International Journal of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Science
Volume:8 Issue: 2, Spring 2019

Economic Value Added is one of the most useful measures for managers’ performance evaluation. Another economical criterion used for distinguishing between company’s market value and invested capital in the company is market value added. In this paper it has been tried to study the relationship between economic value added with liquidity and returns of listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange. For this purpose we have a sample of 510 companies who have been present in exchange market during the years of 2005-2010. The companies selected for our sample are those which their financial statements are available for the mentioned period, their fiscal year hasn’t been changed during the above mentioned period, the end of their fiscal year is the same, i.e. the last month of each year in Iran and their stock have been traded during the mentioned years. With application the above mentioned conditions the number of research sample reduces to 98 companies. Liquidity and returns are dependent research variables, economic value added is independent variable and controlled variables include company size and the ratio of book value to market value of equity. In this paper the regression model has been used. The results of the research indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between economic added value and stock liquidity. Also there is a significant and positive relationship between economic added value and returns. Finally the results indicate that there is a significant difference in the relationship between economic added value with liquidity in listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange and returns.

Symbolism has been widely present in modern literature and poetry including the poetry after revolution. However, different poets have used symbolism, this magic element of literary imagination, in various ways and there are no exact researches related to symbolism. So, the present researcher decided to present the image of poetry of revolution and this way, investigated the amount of creativity and innovation of the poets in this period of time. The present research investigates the symbols and symbolism in terms of meaning and context. Some poets such as Hamid Sabzevari, Mohammad Ali Damghani and Ali Mousavi Garmaroodi have shown the national and myths symbols in terms of historical patterns specially history of sacred war period. Other poets such as Nasorallah Mardani, Alireza Ghazve, Abdull Jabar Kkaie, Gheysar Aminpour, Parviz Beigi habib abadi and Fateme Rakeiee have widely used symbols of mystic, literary, and entered the emotional aspects of war and investigated its reflection in cultural space of the society. Some people like Ahmad azizi and Bidelvare have used the symbols in their piece and finally someone like Seyed Hasan Hosseini have shown a different style by employing symbols as irony.

Mythology as one of imagination tools and also as one of the most significant elements of rhetoric has been used since the early usher of Persian poetry, though with its own ups and downs. Mythology has a different and significant role compared to previous ages especially during the first decade of Islamic Revolution (Sacred defense period). Since the analysis and investigation of this role has not been written yet, the present research tries to investigate translate and metaphoric roles through a simple and systematic design. In addition, it presents the position and statue of the poets who are in line with Islamic Revolution. In this paper, it is also shown that: poets and orators of the period are not at the same level due to the experience and creativity and   qualitative and quantitative efficiency of the myths. Some reach this level through recreating old patterns and integrating them with historical samples in a splendid language which is an integration of modern expression and Khorasani (a category of Urdu). Some others put a step forward and narrated some value symbols (abstract or conceptual) of their passionate history. Finally, a group of poets did not implement this magic element of imagination and their poetic symbols lack the visionary ambiguities of mythology.

One result of organizational learning is to gain competitive advantage. In the current status that all organizations facing the Intense competition and ongoing changes in market requirements, having the sustainable competitive advantage is critical and applying the appropriate leadership style of management is one of tools to gain competitive advantage for today's organizations manager. Given the importance of the purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between leadership style and organizational learning, in addition to its role in mediating the prospects are assessed. Research population, includes Managers, principals and teachers of schools in the Jafarabad. Data collected from the questionnaire used in this study. After the pre-test questionnaire and ensure high reliability (Cronbach's alpha 0.97) 160 questionnaires were distributed and collected from Jafarabad school on October 2013 and  SPSS software  is used in order to analysis the data. Pearson correlation coefficient and ANOVA analysis were used to test the hypotheses. The results of this research indicate that leadership style has a direct effect and indirect effect on organizational learning and between leadership style with vision and vosion with organizational learning and Also there is a significantly positive relationship between leadership style and organizational learning.

The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of organizational determinants  on export performance exporters of Ardabil Province. The purpose of this research and applied research in terms of research method is descriptive  analytical. The questionnaire used to collect data for this study has been after Localization and ensure high reliability of the questionnaires was distributed. The study population included all exporters of Ardebil that the number 226 has been issued and using a sample of 138 Morgan was issued. For the analysis of the data is used spss19 software in two parts of descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression results indicate that Variables of export performance with firm size and, export experience and commitment export are related positive and significant relationship with dependent variable of export performance And also the results of multivariate regression shows that the export commitment variable has the greatest impact on export performance.

