فصلنامه مطالعات اجتماعی - روان شناختی زنان
سال بیستم شماره 4 (پیاپی 73، زمستان 1401)

The emergence of social networks has led to a change in the paradigm of social communication in all aspects of human life. This study, while describing the influential space of these networks on women's economic life, seeks to examine the economic value of Instagram as an example of non-market goods within the framework of microeconomic concepts. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to estimate the Willingness to accept (WTA) female users in Tehran to avoid using Instagram for one month using One-and-one-half-bounded dichotomous choice (OOHB) method. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to estimate the Willingness to accept (WTA) female users to avoid using Instagram for one month using OOHB method. This study is classified in terms of fundamental purpose and terms the descriptive survey research method. The total volume of the sample was determined by the Michelle and Carson 384 formula and the 7 -price range of the proposed questionnaire was specified by Cooper. The results of this study showed that the minimum Willingness to accept users to not use Instagram for a month was 415474 Tomans'; Approximately the monthly welfare surplus equivalent will be 989 billion tomans. The study's results indicated that education variables, income, time of using Instagram, and budget to access the Internet had a positive and significant effect on women. The results also showed that the age variables and the head of the household had a negative and significant effect on the desire to receive female users.

The aim of this article is to study new fashionable clothing styles as a main field of struggle over the public body in public spaces. The theoretical constructs include concepts taken from the theoretical tradition of hegemony-resistance which analyses activities like body-building, body-representation, women’s defiance of dominant clothing rules and their tendency toward alternative fashions in the context of popular culture and as examples of struggles over the public body. The sample, young girls of Sanandaj, recruited through snowball-sampling strategy, reported their lived experiences of wearing fashionable clothing styles in urban public spaces via in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis and six key themes were found: the dual role of fashion in in exposing/ concealing of identity, choosing alternative fashion as a way to reject traditional dress codes, the role of fashion in reproducing the duality of distinction/ assimilation, using fashionable styles for representing personal prestige and openness, putting on fashion to seizing spaces, and the central role of fashion in the struggle over public/ private body. It was concluded that consuming fashionable clothing styles by young women create the possibility for developing multiple feminine agencies. Unlike the prevalent tendency to think about Islamic women’s embodied subjectivity as homogeneous, we found a kind of heterogeneity in appearance and bodily practices. This heterogeneity is what challenges and resists intended homogeneity of the dominant culture. In this sense, fashionable clothing styles are tools of resistance.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the mediating role of perceived social support from teacher in relation to dark tried personality, and social comparison with bullying behavior in females (average age: 16.82 and Sd: 1.04). The present research was descriptive-correlational and based on structural equation modeling. A total of 384 secondary school female students in Urmia were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method and responded the Illinois Bully Scale, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, Machiavellianism personality scale, Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, Perceived Social Support scale, Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure questionnaires. SPSS and Smart PLS software were used in order to analyze the conceptual model, test the research hypotheses, and statistical inference. The results of structural equation modeling confirmed the mediating role of perceived social support from teacher in the effect of Machiavellianism on bullying. Besides, the results revealed that the perceived social support from teacher could not play a mediating role between narcissism and bullying; Psychopathy and bullying; and social comparison and bullying. Based on the the findings, narcissism and Machiavellianism have a positive significant effect on bullying while Psychopathy has no effect on it. In addition, social comparison has a positive significant effect on bullying, but social support has a negative significant effect on bullying. According to the value obtained for GOF (0.370), a suitable and strong fit of the overall model was confirmed.

Postpartum depression as one of the most common postpartum disorders, by causing negative and destructive changes in the mother's mood and family environment, mother adjustment to the newborn and raising the child in a healthy relationship with the mother is very Disrupts; Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the mediating role of social loneliness on the relationship between immature defense mechanisms and postpartum depression. In a correlational study, among all postpartum women in Tehran, 227 women referred to Tehran health centers were selected by convenience sampling and they completed the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale, Andrews Defense Styles Questionnaire And colleagues and the Social loneliness Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test and structural equation modeling, and AMOS software and SPSS. The results showed that at the 95% confidence level of the structural model of the research, it has a good fit; Thus immature defense mechanisms have a positive indirect effect due to social loneliness on postpartum depression and they can increase the risk of this disorder.

