نشریه پژوهش های جامعه شناسی معاصر
سال هشتم شماره 15 (پاییز و زمستان 1398)

This qualitative study aimed to discover the meaning system of taxpayers and their interpretation of the phenomenon of taxation, and to present a grounded model of tax culture in the context of study. The grounded theory, which is one of the main qualitative methods of research, was used in this study. The required data were collected through in-depth interviews with 30 taxpayers in Isfahan. The sample was selected through purposive - theoretical sampling. Open, axial, and selective coding and Paradigm analytical tool were used to analyze the collected data. Next, the data were coded into main categories and one core category. The proposed paradigmatic model consisted of three dimensions, i.e., conditions, actions-interactions, and consequences. According to the results, the first dimension, conditions, comprising Causal-contextual conditions (rent-seeking economy, tax systemization, transparency of tax laws, tax authoritarianism(, Contextual conditions (psychological cost of compliance, procedural fairness of tax, divergent interaction and mutual trust between actors), and interventional conditions (tax justice, economic health of authorities, tax accountability and tax expenditure efficiency), in the dimension action-interaction (tax as a common interest, taxes as duty and Force-based compliance) and in the dimension of consequences (taxpayers’ dissatisfaction, non-transparency of economic activity, strengthening the shadow economy) that have been formed around a core category called " Non-normative unbalanced claiming".

Today, societies and individuals are becoming increasingly vulnerable and risks have increased. Therefore, trying to get back to the initial conditions as soon as possible makes the role of Resilience much more important. On the other hand, the course of evolution over time shows that, despite all the constraints and limitations which human beings encountered in the past, they provided context for collective participation, responsibility and sacrifice with their sense of belonging and attachment to the place. This is an applied research that attempts to identify indicators and factors affecting Social Resilience and Sense of Place Attachment and evaluate their extent in three Neighborhoods (including the distressed texture, informal, and modern texture) in Hamedan using descriptive-analytic method. To this end, indicators and factors affecting Sense of Place Attachment and Social Resilience were extracted through library studies in the first step. Then, Structural Equation Modeling by AMOS16 and SPSS18 software was employed to investigate the relationship between Sense of Place Attachment and Social Resilience. The results indicated that there is a direct and causal relationship between the two mentioned variables; the impact factors in Aghajani-Beyg, Hasare-Imam, and Motekhassesin neighborhoods were 0.88, 0.74, and 0.77 respectively. Hence, it can be deduced that the impact of sense of place attachment on social Resilience is different in urban neighborhoods considering the fact that the impact extent is stronger in Aghajani-Beyg neighborhood in comparison to the other two neighborhoods.

The study aims at investigating the relationship of media using among women and its effect on their attitude toward childbearing. The method used in this study is scrolling. The statistical population is women aged 15_49 in fertile age in Jahrom, 400 women were selected as sample by multi_stages sampling. The research instrument is a questionnaire used to determine its validity by formal credibility, and to determine the reliability of the internal co-ordination method using Cronbach's Alpha method.The descriptive results of the research indicate that the mean score of women's attitude to fertility is high. The analytical results show that media using has a positive and significant impact on women's attitudes toward childbearing. In fact, the more they use media, their attitudes toward fertility have increased positively .Among the population variables there is a significant relationship between age, number of children and type of occupation and women's attitude to childbearing. The explanation of the dependent variable in terms of the sum of independent variables indicates that media using and the number of children are the most powerful predictor of women's attitude to childbearing respectively, and they are able to explain the 0/29 of variations changes in the attitude toward childbearing.

After forty years of the Islamic Revolution in Iran, it was necessary to examine the effects of the post-revolutionary system on various aspects of Iranian life. One of the aspects which is becoming more and more important is the environmental status of Iran from one hand and the thoughts and behaviors of the residents of this system on the other hand. Since the dominant ideology of the Iranian revolution and the post-revolutionary system of government has undoubtedly been of a religious nature, policy making has been based on Islamic law and the time needed to institutionalize the values ​​endorsed by the government and religious and political socialization with at least one generation has passed, now is a good time to examine the proportion of sharia and what is assumed to be the result of sharia, including environmentalism in the sample populations. In the present study, with a review of the theoretical literature on how religion and environmentalism relate, three possible relationships between two variables of religiosity and environmental behavior (positive correlation, negative correlation, and non-correlation) were formulated in the form of three different hypotheses. To empirically test these competing hypotheses, a survey study was conducted with a sample of 400 students of Tehran University. The results of the research showed that only the hypothesis of a negative or inverse relationship between religiosity and environmental behavior received empirical support but the magnitude or intensity of this relationship was weak.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of stereotypes and perceived discrimination of employees on the three dimensions of organizational justice (distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice). This study is an applicable research in terms of objective, descriptive-correlational regarding the methodology and cross-sectional considering the implementation time period. The statistical population includes 287 nurses in Shariati hospital in the city of Isfahan from whom 164 were selected using Cochran’s formula as the sample. The data was collected through questionnaire and was analyzed with structural equation modeling approach employing SmartPLS software. The findings from path analysis technique indicate the verification of hypotheses about the impact of stereotyping and discrimination on distributive and interactional justice but disapprove the impact of stereotyping and discrimination on procedural justice. Finally there would be discussion and conclusion and some suggestions for managing the stereotyping in organizations and for future researches.

Today, environmental issues are deeply social concept. and lifestyle means the people,s of way of life, or social values, activities, behavior patterns, consumption and habits of People throughout life represents People,s socialization and culture community. major effects on the urban environment on the leaving. In this article we study the effect of lifestyle on responsible environmental behavior citizens of Khorramabad and Yazd. The method of the research was survey and data collectionand the technique questionnaire.kind of the sampling method, was multistage cluster. Statistical population research was citizens among 19 to 69 years in Khorramabad and Yazd. 768 were selected according of Cochran,s formula, Khorramabad 384 citizens and 384 citizens were Yazd. Findings showed that there was a significant relationship between, lifestyle,and it,s dimensions with Responsible environmental behavior in both cities. But there was not a significant relationship between gender and responsible environmental behavior in the city of Khorramabad.also there was a significant relationship between women and men in Responsible environmental behaviors. entirelly, according to standardized beta,s coefficients could be seen that respectively environmental health, public health, age, gender have the greatest impact on the variable environmental behaviors.  Regression analysis showed that due to the adjustment coefficient of the remaining variables in the regression equation with each other explained of the. /.6/35dependent variable variance.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of social network on emotional relationships between couples aged 15-40 in Boroujerd city in Lorestan province using a qualitative plan and data method of the foundation. Data or the community studied in this study are married people aged 15-15 in Boroujerd who use the Telegram network. Using targeted sampling to achieve theoretical saturation, the interview with 31 couples was analyzed. Based on the model expression, the results showed that: the variables in terms of age, gender, education, job, duration of marriage, number of children, etc., addiction to telegram rate, type, continuity, traditional marriage, high age difference with spouse, marriage Early on, traditional courtship and socioeconomic status, in confirmation of these concepts as the dominant context, refer to the strategies adopted by the couple in relation to the telegram. Due to the shortcomings of their lives as well as the attractiveness of Telegram, people became members of this network and then, under conditions such as Telegram addiction, adherence to norms, traditional marriage, and socio-economic status, they broke the marital norms in Telegram's free space. As a result, after a while, couples experience tension in the emotional relationship between themselves and their spouse.