فصلنامه فرهنگی - تربیتی زنان و خانواده
سال سوم شماره 10 (پاییز و زمستان 1386)

The research findings suggest that between the management of the user's excitement and their marital status at meaningful level "p≤0.1" there is a negative meaningful relation (-0.323) and between the excitement management of the users and their ages at level "p≤0.05" there is also a negative meaningful relation (-0.247).These findingshow that between Berger's control location scale and education major at level "p≤0.05" there is a negative meaningful relation (-0.376). In addition, between Berger's control scale and child number in childbirth order at meaningful level " p≤0.05" there is a negativemeaningful relation (-0.276). The relation between education and control location at error level "p≤0.01" was meaningful (0.233). It is important to note that between the level of sociability and all the variables there is no meaningful relation. Between excitementmanagement and Berger's control scale at meaningful level "p≤0.01" there is a meaningful relation (0.427).Between excitement management of the users and the level of sociability at meaningful level "p≤0.01" there is a meaningful relation (0.295) and between Berger's control location scale and the level of sociability at meaningful level "p≤0.01" there is a meaningful relation (0.433)

The experience of catastrophes and disasters show that generally when natural disasters break out in tense and acute situations, crisis management system is not practical as it is expected. Voluntary Bsij forces play an effective role in these critical situations. Crisis andcalamity were examined considering 3 physical, structural and psychological viewpoints. From physical-structural perspective, a calamity is defined based on physical factors causing the calamity and its financial consequences. From sociological perspective, a calamity is a social phenomenon that throw its practicality and structure of a social system and internal institutions into disarray. From psychological perspective calamities can be defined as psychological stresses for a short period of time. This articles attempts to examine calamities as a big socialpsychological pressure cooker that shatter conventional life notions and social function. Meanwhile, using this theory, we examine the role of women's Basij in providing help to the victims of Bam earthquake's as certain case. In the end, suggestions learnt from Bam's disaster are offered to reform the system and crisis management and psychological succor considered for the victims of natural disasters.

Nowadays, the counseling services are one of the family's necessities. Families and the other people under their guardianship, must be prepared psychologically in order to cope with the stress of workplaces, business trips and so forth. The first step to do this is toexamine and evaluate people's needs and organize the counseling services in the organization. Therefore the present article tries to study family's needs regarding the counseling services. In this study, 1892 people from families in the whole country are selected by a phased bunched sampling method and then, they are studied. To gather the necessary information from the survey, the results suggest that the second recourse for counseling families upon their lives are the specialists and the majority of the problems include the relationship between family members, raising children and psychological issues.Also most of the people request counseling services centers and expert people in the field.

The present changes mean the continuation of a big transformation in the human history.The changes from agriculture revolution to industrial revolution and thereafter to information revolution is far larger than we are able to call it a especial group's achievements. Rural development is known for its vital role in developing the countries. The experts hold believes that improving human resources are necessary for researching. In the direction of reaching an actual development, the half of the population that are the active workforcemust be considered, on the other hand one of the renewing indexes for national economy and social growth is how the women participate and perform their roles in the economic structure. In this article we will represent stable evolution, rural development,ICT' s significance in building societies, the concept of building women's capabilities, the circumstances of women and girls especially those living in rural areas after we have presented a brief history of Islam comparing education based on IT with a face to face learning and at the end we draw conclusions from discussed issues in different countries in the whole world and give advice as to Iran's current situations.

The veil has been constantly considered as one of the social religiosity index. Historical researches into the divine religions suggest that the religious doctrines have always stressed a proper cover. Although the history and the precedent of the veil and what we see today go back to Islam establishing centuries, however, it could be easily claimed thatthe veil is not just sacred to Islam or other religions but it has existed among the different nations. The reason is that clothes and the cove is the most natural need of every single human being and women who go through it can protect themselves against social damage. According to Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian and Islamic faiths, the cover for women is mandatory. Religious instructions, religious textbooks and divine religions traditions all confirm it. Researches into religions suggest that Islam does not legislate the veil but it reached the statute book in a way that is compatible with women's spirit, while in other religions including Judaism, the veil is taken to extremes with a raft of rigidity. In this article we study the veil among divine religions and nations comparatively. In fact, there is no religion that does not highlight women's cover.Religions, based on women's nature and the situation, necessitate the veil for women. According to Zoroastrian, Jewish, Christian and Islamic instructions, the veil must be observed by women. In this article, in addition to a brief review of women's cover among different nations, we research into this issue comparatively and study the Islam's role in balancing it.