One of the most important quantitative and qualitative changes in the contemporary family is the phenomenon of women's custody, which has a growing trend. In the framework of gender studies and with reference to the to the feminist theory approach, the article examines the causes and consequences of custody as a social issue. Methodologically, the study was conducted with the Grounded theory approach and using the research interview technique. The samples are divorced women in Marivan city. Using purposive sampling and theoretical sampling, 20 people were interviewed. The finding is based on a paradigm model and is analyzed by extracting 13 central categories in the data coding process. "Socio-legal determinism" and "maternal emotions" are categories that imply causal conditions. "Class status" and "spouse child" as contextual conditions; and "Marital disputes", "men's inability to pay for family expenses" and "domestic violence" play a role as interfering conditions. The consequences of custody are reflected in the categories of "increasing poverty", "role pressure", "dependence" and "feeling of abandonment". Finally, the women react to the situation with dual strategies of "despair" and "tolerance". "Despair" represents subjective confrontation and "tolerance" means the objective acceptance of the custody.

Pregnancy and being mother has been taken into account as an enjoyable and evolutionary event in the women's life, however, due to Physiological and Psychological changes; it can be associated with Anxiety and Depression. This study aimed to investigate the Mediating Role of Self-Compassion in the Relationship between Body Image and Severity of Anxiety and Depression in Pregnant Women. The research method was Non-Experimental and Correlational. The research population consisted of all pregnant women who were in their third trimester of pregnancy and referred to health centers of Tehran hospital for pregnancy care. A sample of 140 pregnant women was selected using convenience sampling from three Hospitals of Quds, Hedayat and Alghadir. To collect data, Neff Self-Compassion scale (2003), Pregnancy Related Anxiety Questionnaire (1990), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (1987) and Body Image in Pregnancy Scale (2017) were used. Pearson's correlation coefficient and Hayes PROCESS procedure extension in Regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results of Pearson's correlation showed that Body image had a significant positive correlation with the severity of Anxiety and Depression and self-compassion had a significant negative correlation with body image, anxiety and depression (P<0.01). The results of Multiple Linear Regression confirmed the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between body image and the severity of anxiety and depression in pregnant women (R2=0/33, P<0.01). According to the finding, it's recommended to pay serious attention to increasing self-compassion and reducing body image dissatisfaction in health care planning to improve the mental health of pregnant women.

Delinquency is one of the problems of adolescence that can cause disruption of social order and serious problems for the individual, family, and community, and several factors are involved in its occurrence. This study aimed to predict multidimensional delinquency based on emotional development and thought suppression and to investigate the role of gender moderation. The research method was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population included all high school students in Kashan in the academic year 2020-2021, of which 90 students were studied by the convenience sampling method. Data collection with multidimensional delinquency questionnaires (Sahami et al., 1396), emotional development (Singh and Bahargawa, 1974), and the White Bear Suppression Inventory (Wegner and Zanakas, 1994). Results of Simultaneous-entry regression analysis showed that both the variables of emotional development (β=0.45) and thought suppression (β=0.24) can predict multidimensional delinquency in adolescents. The role of gender in the relationship between emotional development and thought suppression and delinquency was also confirmed; This means that the effect of these two variables on delinquency is different in girls and boys, and in boys, it predicts 36% of thought suppression and 41% of emotional deprivation of delinquency, and in girls, it predicts 49% of delinquency. It should be noted that the thought suppression variable in the group of girls was not able to predict multidimensional delinquency. Finally, by taking advantage of these results and providing training on strengthening emotional development and adaptive strategies to deal with stress, a big step can be taken to reduce delinquency in adolescents.