Journal of Medicinal and Chemical Sciences
Volume:6 Issue: 5, May 2023

Dental impression can be contaminated through contact with patient's saliva, blood, or plaque and cross-contamination is avoided by disinfecting impression materials. Nevertheless, the disinfectants may affect the wettability and surface roughness qualities. This study aimed to investigate how the wettability and surface roughness of polyether impression material changed after being immersed in two disinfectants (2% glutaraldehyde for 10 min and 200 ppm hypochlorous acid for 15 min.). 60 polyether dental impression material specimens (Monophase Impregum, 3MESPE, Germany) were randomly categoried into three test groups of ten specimens for each test. A ring mold with a diameter of 30 mm and a thickness of 6 mm was used to prepare the specimens. The specimens were submerged in two disinfection solutions: 2% glutaraldehyde and 200 ppm hypochlorous acid. The control group did not get any disinfection. The wettability of the specimens was determined by measuring the contact angle with a Goniometer, while surface roughness was determined using a digital Profilometer. The data were submitted to a 5% variance significance analysis threshold. The results of this study show that wettability and surface roughness of polyether impression material indicate a non-significant difference as compared with the control group (P>0.05). Within the study's limits, 2% glutaraldehyde showed safe for 10 minutes of immersion disinfection, whereas immersion in 200 ppm hypochlorous acid for 15 minutes shows promise as an efficient disinfectant without compromising the polyether's wettability or surface roughness.

Quality of life is a relative term. The relevance of it changes as per the situation. The present paper tried to capture different aspects of QoL in the case of breast cancer patients of rurban (rural and urban) investor communities in the study area. The study was undertaken to understand the impact quality of life of breast cancer survivors in rurban areas of Odisha, India, to understand whether any difference of opinion exists among different age groups in the rurban areas considered for the study and contributing to the prevailing literature. The entire data were captured under three constructs such as physical health, mental health, and the impact of spirituality on breast cancer patients for improving the survivors’ quality of life. The results found that most respondents opined that fatigue, sleeping problem, anxiety, body pain, fear of uncertainty, and weakness were the most common issues faced by the BC survivors. It was also observed that the medical support is more for urban BC patients than rural ones. At the same time, there is a more positive mindset for the rural patients compared to the urban respondents in the study areas.

Our interest in this area has been to employ organic synthesis methods to prepare new resorcinol derivatives with high yields. The precursor material has been used to prepare di-substituted molecule pharmaceutical compounds by reacting with acetic acid and zinc dichloride as catalysts at the first step. At second step reaction the product with chloro acetic acid using the sodium hydroxide to converting the carboxyl group in the last product to an acid chloride by SOCl2. The acid chloride was then dissolved in DCM and reacted with four amino drugs (Sulfadiazine, Theophylline, Paracetamol, and 4-amino antipyrine) to produce the new preparative compounds. All the organized compounds have been characterized with the aid of using FT-IR, and 1H-NMR. The physical properties of the synthesized compounds have been additionally decided, and their solubility in distinctive solvents. A theoretical investigation is done to prove the nature of the acylation reaction of resorcinol through the suggestion of three different transition states. Three suggested transition states are examined for the most probable pathway of the acylation reaction. The calculation proves that the acylation reaction is done through the para position of aromatic ring with high yield present than other positions.

N terminal pro B type Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) is an inactive pro-hormone that is used as a biomarker to evaluate our heart’s condition. It is secreted due to stretching of venctricles. Increment of NT-proBNP levels usually signifies worse cardiac condition. NT-proBNP has been also used to assess the other indirect conditions that have an impact on cardiomyocytes such as sepsis and dehydration. NT-proBNP is one of the functional cardiac markers that could be used as one of the markers in critical condition patients to measure cerebral perfusion and venous congestion. The better and the sooner understanding about NT-proBNP could help intensivists for relating with sepsis condition, resuscitation, and volume overload and prevent the multi organ failure. 30 unconscious intensive care unit (ICU) patients with various sources of infection and sepsis as a working diagnosis from q-SOFA criteria were selected. All of the patients were intubated with mechanical ventilation and oxygenation. The blood sample was taken from the jugular vein to measure NT-proBNP, haemoglobin, procalcitonin and frontal rSO2 are measured by using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. The collected data include central venous pressure and mean arterial pressure. Significant correlation between NT-proBNP and other markers such as, haemoglobin (p=0.001), right rSO2 (p=0.001), left rSO2 (p=0.001), and mean arterial pressure (p=0.001). NT-proBNP result also has a correlation with procalcitonin (p=0.011) and central venous pressure (p=0.011). NT-proBNP has a correlation with the other markers, such as procalcitonin, as one of the sepsis markers, haemoglobin, mean arterial pressure, and central venous pressure as components of delivery oxygen, and rSO2 as the recent brain oxygenation parameter that has been used. NT-proBNP definitely could be developed in the future as a useful marker in critical condition patients to support the primary organ sepsis patients in the intensive care unit.

