Psychology of Woman Journal
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Autumn 2023

 This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of transdiagnostic and solution-based therapy on the tendency toward infidelity among married women in Isfahan.

 The research employed a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design, with a sample consisting of 48 married women selected through purposive sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and then randomly assigned into three groups of 16 (two experimental groups and one control group). While the control group was on a waiting list and received no training, the transdiagnostic experimental group underwent 10 sessions of 90 minutes each according to the unified transdiagnostic treatment protocol of Barlow et al. (2010), and the solution-based experimental group underwent 8 sessions of 90 minutes each based on a protocol adapted from De Shazer's "Key Concepts in Solution-based Therapy" (1985). All three groups filled out relevant questionnaires at three stages: pre-test, post-test, and follow-up. The research instrument was the tendency toward infidelity. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post-hoc test) with SPSS-25.

 Results indicated that both transdiagnostic and solution-based treatments were significantly effective in reducing the tendency toward infidelity compared to the control group, with transdiagnostic treatment being more effective. Hence, both transdiagnostic and solution-based therapy can be utilized to reduce the tendency toward infidelity among women.

 This study underscores the potential of both transdiagnostic and solution-based therapies in mitigating the inclination towards infidelity in married women, with transdiagnostic therapy showing a more pronounced effectiveness.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of schema therapy on women's attitude to life and distress tolerance. The research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was women who referred to counseling clinics in Tehran in 1401. The sampling method was selected from the available sampling type and the sample size was 30 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group). To collect information, questionnaires of attitude to life and distress tolerance were used. The experimental group underwent schema therapy interventions for 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive any intervention. Both groups responded to the questionnaires of attitude to life and distress tolerance in the pre-test and post-test stages. The findings showed that after the group schema therapy, with regard to the average variables of attitude to life and distress tolerance of the experimental group in the post-test, it was significant compared to the average of the control group. Therefore, group schema therapy has an effect on the attitude towards life and distress tolerance of women who refer to counseling clinics.

The aim of the present research was to compare the effectiveness of schema-based couple therapy on the family functioning of married women.

This quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test, post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population included all married working women in the education department of Tabriz city in 2022. The sample of this study consisted of 30 individuals who were willing to participate in the research and were selected via convenience sampling. Then, from the research sample, 30 individuals were randomly assigned to the control group and 30 individuals to the intervention group (schema-based couple therapy). Data were collected using the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) (1950). The intervention of schema-based couple therapy strategies was conducted in eight60-minutesession; however, the control group did not receive any intervention. The research data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance (with repeated measures).

The results showed that the effectiveness of schema-based couple therapy on family functioning was significant (p < 0.05).

Based on the findings of the present study, it is concluded that schema-based couple therapy is effective on family functioning in married women.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of schema therapy on marital exhaustion, sexual self-efficacy and women's feeling of loneliness in the family. Based on the objective of the applied type and the method used in this research, the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group, and the subjects were randomly replaced in the two groups of the experimental and control groups. The statistical population of this research was made up of couples from Sari city who had visited counseling centers in Sari city. A number of 30 people from the statistical population were selected by random cluster sampling in counseling centers of Sari city from October 1400 to August 1401 based on the determined criteria. To collect information, sexual self-efficacy scale (Waziri and Lotfi Kashani, 2012), loneliness scale(Russell Veppello and Catrona, 1980) and marital burnout questionnaire (Pennis, 2003) were used. In the current research, descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (covariance analysis) were used. The results of the research showed that the coefficients related to the effect of schema therapy on marital exhaustion, sexual self-efficacy and women's feeling of loneliness in the family are significant at the alpha level of 0.05 (p < 0.50). Therefore, the hypothesis of the research based on the effectiveness of schema therapy on marital burnout, sexual self-efficacy and women's feeling of loneliness in the family was confirmed. Based on the obtained results, the schema therapy approach can be used as an effective treatment in reducing marital exhaustion, increasing sexual self-efficacy, and also reducing the feeling of loneliness in women in the family.

generalized anxiety disorder is a common and debilitating. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of cognitive analytical therapy on improving generalized anxiety disorder and reducing anxiety symptoms in women in Isfahan. The current research is a single subject study with ABA design. The statistical sample included 5 women with generalized anxiety disorder in Isfahan, who were selected by targeted sampling method. The instruments used are the generalized anxiety disorder scale and the Hamilton anxiety symptom severity questionnaire (1960). In the present study, after the subjects reached the baseline, the intervention based on Ryle and Kerr's cognitive analytical therapy (2012), was conducted during 16 sessions of 90 minutes, and a week after the end, follow-up tests were conducted. Then, in order to analyze the data, visual analysis indicators and graphs such as trend change, stability, data overlap percentage and means percentage improvement have been used. The findings of the research show that cognitive analytical therapy is significantly effective in improving generalized anxiety disorder and reducing severity of anxiety symptoms. Cognitive analytical therapy can be cautiously considered as an effective treatment in psychological interventions for patients with generalized anxiety disorder.

