Psychology of Woman Journal
Volume:3 Issue: 3, Autumn 2022

Marital infidelity is a romantic relationship or emotional involvement that leads to a breakdown in the marital relationship commitment and the formation of some degree of emotional and physical intimacy with someone outside the relationship. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Couple Therapy Based on improving quality of Life on conflict resolution styles, marital satisfaction, and quality of life of couples with a history of marital infidelity. For this purpose, among couples with a history of marital infidelity referred to counseling centers in Ahvaz in 2019. Four couples entered the intervention phase. In this study, a single case experimental design of multiple baseline types was used. Couple therapy protocol based on improving quality of life was performed in two to four baseline stages, eight to ten sessions of intervention and two months of follow up. The couples responded to WHO’s Quality of Life Questionnaire, Rahim Conflict Resolution Styles Questionnaire (ROCI-II), and Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (1998). The rate of improvement in the post-treatment and follow-up phase in marital satisfaction in the post-treatment and follow-up phase was 44.76 and 45.85, in conflict resolution and 39.88 and 48.54, and in quality of life was 26.30 and 20.42. Therefore, this approach has been effective on treatment goals. By using this treatment, couples with marital infidelity can increase their quality of life and resolve their conflicts.

Considering that the quality of spouses' relationships is the basis of the health or illness of the individual, family and society, and research efforts can predict and control possible problems in this field. Therefore, in this study, survey of the sexual satisfaction and the prevalence of marital infidelity (online and sexual) in the Iranian population was investigated. The research method was descriptive-survey. The statistical population was all Iranian married men and women living in Iran, who were selected from this community and by multi-stage cluster sampling in four provincial capitals. Then according to Morgan's sampling table, a proportional number of participants were taken from each center of the province, and their total was 1208 participants. Finally, the participants were examined by answering some simple questions. Also, for experimenting and analyzing the data, after mixing and classification, the frequency technique was used. The results showed that 204 participants (17.3%) were not satisfied with their sexual relations with their spouses. Also, 189 participants (16 percent) reported online infidelity and 78 participants (6.6 percent) reported sexual infidelity by their spouse. In this study, only the amount of online and sexual infidelity that the spouses were aware of it, determined. Therefore, considering the importance of sexual satisfaction in consolidating the family structure and marital infidelity in its collapse, organizational planning by managers and mental health experts in the form of preventive and reformative programs seems necessary.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between physical appearance perfectionism and body image concern with the mediation role of appearance-based comparisons on Instagram. This study was a type of basic research that was done by correlation method. In this research, the statistical population was women aged 18 and over who used Instagram, and the sample size included 324 people who were selected in a convenience sampling method. The questionnaires used in this research were: Physical Appearance Perfectionism Questionnaire by Young and Stuber (2012), Body Image Concern Questionnaire by Littleton et al. (2005) and Sadeghzadeh et al. In order to analyze the research data, the results obtained from the Pearson correlation coefficients showed a positive and significant relationship between the research variables. Also, the results of the path analysis method showed that after correcting and removing the non-significant path of the hope to perfection component to body image concern in the initial model, the final model was confirmed with a very good fit (χ2/df=3.23, 08 RSMEA= 0.1, GFI= 0.95, AGFI= 1, CFI= 1.) Overall, it can be concluded that appearance-based comparisons on Instagram have played a significant mediating role in the relationship between physical appearance perfectionism and body image concern.

Considering the sensitivity during pregnancy for mother and baby, as well as the importance of investigating and controlling the consequences of thyroid gland dysfunction in pregnant women, the aim of this study is to compare psychological distress, emotional regulation difficulties and distress tolerance in pregnant women with and without thyroid gland disorders.

The research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population was all pregnant women who referred to Shariati Hospital and health centers in Bandar Abbas city, and from this population, 92 pregnant women with and without thyroid gland disorder were selected by purposive sampling method (46 participants with thyroid disorder and 46 participants without disorder). The research tools included: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (KPDS-10), Emotional Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS-36) and Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS-15). The method of data analysis was multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

The results showed that psychological distress and emotional regulation difficulties in pregnant women with thyroid gland disorders are significantly higher than pregnant women without thyroid gland disorders (p<0.01), and distress tolerance is less in them (p<0.05).

According to the results, educational and therapeutic plans, individually and in groups, for pregnant women with thyroid gland disorder, can be among the strategies of attention of health centers related to the health of pregnant women.

This study aimed to investigate the training of compassion-focused therapy on psychological distress and fear of negative evaluation in married women. The current research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research was women aged 20 to 45 years who were referred to psychological counseling and services centers under the supervision of the Isfahan welfare organization in 1400 due to marital problems and conflicts. Thirty female clients who had this problem based on the marital conflicts questionnaire of Sanaei, Barati, and Bustanipour (2008) were included in the study according to available sampling, and randomly, 15 people were placed in the experimental group, and 15 people were in the control group. Data collection tools were Sanai et al.'s Marital Conflicts Questionnaire, Leary's Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, and Kessler's Psychological Distress Questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26 software. In this research, multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to analyze the obtained data, check all hypotheses, determine the intervention's effect on the experimental group, and evaluate the difference in the scores of the two groups in the pre-test and post-test intervals. The results obtained from the research indicate that compassion-focused treatment training affects psychological distress and fear of negative evaluation in married women.

Narcissism is a personality disorder that is conceptualized as excessive self-love and manifests as a great sense of self, more entitlement, and superiority. Its prevalence is much higher in women than in men. This study aimed to investigate the prediction of depression based on emotional intelligence and critical thinking in women with a narcissistic personality disorder. The current research is part of applied research in terms of its purpose and correlational studies in terms of method. The statistical population included all women with narcissistic personality disorder referred to Nik Amal Psychotherapy Clinic in Tehran in 2021. 130 people were selected as a sample using the available sampling method. Ames Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire (2006), Beck Depression Questionnaire (1961), Schering Emotional Intelligence Test (1996), and California Critical Thinking Skills Test, Form B (1990) were implemented on them. Data analysis was done with correlation and regression tests using SPSS version 23 software. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered. The results showed that emotional intelligence and critical thinking have a negative and significant relationship with depression (P<0.01). Also, emotional intelligence explained 62% and critical thinking 45% of the variance of depression scores of women with a narcissistic personality disorder. Therefore, to reduce depression in women with narcissistic personality disorder, it is recommended to increase emotional intelligence and critical thinking.