The final stage of all activities in marketing is to supply the need desires of consumers therefore, attention to the market of consumption and paying consumers behavior in choosing and as a important parameter in marketing and also a series of comprehensive and programmed studies and investigations must be done in order to meet their various and different needs. Product packaging, as a stimulus, is one of parameters which can affect consumer’s purchase behavior and lead them to show purchase reaction. it is packaging that can finally lead a purchaser to purchase or quite purchasing this study is a descriptive are which has been done with the non-parametric kruskal wallis test and X2 test. And the statistic population of this research includes 150 people from final customers of packed dates in moghan. Data collection in this study was through questionnaire and data has been also put into analysis with Kruskal-wallis and X2 tests. Results from this research show that protective packaging. Structure (weight, physical shape, type and dimension) has been a significant relationship with consumers purchase behavior.

Hundreds of thousands and perhaps millions of riyals are spent each year for heating and cooling homes and workplaces. Globally, buildings are responsible for approximately 40-45 percent of the total world annual energy consumption. Most of this energy is used for the provision of lighting, heating, cooling and air conditioning. The severity of the climatic conditions in the period considered and the rapid development and increased affluence of recent last decades are among the contributing factors. In particular, much research is focused on thermal energy storage due to heat transfer between the building envelope and the surrounding environment, in order to predict the rate of heat transfer and to develop minimisation strategies. However, the design and construction of modern residential buildings, which are heavily reliant on electrical systems for control of the internal built environment, are causing greater concern. Also, most of the environmental pollution caused by fossil energy are used that feeling the need to make use of alternative energy and efforts to minimize the energy dissipation. As a result, local attention is focused on improving energy efficiency for residential buildings. Among the various components of the building envelope, windows require a careful design because much of the heat dissipation occurs there. Windows are responsible for a disproportionate amount of unwanted heat gain and heat loss between buildings and the environment. Solar heat gain plays a major role in determining the thermal performance of a building and increasing or decreasing solar gains can be of crucial importance in design problems. Energy efficient windows should minimize thermal losses as well as air leaks; this is achieved in practice by a combination of different technical solutions, such as multi-layer glazing, low thermal conductivity gas fills, painted glass surfaces, low-emission coatings, edge spacers, and frame materials. An optimal window design with a suitable glazing compound can considerably reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning systems in the residential buildings. In commercial, industrial and public buildings, an optimum window design has the potential to reduce the cost of illumination as well as that of heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC). Computer simulations are commonly used to provide an expanded scope of systematic study and enable consideration of wide ranges and combinations of parameters. In this study, by computer modeling of the thermal dissipation of impact of tilt angle on the triple vacuum glazing with a thickness of 42 mm, in which a layer of Argon gas used to compare the three main technical factors that have been examined. These three main factors are heat transfer coefficient, relative rate of heat absorption and solar heat gain coefficient. The model of triple vacuum glazing is based on a commercial product that is available on the consumer market in Tehran. The results show that using triple vacuum glazing reduction more than 70 percent in energy dissipation And 60 degree glass on average in the southern facade of the building to optimize solar gain of solar energy with no apparent increase in thermal dissipation in energy of building.

One of the main challenges facing project managers is the evaluation of project progress and its earned value as well as the estimation of cost and time in project completion. In this paper, we attempt to develop a method which is based on confidence limits. The proposed method is of two approaches which distinguish the risks of activities implementation and the critical path in determination of confidence interval for completion cost and time. The above approach has applied a p-factor for weight determination in confidence intervals. In the final part, we will discuss the ways of applying these proposed methods and their importance with an example and also demonstrate the superiority of the above methods over the unmodified ones in a confidence interval.

The tragedy of Imam Husayn martyrdom (the  son of Imam Ali (pbuh), the grandson of The Prophet, 10 Muharram in the year 61 AH (in AHc: October 9, and in AHt: October 10, 680 CE) occurred in Karbala plain, beside Forat river in Iraq. Yazid, the son of Moavie, the second Umayyad Caliphate sent his messengers to pay pledge/kneel and he didn’t accept because of his deviation from Islam religion. The respected personality of Imam Husayn among the Muslims, the depth of the tragedy and telling the details of the event by the survivors namely his sister and son caused grief in important cities including Mecca, Medina and Kuffe and it was developed in all Islamic countries as the respect to this tragedy was prevalent in the Muslim culture namely Shia people. Shia people all over the world mourn the head of the martyrs to keep the sad event for ever and they applied some symbols in their mourning and they are held over the time in the form of special rites during Moharam and Safar. The frequency of the symbols indicates the deep effect of Ashura tragedy in Shia culture. The symbols have different names in different cultures of Islamic countries. The reasons and the method of the application of mourning symbols in various Islamic countries namely the pathology of the symbols in terms of negative effects on the principle of the aim of Imam Husayn are the main objective of the present study.