نشریه مشاوره کاربردی
سال دوم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1391)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Ellis’s cognitive-behavioral training in reducing the constraining beliefs of mate-selecion in female students of Boroujerd Islamic Azad University. 500 students were selected based on multi-stage sampling method and completed the Constraining Beliefs of Mate Selection scale (CBMSQ). 30 female students were selected who were 1.5 SD above the mean and had no history of mental illnesses. They were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The CBMS was administered to both groups prior to the treatment. During eight sessions the students in the experimental group followed a cognitive-behavioral training program. They were post tested 2 weeks later using the same questionnaire. The results showed significant differences in "cohabitation", "the one and only", "opposites compliment" and "idealism" subscales in favor of the experimental group. Howerer, the results of the subscales of "the perfect confidence" and "choosing should be easy" did not change significantly. According to the results, group cognitive-behavioral training, based on Ellis’s method could reduce the constraining beliefs of mate selection in students.

Marital satisfaction is considered as one of the important factors that influence the mental health and life quality of couples. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship of body image and friendliness behavior with marital satisfaction in couples. The research convenient sample consisted of 205 couples living in Ardebil. The participants completed the Multidime-nsional Body Self Relation Questionnaire (MBSRQ), the Friendliness Behavior Scale (SACRAL) and the Salehi Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (SMSQ). The results showed that body image and friendliness behavior had a significantly positive correlation with marital satisfaction. Also, the results of multivariate regression analysis showed that variables of body image and friendliness behavior could explain 42 per cent of marital satisfaction in couples. It is concluded that the body image and friendliness behavior have an influence on couple's marital satisfaction.

Marital problems introduce serious challenges for many couples. What is the role of irrational beliefs–as a cluster of intrapersonal variables–in developing such problems? What is the role of the couple's attachment styles toward each other, as an example of interpersonal variables, in decreasing or worsening these problems? In response to these questions, the present study was set up to investigate the moderating role of attachment styles in the relationship between irrational beliefs and marital problems. Participants were 300 married individuals (150 males, 150 females) living in Kerman at the time of the investigation. All the participants were asked to complete the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State Questionnaire (GRIMS), the Survey of Personal Beliefs (SPB) and the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI). The results showed that irrational beliefs and insecure attachment styles were positively associated with marital problems. In contrast, secure attachment style was negatively associated with marital problems. Insecure attachment styles were positively associated with irrational beliefs, but this correlation was negative for secure attachment style. The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that attachment styles moderate the relationship between irrational beliefs and marital problems. Based on the results of the present study it can be concluded that the relationship between irrational beliefs and marital problems is not a simple linear one and is moderated by the couple's attachment styles.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive parent training in reducing conduct problems of children and maternal stress of their mothers. The statistical population of the study was all 4-6 year kindergarten children with conduct problems in Ahwaz. The sample was selected using multistage sampling method. At first 8 kindergartens were randomly selected, whose teachers then received training on conduct problems symptoms. They then completed the teacher from of the Rutter’s Children's Behavior Questionnaire (RCBQ) for children who had those symptoms. From 120 questionnaires completed by teachers, 30 questionnaires were randomly selected from among those who got higher scores on Conduct Problems rather than Emotional Problems subscales. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The Rutter’s Children's Behavior Questionnaire (RCBQ)–the Teacher Form and Parental Stress Index (PCI) were used to collect the data. The hypotheses were tested by multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that positive parent training decreased conduct problems and maternal stress (p<0/001). A follow up study showed that the effect lasted for 1 month. The results of the study are discussed in detail.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on mental health problems and psychological symptoms among female inmates at Rajaii-Shahr Prison. By using a systematic random sampling method, 15 female prisoners were selected. The data was obtained through the following measures: a researcher made questionnaire for collecting demographic data, an interview based on DSM-IV-TR format conducted by a psychiatrist, the General Health Questionnaire- 28 (GHQ- 28) and Symptom Checklist- 90- Revised (SCL-90-R). The findings indicated that in all subscales of GHQ- 28 and SCL-90-R significant diffrences existed between pretest and posttest scores. In other words, the mean of all the subscales in the post-test phase showed an improvement in their psychological status. The findings also showed the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions in decreasing the psychological symptoms of female inmates. Among the probable reasons for this effectiveness are: introducing individual and group skills, encouraging the participants to have a problem solving approach, so that they could solve their personal and interpersonal problems more effectively.

Family satisfaction is one of the determinants of mental health and satisfaction in student life. There is a question of whether parenting styles and agreeableness can affect university student's satisfaction with their families. The aim of this study was to evaluate simple and multiple relationships of parenting styles (authoritative motherhood, authoritative fatherhood, authoritarian motherhood, authoritarian fatherhood, permissive motherhood and permissive fatherhood) and agreeableness with family satisfaction in students. The statistical population of this study included all Shahid Chamran university students in Ahvaz. From this population, a total of 162 students were selected by multistage random sampling. The Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), the Neo Personality Questionnaire (NEO-FFI) and the Family Satisfaction Scale (FSS) were used to collect the required data. The results of simple correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between authoritative motherhood, authoritative fatherhood, permissive motherhood, permissive fatherhood and agreeableness with family satisfaction. Also, the relationships of authoritarian motherhood and authoritarian fatherhood with family satisfaction were negative. The results of regression analysis showed that authoritative motherhood, agreeableness, authoritarian fatherhood and permissive motherhood accounted for %28 of variance of family satisfaction.