نشریه مطالعات راهبردی ارتباطات
پیاپی 1 (پاییز 1400)

In recent decades, the institution of the family in Iran has undergone significant changes. Such as: change in the formation of marriage and family formation, increase in marriage age, decrease in marriage rate, increase in definite celibacy, change in the circle of marriage, change in criteria for marriage and change in childbearing aƫtudes. Many experts do not consider the changes in the family institution as the result of changes in the economic situation and the institutional structure of society, but also believe that these changes stem from changes in the process of values and traditions.The theoretical basis of this research is based on ideological and aƫtude theories. According to Inglehart theory of cultural and value transformation and Ven de kaa and Lasthaeghe theory in the framework of the second population transition theory, two aspects of value and aƫtude changes in the country including individualism and family values and their impact on change in criteria and methods of marriage, aƫtude to the appropriate age for marriage and the desired number of children are considered. The required data are taken from the findings of two naƟonal family surveys (2019) and the third wave of Iranian values and aƫtudes (2015), which have been evaluated by secondary analysis. Findings showed that the rate of childbearing in Iran in the last four decades has increased from normal natural (7.1 children) to voluntary ferƟlity and below the replacement level (1.7 children) and the average age of marriage for boys and girls, has been accompanied by an increase of about 5 years. Values and aƫtudes about marriage and childbearing and the degree of individualism differed between the three generations of young, middle-aged and older. On the other hand, aƫtudes toward the desired child and the appropriate age for marriage are significantly correlated with the degree of individualism. Therefore, the effect of cultural factors on changes in marriage and childbearing in Iran can be confirmed. And more emphasis should be placed on cultural factors to revise population policies.

The aim of this study was to invesƟgate the relaƟonship between the amount and type of use of Instagram social network and body management of female users. The theoreƟcal framework of this research is a combinaƟon of Giddens' body management theory in body management and the use of saƟsfacƟon and saƟsfacƟon theory. The method of this research is staƟsƟcal and the staƟsƟcal populaƟon is (Instagram) female users aged 19 to 45 years living in Tehran and the sample size is 407 according to Fadi rule. A quesƟonnaire was used to collect informaƟon and SPSS soŌware was used to analyze the data. Findings show that four-fiŌhs (81%) of respondents pay liƩle aƩenƟon to their body management. Among the four methods of body management, the most aƩenƟon is paid to sports acƟviƟes and the least to cosmeƟc surgery. Using cosmeƟcs and following a diet are the third and fourth opƟons. The average use of Instagram among respondents is 112 minutes per day and the number of visits to it is 9 Ɵmes. The most common use is for liking and commenƟng. Findings show that the use of Instagram to a very weak extent has led users to pay aƩenƟon to their body management. Among the four methods of body management, with the increase in the use of Instagram, the acƟvity of sports and the use of users' cosmeƟcs (to improve their body management) have been slightly increased. There was also no significant correlaƟon between using Instagram and cosmeƟc surgery and diet.

The purpose of this research has been recognizing the ethical orientation which emphasized in the best seller movies of 1380 and 1390 decades by recognition of their main subjects and analyzing the emphasized values and ethics concerning their sociocultural and political backgrounds and context of their making time. We wanted to know how the under study movies represent the everyday life, which aspects they emphasizes on, which messages they intend to transfer and which ethical values and norms they advertise.We analyzed the text conversation on the basis of the oral data analyses methods and qualitative content analyses and selected four movies of each decades according to locating in the social gunre, being best seller and received the most social criticisms. The theoretical framework has been formulated with due aƩention to Bandura theory, representation theory and reflection theory. According to our findings in the first period movies (1380-1384) which is related to reformist government largely paid aƩention to the current gender differentiations and the existing norms and values and also have been criticized and emphasized on the necessity of establishing gender equality and the redefinition of gender ethics and women’s social and occupational abiliƟes has been emphasized as well. In the second period movies which relates to the fundamentalist government mostly paid aƩention to the religious values and narrations. In this period movies although the religious values and ethics are prior to others but somehow and at the margins the gender norms and values are considered too.