Silybum marianum is a primitive compound mixture that has pharmaceutical and pharmacological activities. Studies have highlighted the role of Silybum marianum in treating candidiasis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vivo anticandidal and ulcer healing capacity of Silybum marianum-extract. Silybum marianum was prepared in aqueous extract which showed a positive result for the presence of four phytochemical compounds. In vitro anticandidal effect was reported for the extract against Candida albicans ATCC 7012. Animals were partitioned into three; group I treated with distilled water (negative control), group II treated with oral Silybum marianum-extract and group III treated with oral fluconazole (positive control). Treatment protocol was carried out for 7 days, then rats of three groups were sacrificed for histology and microbiology assessment. Silybum marianum-extract demonstrated a beneficial eradicating activity on C. albicans comparable to that of fluconazole and in enhancing ulcer healing rate (ulcer length: 810 µm vs 381.77 µm of negative control group and extract-treated group, respectively). Silybum marianum may be suggested as an alternative or an adjuvant therapy to standard existing drugs used for treatment of oral candidiasis.

The unique biomaterial multi-component Ti-Mo-xY (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt. percent) alloys were created as a way to improve the mechanical characteristics and lessen the biomaterials’ toxicity for implants to create new biomaterials for implant applications. This study aims to look at how adding yttrium (Y) changes the alloy's microstructure and mechanical characteristics. Through the use of powder metallurgy, Ti-Mo-xY (x = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt. percent) alloys are created. Atmospheric pressure high-purity argon gas is used to sinter the metals. The Brinell hardness tester was used for the hardness test, and optical, scanning, and scanning electron microscopes were used to characterize the microstructure. Ti-Mo-xY (x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 wt. percent) alloys tested hardness at 405.33, 435.76, and 510.05 HB, respectively. Ti-Mo-xY alloys with the enhanced compressive strength had values of 17.82, 18.04, and 18.14 MPa (where x = 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 weight percent). The yttrium addition can significantly improve the mechanical properties of powder-metallurgical Ti alloys. Its cause may be related to the removed oxygen from the matrix and the strengthening action of Y oxides.

The new 1,3-Oxazepine derivatives (IVa-d) were manufactured from the response of N-Arylhydrazone (III) based on Mefenamic acid with various cyclic carboxylic acid anhydrides such as (succinic, maleic, phthalic, and 3-nitrophthalic) anhydride by using dry benzene under reflex via (2+5) cycloaddition reaction. These compounds 1,3-Oxazepine (IV) were obtained via a four-steps- sequence reactions in good yields. Condensation reaction of mefenamic acid with chloroacetyl chloride to give 2 -[2-chloro-N-(2,3-dimethylphenyl) acetamido] benzoic acid (I), which on amination with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol to give a corresponding acid hydrazid (II). The acid hydrazide was used as the starting materials on condensation with syringe aldehyde afforded newly N-Arylhydrazone (III) in a good yield. Finally, the later compound reacted with different type of acid anhydrides to get new derivatives of 1,3-Oxazepine. The new compounds were characterized by using FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the potential antibacterial activities for the certain compounds were investigated by using three species of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Escherichia coli which most of the target derivatives have exhibited a good efficacy compared with ampicillin (as antibacterial). Besides the cytotoxic effect by using various concentrations of the derivatives (IVc) and (IVd) were assessed by human breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), which have been exhibited a high effect on the concentration of 400 μl/ml with IC50 =80.20 and IC50=82.80. A tiered approach to investigate the toxicity utilized mice to estimate its acute toxicity and the result confirmed the non-toxicity of these compounds.

