نشریه سراج منیر
سال دهم شماره 38 (تابستان 1399)

The majority of Muslims, whether Sunni or Shia, maintain that we can seek intermediation from the saints after their departure from this world, relying on valid religious texts. But the Wahhabi believe that we must not seek intermediation from anyone except God. The following is their argue: firstly, there is no religious base for legalization this act. Secondly, this act is deifying other creatures and asking our requests from someone other than God. They believe that no one other than God can intermediate in human's affairs. And finally, intermediation is at the time of living and not after dying. Responding to these doubts, we can say that there is a far difference between asking intermediation from idols and God. In intermediation from idols, the idolaters did not believe in intermediation from idols but consider them as Gods which are independent from the God, while Muslims believe that the saint's power is given by God and calling the prophet is equal to calling the God itself. There are some narrations proving that asking intermediation was common both at the time of our Holy prophet and after his death.

The Wahhabi believe in the validity of companion's sayings and consider them as a source for extracting Islamic rules. Ibn Qayyim is one of the scholars that pertains to Wahhabi school and believes that all of the narrations of the Holy prophet's companions are Valid. In this essay, by an analytical – descriptive method the validity of the Holy prophet's companions is discussed and the results is as the following: although the companions were praised in the Holy Quran because of their faith and good deeds, it does not mean that all of their sayings and actions are valid. The narrations of companion are valid only if it narrates the Holy prophet's sayings. But if the companion says something that does not narrate the Holy prophet, it is not valid.

The Wahhabi maintain that the Muslims by asking intermediation from the dead resemble the polytheists and we can issue a fatwa for killing them. Since they consider the saints who are dead incapable of doing anything and have no supernatural power. The Wahhabi believe that the Muslims who seek intermediation from the saints are just like the pagans worshipping the idols and believe in a kind of partner for the God. Contrary to the Wahhabi, the Sunni scholars maintain that according to the Quranic verses, narrations and the conducts of the early Muslims, we can say that intermediation is recommended in Islam. In this essay by an analytic- descriptive method, a comparison will be made between the Wahhabi school of thought and the Sunni main stream in this issue. It seems that the Sunni view is opposite to the Wahhabi viewpoint and we can not call those seeking intermediation from the saints pagans and it is a wrong comparison, because the pagans were believing in the deity of the idols but the those seeking intermediation consider the saints as the God's agents, maintaining that we must only worship the God.

In this essay, A comparative study on the strategies of Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, Tunisia and Turkey is made. In Egypt, the Muslim Brotherhood is as the origin of this movement. in Turkey, the Muslim Brotherhood is considered as a movement that reached to the power and finally in Tunisia, the Muslim Brotherhood party acted as a successful current. That is why these countries were selected as an object of the study in this essay. The Muslim Brotherhood branches in these countries were studied and their common bounds and their differences were clarified. The main question in this essay is that which of these representatives of the Muslim Brotherhood were more successful and had a greater effect on Muslim world and in international level. As it was expected, at the end, it was cleared that none of these branches of the Muslim Brotherhood are effective, although they had a great capacity. The Muslim Brotherhood activities just boosted the secular rulers and imperialism, since the above-mentioned branches of Muslim Brotherhood were not successful because In Egypt, it did not get the power. In turkey, it acts as a secular party. In Tunisia, the Muslim Brotherhood distanced itself from the mottoes.