نشریه بانوان شیعه
پیاپی 24 (تابستان 1389)

Fatemah (p. b. u. h.) is one of the Islamic figures enjoying particular virtues and characteristics. She is the prophet's highly esteemed daughter and she was trained by him. Furthermore, she is the wife of one of the greatest men in the history of Islam, i.e. Ali (p. b. u. h.). The outstanding characteristics of her majesty have promoted her to a very noble status and her views and ideas in regard with different issues are considered as a criterion for the religious people. One of the issues which happened after the prophet's passing away was the issue of his caliphate, which eventually resulted in a division of two groups among the Moslems: those who approved the status quo and those who disapproved it (i.e. the followers of Ali, p. b. u. h.). What was Fatemah's (p. b. u. h.) position about this issue? Did she remain silent about this dispute or did she take the side with a specific individual or stance? What attempts did she make? The present article, based on a library method of research and data analysis, tries to study different aspects of the actions taken by the prophet's daughter, Fatemah (p. b. u. h.), about the caliphate after the prophet (p. b. u. h.). At the end, it is revealed that she did all she could in order for the justice to be practiced and caliphate be granted to Ali (p. b. u. h.).

Authority is a one of the true concepts prevalent throughout the history of humanity because it is in essence specific to God, the Glorified, and He is the King of all the world of existence. Since all His orders should be obeyed in order for the divine religion to remain eternal and for the man to achieve his true prosperity and culmination, God has set the prophets and divine persons as the manifestations and embodiment of His authority.Her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.), who is the lady of the two worlds and is praised in the earth and the heavens, is the real defender of the divine authority, and she is the supreme model to be followed in the obedience and defense of the holy realm of the divine authority. Her wise and full-hearted defense was in fact a defense of the God's authority; however, the unaware and wicked people disobeyed this important issue. Therefore, it is necessary for every Moslem to study the political conduct of her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.) in order to realize the valuable truth of the holy realm of the divine authority in the world and walk wisely and bravely along the path of supporting the divine authority through following her majesty. This article deals with the truth of the divine authority (in its general sense), its necessity, the way her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.) supported it, and the way one can set her as a model in this regard. The research approach in this study is a library model and the data has been gathered from creditable texts of tradition and history books and analyzed in an intellectual way.

Marriage strengthens men and women's personality, culminates them spiritually and comforts them psychologically. Furthermore, it results in the spiritual and psychological wellbeing of a society and the prevalence of chastity and the feeling of responsibility. Today, considering the prevalence of the modern mechanized life, the necessity of facilitating the conditions for marriage among the young people is felt more than any other time. Following the model set by her majesty Zahra (p. b. u. h.) is the best way to achieve this goal. The present article deals with this issue.

The family as the center for the growth and culmination of human being should be set up according to its holy objectives. Her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.), who is an exemplary model as a successful wife and mother, believes that a healthy family is based upon the obedience of God, justice, altruism, affection, reconciliation, being aware of the roles, cooperation, winning the satisfaction of the spouse, and training children through a divine approach. Her majesty refers to the influential role of women at home and believes that hijab is valuable and results in the maintenance of the family.

Being acquainted with the fundamental issues of the Islamic beliefs is among the most important duties of a Moslem. Such an acquaintance and acceptance should be based on reasoning. One of the controversial issues is the infallibility of her majesty Zahra (p. b. u. h.). The infallibility of her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.) can be proved through abundant reasons. The prophet in a tradition approved by both Shiites and Sunnites says that "Verily, the Most High God gets angry if Fatemah gets angry and He gets satisfied if she is satisfied." It is evident that the anger and satisfaction of a person can be the criterion for the God's satisfaction and dissatisfaction provided that the individual considers nothing beyond obeying God's orders and is infallible both in thought and action. In this tradition, generally the satisfaction of her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.) has been considered as the basis of God's satisfaction. This is one of the reasons for the infallibility of her majesty. This issue is important because her infallibility plays a role as an inseparable principle in the guidance of humanity. Considering the principles of infallibility, whether intellectual or traditional, the present article tries to reveal whether the infallibility of her majesty Zahra (p. b. u. h.) is innate or acquired.

The content of the verse 42 of the Chapter of the Family of Imran (Quran: 3:42) implies that the angles talked to her majesty Maryam (p. b. u. h.). One of the issues in their speech deals with her purification and choosing of her majesty prominent among the ladies: «وَ إِذ قَالَتِ الْمَلَئكَةُ يَامَرْيَمُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَاكِ وَ طَهَّرَكِ وَ اصْطَفَاكِ عَلي‏ نِسَاءِ الْعَالَمِين» "And when the angels said: O Mary! Lo! Allah hath chosen thee and made thee pure, and hath preferred thee above (all) the women of creation. "Although the term "choosing" implies a general sense in some of the verses of the Holy Quran, in some other cases, such as the above mentioned one, has a restricted and specific reference. Therefore, this verse connotes a relative prominence of her majesty Maryam (p. b. u. h.) among the ladies of the world. In other words, it implies that she was preferred above the ladies current with her. In this article, this claim is based on the authentic traditions of both Shiites and Sunnites and the explanations of the interpretation books. According to all the authentic Shiite traditions and most of Sunnite traditions, her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.) is prominent among all the ladies of the world.

The present article is an attempt to have a look at the secrets of the birth of Fatemah (p. b. u. h.), the lady of the two worlds, from the viewpoint of the traditions by the infallibles. The article consists of two parts. The first part deals with the secrets before the birth until the time of the birth (including seven points), and the second part deals with the secrets, quality and the points during the birth (including nine points). Because of the importance and the role of "the Tree of Tuba" (a tree in the Paradise) at the time of the birth and marriage of her majesty Fatemah (p. b. u. h.), a brief explanation has been provided at the end of the first part about this tree and its relevance to Fatemah (p. b. u. h.).