Chronic infections of the periodontium brought on by harmful bacteria are known as periodontal diseases. Several factors, both local and systemic, contribute to the onset and development of periodontal infections. Dental plaque and plaque retentive areas, such as dental calculus, and faulty restorations, are examples of the local variables. Neglected diabetes mellitus and chronic cigarette use are examples of the systemic risk factors. The aim of this study was to evalulate the effect of patient related factors on periodontal condition. The accessible periodontal records were reviewed retrospectively for this cross-sectional investigation. Name, occupation, and primary complaint (C/P) are only some of personal and demographic details that could be gleaned from these files. Dentist visits; tooth brushing, tooth brushing technique, brushing frequency, health records, tooth mobility, routines, and additional clinical parameters such as clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing pocket depth (PPD), and the gingival index (GI) are all measures of how much gum tissue has been lost. Both chronic gingivitis (CG) and chronic periodontitis (CP) were noted as diagnoses. There were variations in the clinical parameters, chief complain, and occupation of males and females according to the age groups. There was an increasing of periodontal diseases in old age. Periodontal diseases are more common in males more than females. The mobility of teeth and furcation involvement increase in sever periodontis in old age. There are many local patient related factors that affect the periodontal condition. Periodontal diseases were found more in males than females. In addition, there were more periodontal diseases in old than young patients.

Two simple, sensitive, and accurate spectrophotometric methods are described to determine terbutaline sulfate in pure and pharmaceutical formulations. They are primarily based totally on the oxidation of Terbutaline sulfate with Fe(III) in the medium of nitric acid and the resulting Fe(II) subsequent chelation with 1,10-phenanthroline (1,10-Phen) in method A and with 2,2´-bipyridyl (2,2’-bipy) in method B. The resulting color chromogens were measured at 510 and 522 nm in the above methods, respectively. The two methods A and B were obeyed Beer's law in the ranges of 0.1 - 2.0 and 0.1 - 1.2 μg mL-1 with molar absorptivity values of 2.44 × 105 and 3.27 × 105 L mol-1. cm-1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values were found ≤5.53% and ≤ 3.15%, respectively. The reaction mechanisms have been established. The suggested methods were applied successfully for the assay of Terbutaline sulfate in its commercial formulations as syrup and tablet and the obtained results were compared statistically with the official method.

Walnut shell (WS) powder and eggshell (Eg) powder were grounded and sieved using a 75 µm hole diameter sieve. Both WS and Eg powders were characterized by SEM and IR technologies, and their adsorption capacity was tested towards Methylene blue dye (MB). The tested parameters for MB removal efficiency (RE) were contact time, initial dye concentration, and temperature. It was found that RE of 20 mg/L MB equaled 65.86% after 10 min and 64.82 % after 30 min in the presence of WS and Eg, respectively. For 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/L of MB, RE using WS equalled to 65.87%, 71%, 71.8%, 72% and 72.34 respectively. However, using Eg, RE for the same concentrations of MB was noticed to be 60.01%, 55.23%, 51.62%, 46.01%, and 44.52%, respectively. At varing temperatures, for 20 mg/L of MB, the RE was 69.34%, 72.5%, 69.44%, and 69.85% at 25, 35, 45, and 55°C on order using WS powder. While at the same temperatures, RE was 64.21%, 65.21%, 65%, and 64%, respectively, using Eg powder. It can be concluded that WS powder has shown greater adsorption capacities towards MB than Eg powder.

