فصلنامه مطالعات روانشناختی
سال شانزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 61، زمستان 1399)

Due to the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, there are some measures to be taken to improve the symptoms. The purpose of the present research was to determine the effectiveness of emotion schema therapy on rumination and the extreme accountability of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It was semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stage. The population of the study included people with obsessive-compulsive disorder who referred to the Artiman counseling center of Mashhad in 2019. A number of 16 individuals were selected by available sampling and they were divided randomly into two experimental and control groups. The Ruminant Response Style Questionnaire and California Accountability Scale were used to collect data. The results of analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that emotion schema therapy effects on reducing rumination and extreme accountability of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder. Emotional schema therapy can be effective in reducing mental rumination and extreme accountability of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder. It is suggested that by using these variables by medical centers, the organizations can be taken to take effective steps to improve the mental health of individuals.

The present study was conducted to investigate the comparison of cognitive behavior therapy and Islamic based spiritual religion psychotherapy on the Intensity of the Symptoms of obsessive- compulsive of women with washing compulsive. The research is a semi-experimental one with pretest-posttest design and control group. The research population includes all women with washing compulsive disorder  who referred to Tehran  city’s Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Centers in 2018. Among them, 39 people selected in the form of purposefully method and then randomly assigned to three groups of 13. Cognitive-behavioral therapy on the first experimental group and Islamic based spiritual religion psychotherapy on the second experimental group, during eight 120-min sessions 1 sessions a week. The third group, i.e., control group was put in the waiting list. In order to collect data, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive were used. Univariate analysis of variance and Fisher's post hoc test were used for analysis of data. The results showed that both cognitive behavior therapy and Islamic based spiritual religion psychotherapy have been effective in reducing obsessive-compulsive disorder, and there was not obsessed a significant difference between the efficacy of these two therapies in reducing the severity of obsessive- compulsive of women with washing compulsive.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of perfectionism and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between insecure attachment and neuroticism with insomnia. The study sample consisted of 381 female and male students of Lorestan University of Medical Sciences who were selected by cluster sampling. Participants answered the Insomnia Severity Index, NEO-Personality Inventory–Revised (NEO-FF-R), Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, attachment style questionnaire and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicated that the causal model had suitable fitness. According to the findings, neuroticism had a direct and indirect significant relationship with insomnia through the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, also insecure attachment directly correlated with insomnia, but indirect effect of this variable on insomnia through maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies was not significant. Both neuroticism and insecure attachment had indirect significant relationship with insomnia through the chained mediating effect of perfectionism and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies. The obtained results showed that interpersonal, personality and emotional–cognitive factors had important roles in explanation of insomnia. So their role should be considered in prevention and treatment programs.

The purpose of this study was the effectiveness of schema therapy on the difficulty in emotion regulation and aggression in adolescent girl students. The research method was Quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up with the control group. The statistical population of this study included all-female high school students in the year 2019-2020, that using the purposive sampling method, 40 of them were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental and the control group (each group of 20 people). Emotion Difficulty Regulation Questionnaire and Aggression Questionnaire were used in three steps to collecting data. The experimental group received Schema Therapy (8 sessions 90 minutes) but the control group received no treatments. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA. The results showed that schema therapy was effective in reducing all subscales of difficulty in regulating emotion and aggression in adolescent female students. But over time, this effect was significantly reduced in the follow-up phase. In fact, schema therapy, by working on the multidimensional dimensions of the individual, provides the ground for change and is effective. Adolescence itself is associated with difficulty in cognitive regulation and behavioral abnormalities, including aggression, so schema therapy can be used as a means of reducing the difficulty in cognitive regulation and aggression in the adolescent.

