فصلنامه مطالعات اجتماعی - روان شناختی زنان
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 63، تابستان 1399)

Today, women have a strategic role to play in sustainable development as half population of the society. Investing in women’s empowerment means investing in sustainable development. The main aim of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the empowerment of married women in East Azarbaijan province. The method of study is quantitative and the data were collected using a questionnaire. According to the latest census (2016), the statistical population of the study included 1203062 married women in East Azarbaijan province from whom 1134 individuals were selected based on the Cochran formula and via multi-stage cluster sampling as a sample of the study.  In general, the research findings showed that 1. The level of psychological empowerment of married women in East Azerbaijan province is higher than the average (75.15%). Based on the results of path analysis, the direct, indirect, and total effects of economic, social, cultural, and psychological capital structures on women's empowerment were significant and could explain 66% of the variance of the dependent variable (women empowerment). Comparing the beta coefficients of regression analysis, it can be said that women's empowerment is mostly affected by the variable of psychological capital (0.68).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the globalization dimensions on the gender identity of the youth in Abdanan city. Giddens' theory was used to explain this issue. The study is a cross-sectional survey and the statistical population includes young people aged 15-29 in Abdanan. The sample size was 400 people who were selected via a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The required data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS software. The Findings showed that gender identity was not different between boys and girls and there was a significant relationship between reflexivity, replacement, use of new information and communication technology, body management, and intimacy, with the youth gender identity. The independent variables of the present study explained 24% of the changes in the gender identity. Based on the findings, the independent variables of the study explained 24% of the changes in the gender identity variable. It is concluded that modernity waves and consequently the globalization of gender identity affected the youth of Abdanan city.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between thinking styles and marital satisfaction in male and female teachers in Tabriz. The research was a correlational study and the statistical population included all married male and female teachers working in Tabriz in 2019-2020. By cluster sampling, 375 people were selected as a sample and a questionnaire was distributed among them. The instruments used in this study were Sternberg-Wagner (1991) and Enrich (1989) Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression Analysis. In the male community, there was a significant positive and direct association between marital satisfaction and the components of oligarchy, and partisanship, introspection, and conservative styles of thinking. In the female population, there was a positive relationship between marital satisfaction and oligarchy and conservative thinking, and a negative relationship between partiality and marital satisfaction. It is crucial to pay attention to the thinking style of people working with the family due to the important relationship between thinking style and marital satisfaction. Considering the significant relationship between thinking style and marital happiness, it is important to pay attention to couples' thinking style when interacting with the family. It also seems important to pay attention to the gender factor, given the disparities between males and females in the relationship between thought style and marital satisfaction.

Through a phenomenological approach and using the theory of functionalism, the authors of the present study have explored the lived experience of women involved in the phenomenon of surrogacy. Participants in this study were selected through visits to infertility treatment centers. Due to the high infertility rate in Iran, the extreme wealth inequality and the dominance of the male sexual order, it seems likely that we will see the rapid growth of this new method of pregnancy in Iran. The results of the study suggest that although women come to have children through this method, they do not lose the remorse of infertility. Also, women who come to have children through surrogate mothers feel that their experience of being a mother is not complete and experience a type of defective motherhood. Therefore, they take some measures to engage in nursing the surrogate mothers in order to contribute to the process of pregnancy and motherhood. In this study, we have shown how this method of having children has led to the commodification of childbearing and motherhood processes.

Identifying the cultural consumption of women in the city of Ilam in 1397 is the main objective of this study. The methodology used for this study was based on a qualitative and phenomenological approach. To this end, semi-structured interviews were conducted in the city of Ilam with 18 women aged 15 and over on the basis of targeted sampling. The data collected from these interviews were analyzed using the applied phenomenological approach. Three types of results were derived from interviews that could capture the viewpoint of women on the phenomenon of cultural consumption. These types are symbolic and identity cultural consumption, leisure cultural consumption, and adaptive-functional consumption. The experiences of women have shown that they consider cultural consumption as a symbolic expression of their identity. Women spend their leisure time passively, and the consumption of women's cultural products in the city of Ilam is a requirement of living conditions. These findings provide important principles in the field of cultural consumption that can be used to develop educational programs for the proper orientation of the cultural consumption of women.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating role of religious beliefs in the relationship between attachment styles and the attitude towards infidelity in married women. In this descriptive-correlational research, 152 married women were selected from Tehran’s district 3 community centers using the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the attachment style scale (Collins and Reid, 1990), Attitude towards infidelity scale (Whatley, 2008), and participating in religious beliefs scale (Golzary, 1379). The results showed that there is a negative significant relationship between secure attachment style and attitude towards infidelity among married women, and religious beliefs moderates this relationship more negatively. There is also a positive and significant relationship between avoidant attachment style and attitude towards infidelity among married women. This direct relationship is not significant when the variable of religious beliefs act as a moderator. In conclusion, religious values act as a moderator between the types of attachment and the attitude of married women towards infidelity.