A high number of sepsis patients demand all health institutions to provide adequate treatment and management. Several therapeutic agents are developed as adjuvants for handling sepsis cases. Ascorbic acid and thiamine are the potential to be intensively studied for their benefits in decreasing the sepsis rate. This is a retrospective cohort analytic research carried out at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. Blood tests are conducted at the Integrated Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara. This research is conducted for 12 months. There are 147 septic patients divided into four groups (NaCl, thiamine, ascorbic acid, and combined groups). The parameters measured are the enzymes of MMP-9 of TIMP-1. A propensity score analysis is performed to obtain homogeneous patients. There are 25 patients within each group. It can be seen that the combination of ascorbic acid and thiamine on the incidence rate performs an odds ratio of 1.19 (0.37-3.8) at 95% CI. However, a single administration of ascorbic acid can significantly reduce the incidence rate by 0.4 times and 0.67 times in the thiamine single group compared with the control group. In the combination of ascorbic acid and thiamine to the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio, the odds ratio is 0.34 (0.09-1.30) at 95% CI. The administration of single ascorbic acid and thiamine alone can also reduce the MMP-9/TIMP-1. Meanwhile, the combination of ascorbic acid and thiamine on SOFA scores results in an odds ratio of 2.66 (0.85-8.36) at 95% CI. For single ascorbate and single thiamine, each performs 1.38 (0.45-2, 24) and 1.17 (0.38-3.83) at 95% CI. Combination therapy of vitamin C and thiamine does not improve treatment outcomes. Thiamine and ascorbate alone showed better benefits compared with the combination therapy viewed from the incidence rate, MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio, and SOFA score.

Heterogeneous organic compounds play an important role in our daily life as they contribute in many medical and industrial fields and are in continuous development as a result of the preparation of new derivatives with different properties. From this premise, the goal of this work appears, which is preparation of (four, five, six, and seven) membered ring systems derived from furfural, by its reaction with different aromatic aldehydes, and record their antioxidant activity by using free radical scavenging method of DPPH radicals. The new ring systems are synthesized by reacting the prepared Schiff-bases with different ring closure agents (chloroacetyl chloride, mercaptoaceticacid, anthranilic acid, and phthalic anhydride), the prepared compounds were characterized by measuring their melting points and recording their infrared spectra in addition to the NMR spectra for some of them, the recorded results for some derivatives were higher when comparing them with ascorbic acid as a drug because these compounds have electrons that are able to terminate the free radicals that cause the oxidation process.

This study is the first in the Al-Anbar governorate with this design aim to the detection of Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by using RT-PCR. A total of (70) samples were obtained from women18 years of age and over, with or without symptoms of genital tract infection, randomly collected and carried out intermittently in Al-Anbar province between march 2020 and January 2021.  STIs bacteria were detected by Real-time PCR. Out of 70 samples with or without symptoms of genital tract infection for STDs, bacteria detection using real-time PCR technique. The results were 36 (51%) and 34 (48.5%), negative and positive, respectively. The results revealed four genera of sexually transmitted bacteria causative agents of sexually transmitted diseases. These included bacteria from Ureaplasma parvum that accounted for the highest percentage of infections with sexually transmitted diseases, with (20) 28% of 34 (48.5%) positive results. Although Mycoplasma genitalium, was the lowest at (2) 2.8%, detecting two other bacteria including Chlamydia trachomatis, was identified with a rate of (6) 8.5%, and Mycoplasma hominis bacteria was identified with the same percentage. The results supported the need for greater STI prevention knowledge. Seven STI pathogens were successfully identified in our research population using the real-time PCR approach. The Mycoplasma genitalium pathogen had the lowest detection rates compared to the typically high Ureaplasma parvum pathogen detection rates.

One of the crucial responsibilities of pharmacists is to provide Iraqi people with safe and effective medicines. Quality control tests have been performed to ensure that these medicines could meet acceptable standards of quality, efficacy, and safety. Paracetamol is an analgesic medication that is used very frequently; thus, this study aimed to quality evaluate different brands of paracetamol 500 mg tablets marketed in Iraq, four brands of paracetamol tablets were used in the study obtained from private pharmacies. The selected paracetamol tablets were evaluated using standardized quality tests such as: weight variation, drug. Content uniformity, tablets hardness test, tablets friability, disintegration test, and dissolution test. The tablets were assessed to check if they conform with the specifications of United States Pharmacopeia (USP). From the analysis of the results, it was observed that the weight variation showed an acceptable range. drug content in all selected paracetamol tablets was found between96.8%-101.2%; it was within the specified 85%-115% standard range. Friability tests showed that all selected tablets were within USP’s 1% mass loss limits. Doliprane and Neomol showed comparatively acceptable limits of hardness. All tablets disintegrated were within a time limit of less than 15 minutes. Additionally, an in vitro release study of the drug in 0.1 N HCl (pH 1.2) and phosphate buffer (Ph 6.8) exceeded 90% after 75 min. The FT-IR study showed that the main characteristic bands of FT-IR spectra for the active ingredient (paracetamol) were found in all-selected tablets and the FT- IR spectra of pure drug. This study concluded that all selected Paracetamol tablets were met pharmacopeial standards.