People experience different levels of anxiety associated with the 2019 Coronavirus 19, which may affect their lives. The present study aimed to investigate the role of health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification in predicting of students' COVID-19 anxiety. The research design was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the study included students of Guilan University in 2020. By using available sampling method, through online calling, 200 students participated in the study. Data were collected from the Covid-19 Anxiety Scale (Wheaton et al), Short-term health Anxiety Measurement (Salkovskis et al), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (Taylor et al), and somatosensory amplification Scale (Barsky et al). The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation tests and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that health anxiety, anxiety sensitivity, and somatosensory amplification were positively and significantly correlated with COVID-19 anxiety. Regression results showed that these variables significantly predicted 55% of the new coronavirus anxiety. It seems that the high anxiety level of COVID-19 in students, can enhance their anxiety and sensitivity about health state and they would exaggerate physical and emotional symptoms. Thus, the University's psychological and Counseling Services must take steps to reduce the anxiety of COVID-19 and increase students' awareness.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of assertiveness training on assertion and social problem solving of male victims of bullying in junior high school. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test with control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all male high school students in Marivan city, who were studying in the 2018-2019 academic year. Using cluster random sampling method, 60 students were selected and randomly assigned to experimental (30) and control (30) groups. The participants of the experimental group were trained in groups for six weeks and two sessions per week (12 sessions in total). The experimental group received assertiveness training intervention as a group for six weeks, but the control group did not receive assertiveness training during the study. Research tools included questionnaires of bullying, assertiveness and social problem solving. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that assertiveness training had a significant effect on the level of assertion but no effect on social problem solving. According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that assertiveness skills training can be used as an effective method to increase the assertion of students who are victims of bullying.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of treatment based on the acceptance and commitment on emotional impairment and cognitive avoidance in students with generalized anxiety disorder. The present semi experimental study included pre-test, post-test with the control group design. The statistical population of this study consisted of all female students of second stage high school in Taybad city in the academic year of 2018-2019.  After initial assessment using GAD scale, a total of 30 female students were selected using purposeful sampling and randomly assigned into an experimental group of15 and a control group of 15. The experimental group received eight 90-minute sessions of ACT program. In order to gather data, alexithymia scale Bagby, Taylor & Parker and cognitive avoidance questionnaire Sexton & Dugas, were used. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze data. Findings from this research showed a significant difference between the mean posttest scores of the experimental and control groups in emotional impairment and its components (difficulties with identifying feelings, difficulties with describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking) and the cognitive avoidance and its components (thoughts repression, thought replacement, distraction, threatening stimuli and changing image to thought). Considering the results of this research, it is suggested that the psychologists and psychotherapists can use the results of this study to reduce emotional impairment and cognitive avoidance in students with GAD.

The prevalence of coronavirus and its subsequent quarantine, had social, economic, and psychological consequences. This study aimed to the mediation role of alexithymia and corona anxiety in the relationship between resilience and marital conflicts during quarantine. The design of the study is correlation through path analysis modeling. Among all student couples of Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin in 2020, a sample of 100 volunteered couples were selected. Data were collected using Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Sanaei-Zakir), Toronto Alexithymia Questionnaire, Corona Anxiety Scale (Alipour, et al.) and Connor and Davidson Resilience Questionnaire and analyzed using structural equation model. Findings showed that alexithymia and corona anxiety play a mediator role between marital conflicts and resilience. Therefore, it can be concluded that by promoting resilience, the ability to deal with anxiety and emotion regulation increases, and consequently, problems such as marital conflicts decrease. The suggestion from these findings, should be to use the resilience promotion programs to deal with anxiety and related problems.

Considering the psychological problems of people with physical disabilities, especially in adolescence, and the importance of paying attention to them to improve their mental health, the present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of short-term solution-focused approach training on vitality and resilience of students with physical disabilities. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and the control group. From among all high school students with physical disabilities in the city of Isfahan, 30 students were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Deci Vitality Questionnaire and Conner and Davidson Resilience Scale were applied to both groups, and the experimental group received ten 45-minute sessions of solution-focused intervention once a week. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that group training of solution-focused therapy had a significant influence on vitality and the negative affect tolerance of students with physical disabilities, but was not significant on overall resilience. It seems that solution-focused approach can be utilized to promote the positive psychological indicators such as vitality and negative affect tolerance in people with physical disabilities.