نشریه مطالعات زن و خانواده
سال نهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1400)

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the "Hold Me Tight" educational program on intimacy, attachment behaviors, and marital satisfaction in married students of Allameh Tabataba’i University. The research is a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest-follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population includes all married students of Allameh Tabataba’i University, of which 40 (20 couples) were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to two groups (10 couples in each the experimental and control group). The tools which are used included the Marital Intimacy Needs Questionnaire (MINQ), the Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness and Engagement scale (BARE), and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS). The experimental group was intervened in 8 sessions of 2 hours using the " Hold Me Tight " program and no intervention was performed for the control group. At the end of the intervention and 6 months later, the tests of intimacy, attachment behaviors, and marital adjustment were performed again and the results were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that "Hold me tight" has a significant effect on intimacy, attachment behaviors, and marital satisfaction in participants (p <0.05). The follow-up test shows that the effect of the HMT program remains within 6 months in attachment behaviors of partner, marital satisfaction, and intimacy. In conclusion, the HMT program can be used to improve couples' relationships in general and to increase intimacy, attachment behaviors (responsiveness, accessibility, and engagement), and marital satisfaction (dyadic adjustment) for married students and the general population.

The importance of children as the future makers of a society, on the one hand, and the impact of pleasant or unpleasant childhood experiences on children's future lives, has drawn the attention of many researchers to the social harms of childhood, including child abuse. Such attention to the phenomenon or, more accurately, the social problem of child abuse has led to much research in recent years on the factors affecting child abuse. The present study seeks to investigate the most important factors affecting child abuse in research conducted in Iran using the meta-analysis method. The statistical population of the research is all valid scientific researches in the form of articles and dissertations that have been published in the years 2001 to 1399 on the subject of child abuse. Finally, among the examined documents, 18 selection documents were analyzed using CMA software. The results of the study showed that the variables of conflict and difference in family relationships (0.602) had the most impact and the variable of mother's job (0.222) had the least impact on the occurrence of child abuse.

Children of divorce tend to delay marriage or not marry at all. They also tend to experience trust and loyalty issues and have higher rates of anxiety and depression. The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate the effectiveness of premarital education program on attitude toward marriage and attitude toward divorce in children of divorce. Accordingly, three students from divorced parents were selected by purposive sampling in Ahvaz. In this study, a multiple baseline single case experimental design was used. The premarital education program was implemented in 10 sessions and the subjects responded to The Attitude toward Marriage Scale and The Attitude toward Divorce Scale in three stages of baseline and four stages of educational intervention. Data were analyzed by visual analysis, reliable change index (RCI) and percent improvement formula. The results of this study showed that the premarital education program increased the positive attitude toward marriage but was not significant in the attitude toward divorce. This research showed that the Premarital Education Program can be effective in helping children of divorce and family therapists can use this program to improve the process of readiness for marriage in children of divorce.

Among women, who make up almost half of every country's human capital; a group of them are called "women heads of households". Because they have more responsibility and are far more vulnerable; They need more knowledge. In this regard, the present study seeks to analyze the lived experience of this women in their social relations with the phenomenological method based on the Max Wenmann method. So 11 women were selected by purposive sampling method and in-depth interviews. The results of the research are reported in four dimensions of relationships including: space, relationships, time and lived body. In dimension of lived relationships, "trying to distance oneself" and "rethinking relationships" are the two main axes that cover these women's relationships. In other word, the women who are their reasons such as lack of trust and communication in a new space, different relations experience. "The importance of the body in gaining a woman's dignity" and "the body of a burden to meet needs" are two opposing aspects that these women have chosen in their conflicting treatment of their bodies. The insecurity of the living space, along with other living conditions of these women, has made time more vague, conditional and indefinite for them than other human beings. Thus, the life experience of this women in Iran, along with a structural and inherent contradiction within themselves, has given them "conflicting relationships and unstable relationships." So that mistrust, instability and poisoning of space and relationships is a common concern of all women heads of households.

In the present era, one of the reasons for the family crisis is the non-systemic view of the family and the principles that govern it. The purpose of this study is to investigate the capacity of the principles governing the family in resolving family conflicts. so, after enumerating the principles governing the family and examining the place of these principles in organizing the monotheistic legislative system, the indicators expressing the rights arising from these principles and the effects of violating these principles and the rights arising from them were extracted. Then, by reviewing previous researches, family injuries and effective causes of these injuries were extracted. Finally, the indicators derived from the principles and effective causes of family injuries were compared and analyzed.In this study, the qualitative method has been used in a descriptive-analytical manner. The method of collecting information has been in the form of documents and libraries. Research data were also processed using qualitative content analysis technique.The results of the research indicate that most of the causes of family disputes with the effects of violation of principles have a common semantic space and in fact are in conflict with the rights of principles. Therefore, the causes of family problems are also in conflict with the principles. Hence, the violation of the principles governing the family has caused many family problems. Therefore, it is suggested that authorities provide the ground for the implementation of these principles in the family through policy-making, codification of laws and culture-building.

The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting the Couple's Marital Burnout based on Procrastination and Lifestyle in 2019-2020. The statistical population of the present study includes all couples living in Tehran in 2020. In a descriptive correlational study, 240 samples (120 couples) were selected by using the available sampling method and completed the Pinez's Marital Burnout Questionnaire (1996), the Tuckman's Procrastination Questionnaire (1991) and the Profile of Health Promotion Lifestyle (Walker, Sechrist & Pender, 1995). The results of Multivariate Regression Analysis indicated that there is a negative relationship between Lifestyle and Procrastination in couples. There is a significant positive and negative relationship between Marital Burnout with Procrastination and Lifestyle respectively in couples. Therefore, according to the results, it can be concluded that Procrastination and Lifestyle significantly predict the Couple's Marital Burnout. The findings of this study show the importance of Healthy Lifestyle in moderating the positive relationship between Marital Burnout and Procrastination.

Childbirth is one of the most important events in women's lives and a bridge for them to enter the maternal stage and accept a new role in the family. Due to the need to promote natural childbirth in the country, in this study, women's lived experience of the emotional link between wife and husband and successful natural delivery studied using the phenomenological methodology and in-depth interviews. Twelve participants were selected from among Tehran's first-born women by purposeful sampling. In this study, according to qualitative and phenomenological research, the sample size was determined based on the theoretical saturation criterion to achieve the research goal and lake of new information's appearance. The collected data analyzed by the Colaizzi method. This study's central theme is the spouse's emotional role in vaginal delivery, which is extracted from three sub-themes of the spouse's positive emotional attitude about natural childbirth, spouse's emotional participation during birth, and spouse's emotional protection after delivery. It seems that the emotional connection between husband and wife in this during can create a more pleasant experience of birth in women and increase women's desire for a natural birth. Indeed, Childbirth is a process that begins with the choice of the type of delivery, and it continues until the full recovery of women after childbirth. The emotional interaction of spouses plays an essential role in the passage of this stage and women's lived experience.