This study aimed to demonstrate the biosynthetic process of iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) by using extracellular components produced by environmental isolates of Lactobacillus plantarum as reducing and stabilizing agents studied in the laboratory of the university of Baghdad. Add 1 g of iron sulfate to 10 mL of extracellular nanoparticles for synthesis. Biosynthetic Fe2O3 nanoparticles have broad application prospects in catalysis, biosensing, anticancer, and biomedicine. Optimal conditions for synthesizing Fe2O3 were investigated using UV-VIS, AFM, XRD, FT-IR, and FE-SEM techniques. The UV-VIS wavelength of NPs within the nanoclusters. Susceptibility testing of P. aeruginosa showed resistance to tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime, and chloramphenicol, whereas sensitive to Amikacin, Norfloxacin, Meropenem, and Ciprofloxacin and the effect of Fe2O3 NPs from extracellular component on bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa on an inhibition zone 18 mm.

A simple, sensitive method for simultaneous quantifying of lisinopril in the presence of losartan in its pure form and pharmaceutical formulations in tablet form by using UV-Vis spectrophotometric. This method depends on the first spectrum derivative utilization zero intersection, the summit to foundation line, and the summit of area measurement. A Linearity was used for a range of drugs, lisinopril concentrations 2-16 µg/mL and losartan concentrations 2-14 µg/mL in the mixture. The correlation coefficients of lisinopril in the presence of losartan (8 μg/mL) using peak to baseline 0.9980, 0.99674, and peak area 0.99944 but the correlation coefficients of losartan in the presence of lisinopril 6 μg/mL utilization peak to baseline 0.9997, 0.9984, 0.9994 and peak area 0.9972, 0.9952. The limits of detection (LOD) of 0.0125 µg/mL for lisinopril and losartan were measured by this method. Determination of precision and accuracy by measuring Relative Standard Deviation (RSD %) whose value is less than 4 % and Recovery% (Rec. %) of acceptable value. The method showed success in the direct estimation of each of the two drugs, lisinopril and losartan, in the presence of the other in pure form and pharmaceutical formulations in tablet form.

Geopolymer is one of the newly promising materials with potential comprehensive implementation. Its parameters can affect its synthesis and mechanical performance, and accordingly influence the area of geopolymer applications. The type and concentration of alkaline activators is a powerful parameter that activate geopolymerization. In the following study, metakaolin was used as a source for aluminum and silicate. The aim of this study is to optimize the mole fraction effect of NaOH to KOH as mixed alkaline activators on the hardness and compressive strength of the geopolymer paste. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were used as a mixed alkaline activator in 9 mole ratios from 0.1up to 0.9, while keeping the ratio of NaOH and KOH to aluminum content is 1:1of the final geopolymer formula. The other parameters were fixed like the silica/alumina ratio is equal to 3.8, the alkaline hydroxide to alkaline silicate is 3.02. The results showed that the best mole ratio was 0.3NaOH + 0.7KOH which gave the highest compressive strength and optimum hardness around 62.85MPs and 78.21VHN, respectively. It can be inferred that the metakaolin based geopolymer compressive strength can be modified by the type of used alkaline elements. The strength of the geopolymer can increase by increasing the amount of KOH related to NaOH up to 0.7 KOH + 0.3 NaOH. After this ratio, the compressive strength decreased. The effect of the little amount of Na element has vanished from the effect of the other K element.

