نشریه رهیافت پیشگیری
سال سوم شماره 3 (پاییز 1399)

Lighting and lighting have a special place in the lives of citizens because part of the activity of people takes place in the dark of night. By carefully examining the situation of Iranian cities, especially worn-out and historical textures, it becomes clear that such textures are due to the fact that they were created many years and sometimes decades ago, and then with the passage of time and the growth and expansion of surrounding urban spaces. And their connection to each other has become a dense and continuous texture, leading to problems such as imbalance at the level of different regions. Lack of proper lighting leads to risks such as accidents and falling of weak people (children and the elderly) not seeing the faces of people and exploiting profiteers and causing harassment and delinquency.

In this research, using causal and qualitative methods, first, the lighting condition of Jolfa neighborhood was investigated and the points that cause crime due to insufficient lighting and inadequate lighting were identified.

In this study, the worn texture of Julfa neighborhood of Isfahan in the south of Zayandehrood River was studied. Although in terms of lighting in recent years, the relevant organizations have made efforts to improve the lighting of this neighborhood, but with a brief look around the historical context of Julfa and due to the presence of Hakim Nezami streets, East and West, Khaghani, Tohid and Mehrdad and around Materials are seen as dark spots that set the stage for social harm. In this study, solutions to solve the lighting problem to create visual relaxation were presented.

With the rapid development of information technology, achievements such as quick and easy access and the exponential increase of its penetration in society and reckless expression of information, regardless of its accuracy and inaccuracy, has become a sensitive issue in national security. The need to preserve freedom of expression, as one of the most important fundamental human rights in human rights instruments for the transmission of messages and information, has also posed serious challenges to societies.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose. Its statistical population includes students of universities in Maragheh city who were studying in this city in the 98-97 academic year. In this study, the sample size was estimated to be 400 using Cochran's relation. Sampling was performed by simple disproportionate and random stratified method and data were collected through a questionnaire.

The findings of this study show that there is a direct relationship between proper use of social networks, public education, students' trust in the media, the importance of maintaining national security and maintaining freedom of expression with Instagram filtering. The result is that the overlap of freedom of expression with the need for national security led to the inference in this regard, the needs to filter the Instagram virtual network as an important step in maintaining, ensuring and stabilizing national security.

The concept of restorative justice in criminal science, reflects the evolution of the concept of delinquent, delinquent, victim and seeks to promote the status of victim, delinquent and members of the local community in criminal proceedings, repair of broken relationships due to crime, compensation for crime and Respect for the human dignity of individuals. In the meantime, it is very important to pay attention to vulnerable children and adolescents and to examine the role of the police as the custodian of public safety. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to investigate the restorative functions of the police in the prevention of victimization and delinquency of children and adolescents.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and survey type. The statistical population of the study was the staff of the Judicial Services Department, Counseling and Assistance Unit, Police Patrol Units and Police Emergency 110 in the eleven police stations of the Second Police Station of Greater Tehran Disciplinary Command, of which, according to the Cochran relation, 165 people were chosen. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was obtained by obtaining opinions from social, legal, criminological and disciplinary thinkers and its reliability was calculated by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.83. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and statistical tests.

The findings show that the operation of counseling and assistance units, police patrols, 110 police emergencies and judicial services, respectively, have been more effective in preventing child and juvenile delinquency and delinquency. The results of the study indicate the effective role of restorative functions of police patrols and 110 emergencies in the prevention of victimization and delinquency of children and adolescents. The effectiveness of the restorative functions of the counseling and assistance unit as well as the police judiciary in preventing child and juvenile delinquency and delinquency was also demonstrated.

Man has often actively dealt with space and is always in the business of information. After being in a place and receiving information and symbols by their senses, due to the speed of communication between these elements, the person will be able to actively respond to a part of the environment and turn his attention to them. "Sense of place" is the ability of space or place to create a specific sense of the whole place. Considering the sense of place in space and form and environmental design in commercial areas that cause easy access and increase security in these spaces, the present study seeks to investigate the extent to which environmental design indicators can affect the security of commercial complexes.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The data collection method is survey and Morgan formula was used to determine the sample size and 278 questionnaires were distributed in the commercial complex of the city. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to determine the reliability of the research instrument. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one-sample t-test and chi-square were used to analyze the data.

The results show that the proper design and use of space reduces the criminal opportunities that result from improper space design and considering the sense of security that is one of the human spiritual needs and the most important indicator of space quality creates a positive atmosphere for quality improvement. Live and improve it and create a sense of place. Also, with the weight of each component and their ranking, it was obtained that the sense of place component is in a more favorable position than the design component, which increases the level of security of the commercial space.

It goes without saying that the etiology of crimes in criminology is done with the aim of helping to prevent and treat crime. Drug addiction requires a comprehensive and accurate identification of the grounds and causes of committing addiction, and the reason for committing this crime must be considered. One of the theories that is used in the field of criminological research and criminal sociology to explain addiction and its persistence are theories that trace the existence of subculture of crime or deviation among a group of people and have four components of socio-economic status, learning, performance. Institutions are sociable and attitudes are relative deprivation.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. Theoretical foundations of the research were collected using library documents and data and field data using a researcher-made questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in two ways: descriptive and inferential statistics.

Based on the findings of the study, it was found that the pattern of drug use among young people has changed and the use of various types of drugs among a group of young people has become the norm and is accepted as part of daily life and only in the light of understanding. It is the process of normalization that can be used to implement prudent prevention programs

One of the examples of corruption is that government officials abuse their position and thus gain benefits for themselves or their relatives. In addition to international documents, this issue has been considered in the legal system of different countries, and in the new laws that have been passed in the field of misuse of confidential information, in addition to criminalizing misuse of confidential information in the capital market, legislators The crime has also caught the attention of government officials.

The present study is considered as an applied research and was conducted by descriptive-analytical method and using library resources.

This behavior, which can be referred to as the misuse of confidential government information or the rent of government information, is a phenomenon that occurs in the context of inequality in access to government information between government affiliates and others. To prevent this situation, both action measures to resolve conflicts of interest and response measures to criminalize such abuse are necessary. It is also necessary, as in other countries, to include this behavior in the criminal record and to guarantee its proper execution.