The present article examines the level of knowledge of students' parents about cyberspace as well as their use of cyberspace and in its theoretical framework, Rogers's theory of "innovation” and Prater’s theory of "media literacy" have been used. This research has been done by survey method and a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population included 320,775 high school students in 19 educational areas of Tehran. Using the "Cochran" formula, 400 students were selected as the sample size and the questionnaires were randomly distributed among them. The results show that there is a significant inverse relationship between the socioeconomic status of parents and their level of knowledge of cyberspace. Also, according to the results of this study, there is a difference between parents and children in knowledge cyberspace; A difference that reflects the generation gap. Also, according to the findings of this study, since the level of media literacy of children is much higher than their parents, therefore, children otien replace cyberspace with parents in answering their questions. There is a difference that shows a generation gap. Also, according to the findings of this study, since the level of media literacy of students is much higher than their parents, so children otien replace cyberspace with parents in answering their questions

This article, from the structural point of view of serial content analysis, deals with one of the elements of this structure, namely acting. The subject of this research is the content analysis of Mehdi Fakhim zadeh acting style in two TV series, Sleep and Awake (Khab o Bidar) and Super Secretive (Foghe Serri), which has been done by the method of content analysis and its application in the themes of these series with the main purpose of analyzing the style of this actor. The theoretical basis of this research is based on theories tof framing, modeling, social learning, social construction of reality and audience’s dependence and its conceptual framework based on the views of well-known theorists such as Edward T. Hall, Stuart Hall, Jean Piaget, Albert Mehrabian, and Mark Knapp have been interpreted, and their full descriptions are available in the original research. Based on the analysis of the findings in this study and the results obtained, Mehdi Fakhim zadeh has used a style in his artistry and acting based on mental and physical characteristics in the three roles of Asghar Koopak, Colonel Nasrollahi and Nasser Afrashteh (Nasser Papati), It is well coordinated with his physical appearance, phonetic tone and eye contact, and the balance of his verbal and non-verbal communication, and with the creative use of imagination in acting, he has succeeded in establishing effective communication with the audience of these series.

This article tries to understand cultural justice in the city, in the analysis of the culture organization (production, distribution and consumption), prominent forms of cultural action such as cultural consumption, on non-cultural causes of cultural affairs (urban development measures including policy, planning and implementation in the allocation and distribution of cultural facilities).The research method is mix method; In the quantitative, data were collected using a questionnaire and sampling method appropriate to the volume. In the qualitative, physical analysis information was collected and spatially analyzed by the secondary analysis method. According to the results, the spatial distribution of culture in Arak is inefficient and unequal, and the urban planning system in the areas of Arak and among residents is seriously deficient.

The trend towards cyberspace in Iran has increased as well as other communiƟes and on the other hand, during the recent years of social harm in couples, the behavior of individuals has undergone a lot of changes. And married students, like most social groups in the community, use a lot of cyberspaces. This research is to invesƟgate of invesƟgaƟng the relaƟonship between the use of cyberspace and violence in couples. The staƟsƟcal populaƟon is the whole populaƟon of Students at Islamic Azad University، Central Tehran Branch، out of which 360 were selected as samples. AŌer reviewing related theories، at the end a theoreƟcal model has been designed. This study was done by using field studies and survey methods. Data gathered from the distributed quesƟonnaires aŌer that its validity and reliability were checked. By Cronbach's alpha reliability and factor analysis for all aspects of the quesƟonnaire is obtained higher than 7/0. Data were analyzed through، inferenƟal staƟsƟcs by using the soŌware SPSS. The results show there are significant relaƟonship between Use of cyberspace on physical violence, sexual violence, psychological violence, economic violence and communicaƟon violence. According to regression، the greatest and strongest effects the use of cyberspace, the direct effect of age variables (0.340), verbal violence (0.406), psychological violence (0. 487), sexual violence (0.380), socioeconomic status (0.398) Cited.

The economic conditions of the country involve financial risks and losses for the press, more than any other economic enterprises , since one of the first goods removed from the household basket , during the inflation, is the press. Moreover, the development of modern electronic media such as social networks has intensified the competion among media to aƩract the audience. To get the opinions of the professors and experts in the press community regarding the study of the role of management and press staff in aggravationg the financial and economic problems of this medium, the researcher conducted a qualitative in-depth interviews with 21 editors of public and private newspapers. Having analyzed the obtained data , the researcher tried to point out the fact that the weakness and economic challenges of The Iranian newspapers are created due to the internal and external factors dominating the country’s press. This investigation has been continued using open purposeful interview methods to the extent that theoretical saturation is achieved. The results indicate that the economic challenges of the Iranian newspapers in the intra-organisational sector can now be categorized into four categories. The first category: Media Management. The second category: Media Economics management . The third category: Human Resource Management and professional Issues. The fourth category: self- censorship and lack of Investigative Journalism.The most important findings of the research include evidence of the weakness of press managers and their unfamiliarity with the principles on media management, poor motivation in media staff and lack of proper equal communication in the structure of the press