One of the common clinical manifestations in patients with chronic liver disease is the symptom of pruritus which has been reported in about 80 to 100 %. In a subset of patients, nearly 10 to 20 %, the symptom becomes refractory and can lead to depression, inability to sleep, and even suicidal attempts. Aim of the study: The aim of the current study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of sertraline in treatment of pruritus associating chronic liver disease, diabetes mellitus, and atopic dermatitis.Patients and Sertraline was given at dose (75-100 mg/day) to all enrolled patients for 12 weeks. During this period patients were followed up for side effects. The highest rate was seen in chronic liver disease, patients followed by diabetes mellitus, and then by atopic dermatitis. Comparison of rate of satisfactory response among the study groups revealed no significant difference between chronic liver disease group and diabetes mellitus group (p = 0.643). Whereas, the rate was significantly higher in patients with chronic liver disease in comparison with control group (p = 0.033). Sertraline is an efficient and safe pharmacological agent for relief of pruritus not only in patients with chronic liver disease, in whom it has the best rate of satisfactory response, but also in other disorders such as diabetes mellitus and to a lesser extent atopic dermatitis.

In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in Wuhan, China from a cluster of severe pneumonia cases. The virus and the disease it causes (COVID-19) have now spread globally and are responsible for an ongoing pandemic that has claimed hundreds of thousands of lives. Participants in the study might be either sexed and could be of any ages. A Google form-created electronic questionnaire was used to collect the data. The participants in the research should have COVID-19 virus infection. To determine the severity and duration of infection, the fear state of the affected people, and knowledge of health issues caused by this virus, a study was conducted on people who had contracted COVID-19. This study included the healthy people and those who suffered from chronic diseases (diabetes type 1, diabetes type 2, blood pressure, respiratory diseases, and heart diseases). There is a correlation between age and infected Covid-19. Our results suggest that more attention is needed to be paid to the elderly patients with a chronic disease.

Lidocaine is one of the medications that is proposed as an alternative in acute pain management. Lidocaine is routinely used in topical and dental anesthesia and is known for its analgesic effects. But various evidences are proposing an intravenous administration of lidocaine for pain management; while in acute limb pain, its safety, and efficacy are not reviewed yet. In this review study, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and EMBASE were quarried for studies on an acute traumatic limb injury pain treated with intravenous lidocaine. Critical Appraisal Skills Program and GRADEpro tools were used to critically evaluate the collected literature based on the evidence-based approach. Recommendations were synthesized based on the highest levels of evidence.  Eleven studies were included in the review. While some studies were showing effective analgesic properties of intravenous lidocaine for pain relief in extremities when compared with conventional opioids, the ‎high rate of Adverse Events (AEs) reported in some studies and the need for a close observation of patients for major side effects restrict clinical application of the systemic lidocaine. ‎ Blood lidocaine level studies are required but are missing in the literature. ‎Post-operative outcomes of limb trauma patients who receive lidocaine are not clear. The AEs’ monitoring is not followed during the hospitalization or after discharge. Systematic review and meta-analyses on the topic are heterogeneous due to different indications of intravenous lidocaine administration.  Our systematic review of literature could draw the conclusion of cautions on high dose intravenous lidocaine administration due to potential side effects and unclear outcomes.

In this research, chalcone, cyclic pyrazole, and oxo-pyrimidine compounds were prepared from the reaction of start material 2-amino pyridine with bromo phenacyl bromide constituted in the first step 2(4-bromo phenyl) imidazole (1,2-a) pyridine compound (1). In the following step, compound (1) was treated with 4-amino acetophenone in the presence formaldehyde giving Mannich base (2). In the third step compound (3) condensed with aromatic aldehydes under cross aldol reaction to give the new chalcones from 3A to 3E. In the last step, chalcone derivatives were cyclized by hydrazine hydrate and urea compounds for giving pyrazole and oxo-pyrimidine rings (4A-4E), (5A-5E), respectively. All the prepared compounds were subjected to FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopies, and also, they were evaluated as antioxidant.

The current study aimed to evaluate the role and gene target of miR-126 in Iraqi patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and atherosclerosis (AS). By coverage average age (35 to 65) years old of both genders, a total of 40 patients with CAD and 40 healthy people as a control group were enrolled in this clinical study. The blood samples of patients were taken from Ibn Al-Bitar Diagnostic Center for Heart Surgery in Baghdad/Iraq in December 2020 to April 2021. Overall, the CAD patients had significantly higher (except HDL) total lipid profile (total chol., total Trig., LDL, and VLDL, age, and IL6 levels). Statistically no significant correlation was found between miRNA-126 and lipid parameters in all studied subject. The correlation was found between Triglycerides and his-Troponin (r=-0.521, pv=0.032). The ROC analysis of mRNA126 at UAC 0.976 had sensitivity of (0.80) and 1-specificity of (0.60) were total area under the curve = 759, pv=0.005; that means miRN-126 can be used as a screening test for CAD. Thus, miR126 can be considered as a biomarker on CAD in patient.

