Iranian Journal of Finance
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Autumn 2017

The aim of this paper is to analyze the multiscale pricing model with the wavelet analysis approach, Fama-French three-factor model, and nonliquidity in Tehran Stock Exchange. It was also desirable to figure out how stock returns, Fama-French factors, and nonliquidity were related in different intervals. According to the results, various outcomes were obtained at different intervals. Stock returns had significant relationships with  (the ratio of book value to market value) and nonliquidity in the long term. Stock returns had significant relationships with the beta,  , and company size in the midterm, too. There was also a significant relationship between stock returns and the company size in the short term. The proposed methodology suggests that investors should employ dynamic portfolio management strategy and multiscale risk-return evaluation to seize investment opportunities.

According to accounting literature, value relevance of earnings is caused by the relationship between earnings and return. Had the earning response related to negative returns exceeds positive ones, it can be concluded that management has in fact revealed the bad news via conservative methods; this influences the relationship between earnings and return, which increases the amount of value relevance of earnings. Researches show that disclosing policies (the relationship between earnings and return) of business firms are sensitive to business cycles, thus it can be argued that if the business cycle faced contraction or expansion, the reaction of earnings against negative returns would differ comparing to positive returns. The aim of this research is to assess accounting conservatism and value relevance of earnings in business cycles. The samples of this study are 100 companies listed in TSE; their information for the period of 2007 to 2016 were tested. The results from regression test demonstrate that accounting conservatism and value relevance of earnings is much higher in contractionary economic cycles comparing to any other economic cycles. This result is pursuant to Jenkins et al (2009) research

Iran allocated 6% of the world's natural disaster fatality, while the country only has one percent of the world's population. More than 40 natural disasters have been recognized globally. According to the evaluations carried out in Iran, at least 31 natural disasters have occurred locally. Domestic insurance capacity does not cover this volume of risk and the need for external reinsurance capacity is always felt. Catastrophe bonds structure as a financial innovative solution allows an issuing institution to transfer catastrophic exposures and risk to capital market’s investors by creating capital relief and additional risk capacity for Iran’s insurance industry. We adjusted formal cat bonds structure with the Islamic jurisprudence, as well as domestic regulations consideration. According to the research and interviews conducted and using thematic analysis research method, we finally suggested that the catastrophe bond instrument in Iran could be issued in the form of "insurance Sukuk" contract template, as a solution for transferring catastrophic risks to the Iranian capital market. Since this proposed structure have many aspects, the comprehensive implementation of it depends on cooperation between money market, capital market and insurance industry.

This study aims to investigate the correlation between the diversification and accruals quality (AQ) in Iran’s mutual funds considering two main hypotheses and four sub-hypotheses. This research investigates the effects of cases such as beta of the company, the company's return on assets, debt ratio of company, firm's size, and accrual quality on the company's cost of capital and considers the effect of mutual funds’ diversification on decreasing information risk calculated through accruals quality in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) and Iran Farabourse listed companies. This research investigates 42 mutual funds from 2009 to 2013. Furthermore, the financial data of companies is considered for 20 years up to 2013 in order to calculate the accruals quality. The research results indicate that the factors such as the company's beta, the company's return on assets, and the ratio of firm's debt have direct correlation with cost of capital and this indicates that the increased risk in the form of beta and debt ratio increases the investors' expected return. However, the firm's size is inversely correlated with the cost of capital indicating that the increased firm's size provides the possibility of borrowing and bargaining at lower costs for companies. Furthermore, diversification in mutual funds results in lowering information risk caused by low accrual quality. Accordingly, the result of this research can help the mutual funds’ managers and investment companies to better manage their investments

Optimal Portfolio Selection is one of the most important issues in the field of financial research. In the present study, we try to compare four various different models, which optimize three-objective portfolios using “Postmodern Portfolio Optimization Methods”, and then to solve them. These modeling approaches take into account both multidimensional nature of the portfolio selection problem and requirements imposed by investors. Concretely different models optimize the expected return, the down side risk, skewness and kurtosis given portfolio, taking into account budget, bounds and cardinality constrains. The quantification of uncertainty of the future returns on a given portfolio is approximated by means of LR-fuzzy numbers, while the moments of its returns are evaluated using possibility theory. In order to analyze the efficient portfolio, which optimize three criteria simultaneously, we build a new NSGAII algorithm, and then find the best portfolio with most Sortio ratio from the gained Pareto frontier. Thus, in this paper we choose 153 different shares from different industries and find their daily return for ten years from April of 2006 till March of 2017 and then we calculate their monthly return, downside risk, skewness, kurtosis and all of their fuzzy moments. After designing the four models and specific algorithm, we solve all of the four models for ten times and after collection of a table of the answers, compare all of them with Treyner ratio. At last, we find that using fuzzy and possibistic theory make higher return and better utilized portfolios.

Prediction of stock returns is always one of the most important discussions of financial markets, which has led to introducing of various models to pricing financial assets, one of the most important of these models is to measure the surplus returns by Fama &  French model was introduced in the form of a 5-factor model which, in spite of its satisfaction with the model, is still in conflict with many anomalies in the market, which the model can not explain, in the same way The purpose of this paper is to examine the strength of Five Factor Model of Fama & French (2015) for explaining volatility as a market anomaly.The sample consists of 168 companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. Portfolio Analysis is the approach of this paper for testing explanatory power of the Five Factor Model. Results show that profitability and investment factors couldn’t explain excess returns. This conclusion contradicts the model of Fama and French (2016).