This study aimed at determining the effectiveness of life enrichment and advancement program on emotional adjustment of women with M.S. It was a quasi-experimental study with experimental and control groups and pre-post-test design. Statistical population included women with M.S. referred to Loghman Hakim Hospital and Imam Khomeini Hospital.
 A sample of 30 women was randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 6 sessions of group intervention and the control group was on the waiting list. Both groups responded to Bell's adjustment scale before and after the experiment. Descriptive statistics and co-variance analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that life enrichment and advancement program had an effect on emotional adjustment (F = 26/74), (P <0/001) so that it improved emotional adjustment in women with M.S.

Marital infidelity is one of the most significant threats to the stability and continuity of marriage and refers to any sexual or emotional relationship beyond the committed relationship between two spouses. The current research was conducted to determinethe relationship between marital conflict and marital quality with attitudes towards marital infidelity.

Methods and Materials:

This descriptive-correlational study involved all married women visiting counseling centers in Tonekabon city during the firstsix months of the year 2023, from which a sample of 118 participants was selected. The research instruments included: the Attitude Towards Marital Infidelity Scale by Mark Whatley (2006), the Marital Conflict Scale by Barati and Sanaei (1996), and the Marital Quality Scale by Busby et al. (1995). Data analysis was performed using correlation and regression analysis methods with the aid of SPSS version 23 software.

The results showed a significant positive relationship between marital conflict and attitudes towards marital infidelity (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). The results also indicated a significant negative correlation between marital quality and attitudes towards marital infidelity (r = -0.33, p < 0.001).

It can be concluded that thereis a relationship between marital conflict and marital quality with attitudes towards marital infidelity.

Separation and divorce are the most significant factors in the collapse and disintegration of the most fundamental part of society, the family. The current research was conducted with the aim of determining the impact of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on emotional self-regulation and the quality of life of divorced women.

Methods and Materials:

The study was a quasi-experimental investigation with a pre-test-post-test design involving two groups. The research population consisted of all divorced women who visited counseling centers in the city of Karaj. Using a convenience sampling method, four centers were selected, and among those who were willing to participate in the study and had low scores in emotional self-regulation and quality of life, 30 individuals were randomly chosen as the sample. Subsequently, these individuals were divided into two groups of 15 and randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group underwent 12 sessions of 90-minute Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, while the control group continued with their usual routine. Both groups were post-tested at the end of the period. The instruments used in this research were the Gross and John (2003) Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL) Questionnaire (1989). For data analysis, Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) and SPSS version 22 software were utilized.

The results indicated that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy had a significant effect on emotional self-regulation (F=24.22, P<0.001) and quality of life (F=28.93, P<0.001) of divorced women.

It can be concluded that Cognitive Behavioral Therapy is effective in improving emotional self-regulation and quality of life in divorced women.

The present study aimed to predict marital satisfaction based on sexual satisfaction and psychological well-being in married women.

The study was a descriptive and correlation type. The population of this research included all students of the Islamic Azad University, Qods City branch, in the academic year 2021-2022, from which 200 individuals were selected as the sample using a convenience sampling method. The main data for this research were obtained using the Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire by Natan et al.(1973), the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire by Yavari Kermani (2007), and the Psychological Well-being Questionnaire by Ryff and Keyes (1995). In the data analysis, descriptive statistics (central indicators, dispersion) and inferential statistics (multiple regression) were used.

This study, by examining the relationship between variables, revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between sexual satisfaction and marital satisfaction; and between psychological well-being and marital satisfaction. Furthermore, the results indicated that sexual satisfaction and psychological well-being have the predictive power for marital satisfaction in married women.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that sexual satisfaction and psychological well-being can predict marital satisfaction in women.