An autoimmune condition known as Alopecia areata (AA) affects the hair follicles and any part of the body with hair that results in patches of noncicatricial hair loss. This study was designed to investigate the role of IL-15 as inflammatory marker and determine the correlation of IL 15 with progression of Alopecia areata. This study was done at the dermatology private clinic. Case study included (45 clinically diagnosed patients and 45 healthy controls); with age ranges of 5-59 years old from different geographic areas in Iraq. IL-15 and was done by using ELISA. The results showed that the age group (21-30) years old have a high percentage 33.3% of male and age group < 10 years old have a high percentage 30.3% of female patients with no significant levels P> 0.05. The concentration of IL15 in Alopecia patients vs. the healthy persons have a slightly elevated according to control group, with high significant relation (P< 0.05). This study concludes that the circulating levels of IL-15 marker were elevated in patients with AA.

The current study designated to evaluate Gray scale Ultrasound (US) parameters of the lymphomatous cervical lymph nodes (CLN) in Hodgkinʼs, Non Hodgkinʼs lymphoma (HL and NHL) patients, and normal CLN in normal control group, 92 CLN in 50 patients newly diagnosed with HL and NHL and 29 normal CLN in 25 healthy persons. (US) parameters including shape, echo pattern, fatty hilum, nodal border, cystic necrosis, coagulation necrosis and internal calcification, homogeneity, site of involvement, and status to the adjacent tissue of lymph nodes were noted. The shape (round), fatty hilum (absent), homogeneity (homogenous), lymph node status (matted), and echogenic pattern (reticular) presented with significant relationship (Si) that segregate NHL and HL in contrast to control group, cystic necrosis (present) presented with (Si) that segregate NHL in contrast to control groups with (Si) relation toward HL group, nodal border (regular) presented with (Si) in NHL in contrast to control group with no significant (NS) relationship with leftover groups, with (68.9%) in HL to be informative hyperechoic echogenic pattern presented with (Si) in control group in contrast to NHL, HL groups. The other parameters such as site of involvement, coagulation necrosis, internal calcification, and hypoechoic and isoechoic echogenic pattern presented with (NS) relation among studied groups. Gray-scale US parameters outcome round shape, absent Hilum, homogenous architecture, lymph node status (matted), and reticular echo pattern were a strong clinical diagnostic features in lymphomatous CLN that predict occurrence of NHL, HL, with more presented matted lymph nodes in NHL than HL group. Cystic necrosis (present) was strong clinical indicator for the NHL occurrence prediction.

Sepsis is a type of systemic inflammatory disease caused by polymicrobial infection. To investigate the potential reno-protective benefits of cilostazol during sepsis-induced renal injury, forty male albino Swiss mice, 25 to 30 grams in weight and 8 to 12 weeks old, were employed in the present investigation. Both food and water were freely available to these animals. Mice were separated into the following four groups after two weeks of adaption. (n = 10): (1) Healthy group: apparently normal mice. (2) induced group: mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture operation. (3) DMSO group: mice received DMSO as a vehicle (4) cilostazol group: Cilostazol was administered intraperitoneally to mice for five days in a row at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day. Compared to the CLP group, the cilostazol group showed a significantly (p<0.05) lower amount of NGAL in the kidneys. Additionally, compared to the CLP group, the cilostazol group showed a substantial (p0.05) decline in the levels of serum of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, & Interleukin-6). Additionally, compared to the CLP group, the cilostazol group had a significantly (p<0.05) increased renal SOD activity and decreased MDA level. Histologically, all animals in the CLP group displayed a substantial level of kidney tissue damage (p<0.05), whereas the cilostazol group displayed a significantly diminished level of kidney tissue injury. Their capacity to lower serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) has an anti-inflammatory impact. Additionally, they have an antioxidant impact by raising renal SOD activity and lowering renal MDA levels.