نشریه رهیافت پیشگیری
سال دوم شماره 4 (زمستان 1398)

If we consider criminal policy to include the most prudent measures derived from criminological research and findings in the face of the criminal phenomenon, no doubt these researches and findings will place the family at the forefront of the most fundamental social institution in crime prevention. Crime is the result of human deviation from the boundaries of values ​​and norms that, because of their importance, society has guaranteed compliance with criminal regulations; The fact that human beings violate these boundaries and violate the red lines of society goes back to two categories of factors; The first category is individual factors, ie physiological and psychological factors that form the personality of the individual, and the second category is environmental factors that surround the far and near space around the person. Criminological research, especially those approaches to how to create a criminal tendency and capacity in individuals, has found that even the individual characteristics of a person are related to his or her first living environment, the family.

Behavioral disorders are among the behavioral problems that are important in terms of individual and social psychology. Conduct disorder is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the fundamental rights of others are violated. Aggression, theft and fraud, lying and the like are common among children with conduct disorder. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the behavior and delinquency of girls in districts 5 and 13 of Tehran.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose, which was done via a descriptive-analytical methodology. The statistical population of the study is 607 students with normal behavioral disorders in Tehran's 5th and 13th districts. The data collection tool was made by a researcher-made questionnaire, and a single-sample mean comparison test and a mean comparison test of two independent groups were used to test the research hypotheses.

The study of research hypotheses indicates the unfavorable situation of behavioral disorder characteristics in students with disorders and normal students were in a favorable situation from the perspective of behavioral disorders characteristics. The hypothesis that conduct disorder was more common in district 5 High School was also rejected, and the two districts did not differ much. Findings from meta-analytic research also show that this disorder can have a significant impact on adolescents' desire to commit a crime.

The National Inspection Organization of the country, according to the Constitution, the Law on Crime Prevention, the Law on the Establishment of the National Inspection Organization, must take action to prevent the occurrence of crime. In this regard, the organization can fulfill its task by taking advantage of the findings of situational prevention, criminal prevention and social prevention. In order to prevent the situation, the organization can put continuous monitoring, creating and optimizing the trading monitoring system, controlling the assets of officials and officials on the agenda. In the field of criminal prevention, important measures such as initiating prosecution, issuing a security order and, if necessary, protesting against the issued votes, are within the authority of the organization. Social prevention of crime is provided by the organization through the teaching of organizational culture, the promotion of public culture through education and the use of the role of the media and interaction with non-governmental organizations and other executive bodies.

The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and utilized a descriptive-analytical methodology. Data collected and analyzed using library resources.

Among the types of prevention, criminal prevention cannot be commensurate with the goals and objectives of the organization, but in order to achieve criminal prevention of crime, especially in the prosecution and criminal prosecution of the organization plays a significant role. It plays. According to the findings of this study, the National Inspection Agency, in order to perform its crime prevention tasks, the best solution is to prevent the situation. The organization can make good use of some of the twenty-five techniques of situational prevention, especially techniques to increase effort, risk the crime scene, and reduce the proceeds of crime. Regular inspections, special inspections, mandatory registration of government transactions in the transaction monitoring system, control of the assets of officials and officials are the most important measures that the organization can take in this regard.

The position of prevention rights in the field of criminal policy as an independent field of expertise includes a series of regulations that determine the responsible institutions, limits and rules, governing rules and guaranteeing the necessary performance in violating the rules governing crime prevention strategy. This requires the quality and transparency of laws to include preventive measures in the field of forensic science. In this research, while examining these measures, it has been tried to explain as a source of action measures in criminal policy, the challenges facing and appropriate solutions.

The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and utilized a descriptive-analytical methodology. Data collected and analyzed using library resources.

It seems that due to the predominance of situational prevention in most countries, the orientation of governments towards creating a society under the control and relative responsibility of this approach, by restricting the freedom and rights of individuals, apart from the need to develop domestic prevention rights, an international document with a binding nature, which addresses the conditions of exploitation of this prevention in a comprehensive manner, is a global solution and, while removing ambiguities, reduces the development of governments' powers to expand situational prevention. At the same time, precision in the regulation of prevention rights, compilation of academic books and teaching of this important subject with a separate heading of prevention law along with other disciplines of regular legal studies can indicate the value of compulsion that is related to normative topics related to prevention strategy.

In this study, the role of criminological factors affecting theft in the form of social and psychological approaches was examined. Given that theft is a complex economic and social phenomenon, it cannot be explained by a single theory. Therefore, a combined theoretical framework was used to separate independent variables, including Hirschi's control theories, Sutherland's differential association, Tarde imitation, and Agnio general pressure, Merton's pressure, ecological, the family anomic conditions of William Goode and Alfred Adler.

The present research is a survey which utilized a causal comparative methodology. According to the nature of causal and comparative method, two statistical communities were used. The robber group included 100 young people aged 18 to 35 living in Yazd Central Hospital, and the second group included 100 normal youth aged 18 to 35 living in Yazd. Sampling for both groups is simple cluster sampling. The information was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed in SPSS software.

Overall, the results show that there is a significant relationship between family disintegration, addiction, poor economic situation, migration and marginalization, literacy level, practice of religious beliefs and mental health and youth theft in Yazd.

Administrative corruption is one of the problems of today''s society that coping with it requires multidimensional and comprehensive measures. In this regard, the participation of the people as a pillar overseeing the performance of government agents, based on the principle of public responsibility as one of the foundations of Islamic political thought, plays an important role in this regard. Therefore, the present study explains the role of people''s participation and how public monitoring in the prevention of administrative corruption.

The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and utilized a descriptive-analytical methodology. Data collected and analyzed using library resources.

One of the most important structural barriers to participatory prevention policy against corruption is ignorance of preventive approaches to corruption, lack of training and skills to block effective ways to deal with corruption, unfaithfulness of public administration managers to people''s rights. Improper interaction of media and organizations, providing incomplete information to the media and closing administrative meetings to the media, the problem of free access of media to information, transparency and insufficient information of organizations about administrative corruption and linking personal and organizational interests with national interests.

Although the Constitution, in paragraph 5 of Article 156 of the Constitution, stipulates the prevention of crime and appropriate measures in this regard, it is clear that according to other principles of the Constitution, the duty to prevent crime It is not only the responsibility of this power, but this power is only in charge of the principle of crime prevention, because Article 2 of the Law on Crime Prevention, approved in 2015, mentions this important issue. According to Article 14, Paragraph 14 of the Criminal Procedure Code, the police force, which is one of the basic and fundamental factors in creating security in crime prevention, has basic and detailed duties in order to prevent the situation in the disciplinary dimension.

The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and utilized a descriptive-analytical methodology. Data collected and analyzed using library resources.

The following steps can be taken to adopt an efficient and appropriate criminal policy: Forming a special police force for dealing with environmental crimes; increasing the powers of officers in environmental crimes through legislation; raising the level of awareness of officers about the laws and understanding the powers and duties of officers in dealing with environmental crimes; Establishing a comprehensive database of criminals and financial and legal protections and pay special attention to the field of tourism by using potential environmental capacities to attract tourists; creating employment by the government and institutionalizing a culture of respect for the environment.