One of the most significant factors that can disrupt family health is the breakdown of commitment and exclusivity in emotional and sexual relationships and the creation of extramarital relationships, or marital infidelity. The current study aimed to determine the effectiveness of integrated couples therapy on intimacy and marital forgiveness among women affected by marital infidelity.

Methods and Materials:

This study was a quasi-experimental researchwith a pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up design, including a control group. The study population consisted of all women affected by marital infidelity who sought counseling at Tehran counseling centers in 2023. Among them, 30 participants were selected through purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. Data were collected using the Marital Intimacy Scale (Thompson & Walker, 1988) and the Marital Forgiveness Questionnaire (Rey et al., 2001). The experimental group received Emotion-Focused Therapy over 9 sessions (once a week for 90 minutes each). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS version 22.

Results showed that integrated couples therapy significantly increased forgiveness (F=5.54, P<0.001) and marital intimacy (F=9.37, P<0.001) among women affected by marital infidelity.

It can be concluded that integrated couples therapy is effective in enhancing forgiveness and marital intimacy among women affectedby marital infidelity and can be used to reduce psychological problems in these women.

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of an emotion regulation training program on rumination, life satisfaction, and self-esteem in mothers of children with intellectual-developmental disabilities.

Methods and Materials:

Theresearch method was a quasi-experimental (semi-experimental) design with pre-test, post-test, and control and experimental groups. The population consisted of all mothers with children suffering from intellectual-developmental disabilities in the Mehrdasht area of Isfahan, totaling 50 individuals. From among them, 40 were selected through convenience sampling. The instruments used in this research included the Nolen-Hoeksma and Morrow (1991) questionnaire, the Diener et al. (1985) life satisfaction scale, and the Rosenberg (1965) self-esteem questionnaire.

The results showed that the emotion regulation training program led to improvements in rumination (F= 86.19), life satisfaction (F= 56.39), and self-esteem (F= 115.71) in mothers of childrenwith intellectual-developmental disabilities.

Therefore, incorporating emotion regulation training can effectively enhance the psychological well-being of mothers of children with intellectual-developmental disabilities, contributing to theirlife satisfaction

The present study compared the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy and compassion-focused therapy in improving rumination and strengthening emotion regulation in women with infidelity on the part of their spouse. This study was a semi-experimental study with pretest-posttest-follow-up design and control group. The statistical population of the study included women with experience of infidelity by their husbands who referred to counseling and psychotherapy clinics in Tehran in 2021. Among the mentioned statistical population, 45 women with infidelity experience were selected based on inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two experimental and one control groups (each group 15 people). The first experimental group received cognitive-behavioral therapy and compassion-based therapy for the second group. The control group will not receive any intervention. Data were obtained using Garnefski and Kraij Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2006) and Nulen-Hocksma et al. rumination response scale (1999). Data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and SPSS software version 22. Emotion regulation in both cognitive-behavioral and compassion therapy groups was higher than pre-test compared to the control group in post-test and rumination scores in both cognitive-behavioral and compassion therapy groups were lower compared to the control group in post-test stage (P<0.01). Also, comparing the two experimental groups showed that scores of emotion regulation and rumination in the two groups of cognitive-behavioral and compassion therapy had significant difference (P<0.01). It can be concluded that cognitive-behavioral therapy has more effect on improving emotion regulation and rumination in women than compassion therapy.

The study aims to investigate the relationship between caregiving burden, social support, and psychological distress among mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It specifically examines the mediating role of social support in the linkage between caregiving burden and psychological distress.

Methods and Materials:

The study employed a descriptive correlational method. The target population comprised all female teachers in Shiraz city in 2021. A purposive sample of 200 teachers was selected. Data were collected using the Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ), Refahi and colleagues’ Mate Selection Criteria Questionnaire (2008), and the Pines Marital Burnout Scale (1996). The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients and multivariate regression in SPSS-24 software.

The results indicated that mate selection criteria with a beta coefficient of -0.13, positive perfectionism with a beta coefficient of 0.31, and negative perfectionism with a beta coefficient of -0.19 significantly predicted marital burnout. Additionally, schemas in the domains of rejection and disconnection (beta = 0.59), impaired autonomy and performance (beta = 0.26), impaired limits (beta = 0.19), and other-directedness (beta = 0.20) were significant predictors of marital burnout in female teachers.

The study concludes that both early maladaptive schemas and mate selection criteria are significant predictors of marital burnout among female teachers. The findings suggest that interventions targeting these schemas and criteria can be beneficial in addressing marital burnout.