors. The result is that the road network of Tehran 21 area in terms of crisis management requires a strategic plan and systematic solutions and is in the first priority of planning.

The field and purpose:

The identification of the impact of various means of travel in the event of severe accidents can lead to improved trends of long-term urban transport planning. the present research is reviewed to study the relationship between different vehicles in the event of severe urban  accidents. The purpose of this research is to estimate severe accidents at the level of urban traffic areas in order to use it in trend of transport planning that have been neglected in previous studies. For this purpose, for the first time, from the share of different vehicles travel has been used as independent research variables.

severe accidents data as well as separate travel data related to 2008 in Mashhad city is used for performing research. Also, in this study, two generalized linear modeling methods with logarithmic transformation and negative binomial distribution, and weighted geographic  regression were used.

According to the results obtained from the generalized linear model with logarithmic transformation and negative binomial distribution, respectively, bus services, school services, motorcycles and personal vehicles have the greatest impact on the event of urban severe accidents in Mashhad. Also according to results obtained from weighted geographic regression model, respectively, bus services, pedestrians and personal cars have the greatest impact on the event of sever accident in Mashhad city.furthermore, according to both methods used, The presence of more taxis in traffic areas has reduced the number of sever accidents in those areas. Therefore, due to the relationship between the sever accidents rates and the share of different vehicles travel, using the method presented in this research and applying management policies can reduce the severe accidents.

The field and purpose:

How to use and use intelligent tools to control and direct traffic to reduce air and noise pollution, congestion, waste of time, increase in costs, abnormalities and accidents, is an important issue in the developing countries.One of these tools are variable message signs that display the message, just moment, guides the flow of traffic. The proper functioning of the system, depends on parameters such as locating of signs, color, font and how to display message . Correctly using any of the state has an important role in the performance of these signs. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the variable message boards, readability evaluation, size, color, number of lines and how to display messages in the above boards.

for this purpose, by designing questionnaires and appropriate questions (four options) and conducting in-person interviews with citizens who travel within the boundaries of the signs and those who are knowledgeable about the subject take action to collect information. In the continue, while analyzing responses collected data were entered into the SPSS software and analyzed by appropriate statistical tests.

Analysis of the obtained results of the questionnaires shows that despite the high need and the necessity of these boards, attention and redirection, because of messages, was moderate. Also culture also considered vital, and media was introduced as one of the best tools. Most people knew moderate, font readability and text message size and the best message’s color per day ,red and green, and the worst, orange was introduced. On the other hand red color at night and foggy condition, was determined. Display the message in two-line was inappropriate and most people preferred display message with image and were preferred.how to display a message in two phases . Suggestions: Therefore, it is necessary to plan and implement appropriate measures in the field of culture. Also, while not presenting the message in two
lines, the design of the images with the text is done and displayed in red and green.

Background and Purpose:

"Stress or psychological pressure," a word borrowed from physics, is nowadays used to refer to psychosomatic pressures. The aim of this study is an attempt to identify sources of stress among intracity bus drivers.

The research method in this study is descriptive of the field of surveying. For this purpose, in this research, a researcher-made questionnaire and the available sampling method was performed on 384 drivers to implement it. After completing the questionnaires, SPSS software was used for extracting and analyzing the data Findings and

The result showed that the most important sources of stress among bus drivers include: safety of the passengers, future condition of the family, safety of bikers, and wellbeing of the driver's family. Analysis indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between
"demographic features" (such as: age, marital status, education) and various types of "stressors" (like: educational status of drivers children, familial predicaments, being on time when reaching terminals, passengers satisfaction and the ambient temperature in the bus.) There was a significant negative relationship between some stressors like the issues related to marital condition of the drivers. Furthermore, there was also a significant negative relationship between "the interval of getting one's driving license" to "the predicaments related to the corporation," and "experience in bus driving" to "food" and "satisfying one's intake" and a significant positive relationship to "being worried about nourishment" and "thirst." Lastly, drivers reported that they were more concerned about some stressors after having [vehicle] accident in comparison to the drivers who did not. The findings of this study by identifying the most important stressors help those in charge of the affairs to overcome problems and obstacles in public transportation and promote its security.

The field and purpose:

Traffic accidents is one of major public health problem and is considered as main causes of death and injury in the world. in recent years, the effect of human factors in driving accidents has become increased. This paper conducted aimed to investigate the relationship between
personality traits and violation of traffic rules.

The statistical population included all drivers of Rasht city that 120 drivers selected randomly as a sample from drivers referring to Fajr basic 1 school of Rasht. The tool used for collecting data were Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (1990) and personality the five personality traits measurement questionnaire (NEO) (1989).

Stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the neuroticism (Beta=0.40), extraversion (Beta=0.16) and conscientiousness (Beta=0.18) are the most important the predictors of violation rules. Also findings showed that 45% of the variance of violation of traffic rules was explained by linear combination of neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness (R2=0.45).

Features such as anxiety, anxiety, obsession and actions too carefully explain the reasons for Predictability conscientiousness for the violation of traffic rules. Also compulsivity of individuals with neuroticism and increased irritability and competitiveness of individuals with  extraversion explain the reasons for Predictability of these two personality styles for violation of traffic rules.

The field and purpose:

The present study is "Assessing the Effective Factors on Traffic Management in the Metropolis of Isfahan". The type of research is practical – development.

the research method is documentary and survey that a questionnaire was used to collecting data and SPSS software was used to analyze the data and The "Topsis" and "Vicore" models have been used to rank the components and indicators that affect traffic management.

The findings of the research show that there is a relationship between the variables of the traffic culture-building factors and the increase in traffic literacy with a significant level (sig :0.000). And consequently, whatever traffic literacy will feel more and equally, citizens' participation in traffic management will increase as much as possible and conversely. whatever the amount of citizens' participation in traffic management will increase, Traffic will decrease as much as possible. Based on statistical analyzes performed, are located the culture-building factors and traffic education in the first priority, hardware upgrading and travel management in the second priority, observance of traffic rules and regulations in the third priority, and the development of public transportation in the fourth priority, increasing traffic supply policies in fifth priority and finally the reversal of traumatic traffic factors in mental health in sixth priority.

The results of this study show that from 6 factors affecting the realization of traffic culture in Isfahan metropolis, existence of one requires another existence. For example, if traffic infrastructures such as help lights, traffic signs, parking lots and etc... was not enough at the level of urban roads, the traffic laws and regulations and also citizen traffic Behaviors will be affected by these components as much as possible which is at the end, suggestions are provided that require serious attention of urban planners and managers and transportation and traffic planners in the Isfahan metropolis .