مجله راهبردهای نوین تربیت معلمان
پیاپی 11 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

Teachers are the most important and influential factor in schools that have been accountable, affecting both job stress and job performance. Meanwhile, the amount of support perceived by the organization can affect the impact of accountability on stress and job performance. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of accountability on teachers' performance and job stress with respect to the moderating role of perceived organizational support. The research method of this research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of data collection and correlational in nature. The statistical population of this study includes all teachers of boys' schools in district one of Mashhad with a volume of 400 people. Using a simple random sampling method and based on Morgan table, 200 people were selected as a sample. Four standard questionnaires of responsiveness were used by Hatchwar et al. (2005), Rizzo & Hauss (1972), Patterson (1990) and Practical Organizational Support of Eisenberger et al. (1986). Correlation test and multiple mode regression were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between accountability and perceived organizational support, job performance and job stress. At the same time, in the present study, there was no significant relationship between perceived support and teachers' job performance. The results of multiple modulatory regression showed that responsiveness and perceived support have an interactive role in predicting job stress.

The impact of this study was to investigate the effect of Manipulation activities on learning geometry skills of third grade elementary school students. In this regard, in a quasi-experimental method, the researcher has selected two groups of 30 experimental and control students from the elementary school of Hazrat Mahdi (aj), by available Purposeful sampling method. In the experimental group, teaching was done in a using Manipulation activities and in the control group by visual methods. In order to collect data, From a researcher-made test whose validity is through content validity and CVR method It was measured and used for both tests with a value of 0.99.The descriptive findings of the study showed that the mean of variable geometry skills in the experimental group after Manipulation activities was higher than the control group. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance showed that the difference between the post-test of the two groups was significant; And the value of F obtained indicates that the effect of manipulative activity on the learning of geometry skills of students in the experimental group was effective.T test results show; For the geometry skills variable, the ratio T obtained (18.536) with a degree of freedom of 27 from the critical table is greater than the T table Therefore, the test results indicate that Manipulation activities affect students' learning of geometry skills.

Geometry is one of the most challenging math courses that has attracted the attention of many math educators from past to present. Understanding geometric figures plays a crucial role in understanding school geometry. Different geometric figures can be seen everywhere in geometry textbooks, and it can be said that recognizing and relating to geometric figures is an important part of the geometry learning process. But research results and teachers' experience show that students face many difficulties in understanding these figures and in understanding figural concepts in general, which is a major obstacle to their geometric reasoning. The purpose of this article, which is done in a library method, is to describe some of these difficulties based on valid research. Many students guess the name of geometric figures only according to their appearance and are not familiar with the main features of each of these figures and rely only on their previous intuitions and experiences in recognizing geometric figures and tend to ignore the definition. Discussions on such topics will raise teachers' awareness of students' learning difficulties, as well as review the process of teaching geometry and improve teaching methods.

The purpose of this study was prioritize the tendency of elementary school teachers to curriculum ideologies through descriptive-survey method. The statistical population of the study consisted of all primary school teachers in Isfahan, 4290 people, from which 354 people were selected according to Morgan table by stratified cluster random sampling method. Data gathering tool was the standard questionnaire of Schiro (2014) Curriculum Ideologies, which determines the types of curriculum ideology (scholar academic, learner centered, social efficiency, and social reconstruction) based on the components of aim, teaching, learning, knowledge, child and evaluation. The Friedman test was used to analyze the data. Research findings indicated that elementary teachers of Isfahan had the highest tendency in the components of aim, teaching, learning, child and evaluation based on learner centered ideology and in the component of knowledge on social efficiency ideology; Also, in all of components have been the lowest tendency in the scholar academic ideology.

The research method is quantitative and descriptive using structural equation model. Causal-comparative method was used to compare variables between the two groups. Statistical population of the research includes new teachers in Khorasan Razavi province. To test the model, a sample of 347 subjects was selected from 3339 new teachers in Khorasan Razavi province using convenience sampling and quota sampling methods. The research population includes 2426 new teachers who graduated from Farhangian University of Khorasan Razavi (Mashhad) in the years 2017 and 2018 and 913 new teachers who were hired to Farhangian University according to the Article 28 in the years 2017 and 2018. Sample size for each variable was selected up to 30 subjects using Cochran's formula. Teacher motivation, teacher self-efficacy and occupational commitment questionnaires were developed and validated by the researcher. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient, confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis, t-test and structural equation modeling were used.The results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between teacher self-efficacy and occupational commitment of new teachers. Occupational commitment of new teachers graduated from Farhangian University was significantly higher than that of new teachers recruited by Article 28, and the teacher motivation of new teachers graduated from Farhangian University was significantly higher than that of new teachers recruited by Article 28. There was a significant positive relationship between teacher intrinsic motivation and occupational commitment of new teachers.

The concept of "citizenship rights", despite its antiquity in human civilizations, is a new term and with its definitions, it covers a wide range of areas of life, including political, security, judicial, cultural, social and economic. . The purpose of this study was to evaluate the citizenship rights of student-teachers. The statistical population of this study was the three campuses of Shahid Mofteh, Martyrs of Mecca and Nasibeh of Tehran province from Farhangian University with 1948 people in the second semester of the 97-98 academic year. The sample size was determined based on the Cochran 320 formula, which were selected by available sampling. In order to collect data, a 28-item researcher-made questionnaire with a range of five Likert options was used. After confirming the validity of the questionnaire by ten professors in the field of educational sciences, its combined reliability was calculated to be 0.90. Spss24 and Smart-PLS software were used to analyze the data using descriptive statistics and structural equations. The results of this study showed that the current situation of student-teacher citizenship rights is less than average and each of the components of "educational-research", "political", "cultural-social", "union-welfare" and "disciplinary" respectively in "Citizenship rights" have a share; Together, these factors explain approximately 0.66 of the variance in student-teacher citizenship rights.

one of the main reasons for the speed of development and development in various countries was the attention to the process of academic motivation in those countries. The purpose of this study was to design a model for enhancing academic motivation in Iran. To provide this template and obtain appropriate data with the field of study, the qualitative method of the theory based on the base data was used. The participants in this study were experts and experts in the field of psychology and counseling in the primary field. Twenty-one of them were selected as theoretical sampling for in-depth interviews and the interviews continued to reach the theoretical saturation. Validity of findings was carried out by the members by way of matching and carrying out pilot interviews. For analyzing qualitative data, open source, axial and selective coding was used. The results show that 725 initial conceptual propositions with 24 main categories and 83 sub categories in the form of six dimensions of the paradigmatic model including: Ali (4 categories), the main phenomenon (increase of academic motivation), underlying conditions (4 categories), conditions Environmental (8 categories), strategies (4 categories) and outcomes (4 categories) were identified. The integration of the categories based on the existing relationships among them on the axis of increasing academic motivation forms a paradigmatic model that reflects the pattern of increasing the student's motivation for elementary school students.