دکتر فرهاد رجبی

Thoracic hyperkyphosis is one of the common anomalies in children in recent years. In addition to corrective exercise, corrective games are one of the correctional methods which have been used to prevent and correct functional anomalies among children. Unlike corrective exercise, in corrective games method, correctional goals apply with prevention and correction purpose in the game shape and format The present study aimed to compare the effect and sustainability of a course corrective games with selected corrective exercise on 10-12 aged boys with thoracic hyperkyphosis.Ninety boys with age average (11.20±0.80 years), height average (140.78±5.91 cm), and weight average (39.69±4.75 kg) were randomly divided into corrective games, selected corrective exercise and control group. Subject in experimental groups performed their related corrective games and corrective exercises for 8 weeks and 3 sessions every week. Each session lasted for 30-60 minutes. During this time the control group did their normal daily activity. The kyphosis angle required to enter to the study was considered greater than 40 degrees. This angle was measured by a flexible ruler. Data were recorded at the beginning of the study as a pre-test, at the end of the 8 weeks’ exercises as a post-test and 8 weeks after the completion of the study as a second post-test level.The finding of the repeated measure ANOVA test indicated a significant difference in kyphosis angle at the pre-test level (45.62±2.40) versus the post-test level (42.46±2.24), and in follow-up level (42.42±2.09) in the corrective games group, and the pre-test level (45.81±2.59) versus the post-test level (42.26±2.36) and in the follow-up level (42.52±2.27) in the selected corrective exercise group (P≤0.05). Moreover, there was no significant difference in the kyphosis angel in the control group, at the pre-test level (44.93±1.59) versus the post-test level (45.26±1.79) and in the follow-up level (45.26±1.84) (P>0.05). The obtained effect size was 0.85 in the corrective games group, 0.81 in the selected corrective exercise group, and 0.08 in the control group, which shows the high effectiveness of present study protocols in experimental groups. Also, the results of the ANCOVA test indicated a significant difference in thoracic kyphosis angle between 3 groups in the study at the post-test and the follow-up levels (P≤0.05). Therefore, in order to clarify this difference, the Bonferroni post-hoc test was used. The finding of this test indicated a non-significant difference in thoracic kyphosis angle between corrective games and selected corrective exercise groups in the post-test and follow-up levels (P>0.05). The observed difference was related to the corrective games and selected corrective exercise kyphosis angle difference with control groups at mentioned levels (P≤0.05).The corrective games and the selected corrective exercise have a positive and similar effect with exercise effects sustainability on thoracic kyphosis reduction. Therefore, performing 8 weeks’ corrective games besides selected corrective exercise has a considerable and sustainable effect on thoracic hyperkyphosis angle in 10-12 aged boys and using corrective games as an autonomous method recommended to thoracic hyperkyphosis correction in 10-12 years old boys.

The purpose of this study was to determine the scientific participation of members, departments and faculties of physical education and sports sciences of universities across Iran in the production of articles published in journals with Web of Science index during the years 1970 to the end of 2019. This research was carried out with scientometric approach and network analysis method using Histcite, Nodexl and Vosviower. The research community was the scientific products of researchers in the field of physical education and sports sciences in Iran on the Web of Science website. The findings showed that 1520 articles in 513 journals in the field of physical education and sports sciences have been published in Web of Science, out of which more than 550 works have been published in open access journals. Data analysis showed that based on the number of scientific productions, Tehran, Guilan and Isfahan universities are ranked first to third in the country with 265, 200 and 148 articles, respectively. Findings also show that researchers of physical education have published most their work in three countries respectively; Iran (Emerging list), Italy (with the index of Q4) and Turkey (Emerging list). It was also found that most of the collaborations and citations of Iranian writers have been with researchers from the United States.This study showed that in recent years, although the process of publishing articles in Web of Science journals has been associated with a steeper slope, a significant number of these articles have been published in domestic journals (Emerging) and other foreign journals that this phenomenon needs a closer look. The results also showed that some experienced colleges as well as some specialized and research bodies have appeared in order to publish articles in prestigious journals far from expectation, which also needs more detailed study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soft tissues in measuring thoracic kyphosis by Iranian kyphometer through placement on the body and on the X-Ray and also comparing the results with with Cobb method.
The method of this study is Descriptive – correlation and it's sampling was targeted and vailable. The number of subject formed 18 persons. The measurements of each subject were Cobb angle with X-ray and kyphosis angle with putting kyphometer on the body and on the X-ray.
The result of this study showed, the high Validity and high correlation between measurement with kyphometer on body and on X-ray and Cobb method (p≤0.05), and also reported high correlation between measurement with kyphometer on body and measurement with kyphometer on X-Ray (p≤0.05). The comparison of the three methods in terms of mean; there was no considerable difference between the result of kyphometer on body and kyphometer on X-Ray and also between measurement with the kyphometer on X-Ray and Cobb method (P=0.34).
Based on the high correlation between the three measurement methods (kyphometer on the body, kyphometer on the X-Ray, cobb method) and also lack of significant difference between these three methods, we can say Iranian kyphometer is a valid device in measurement of thoracic kyphosis and soft tissues of the spine have no effect on the measurement by kyphometer.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soft tissues in measuring thoracic kyphosis by flexible ruler through placement on the body and on X-Ray and also comparing the results with the Cobb method. The number ofsubjects formed 18 persons. The result of this study showed, high validity between measurements with a flexible curve on the body and on X-ray and the Cobb method, and also reported a high correlation between measurement with flexible curve on body and on X-Ray. The comparison of the three methods in terms of mean; there was no considerable difference between the result of flexible curve on body and on X-Ray and also between measurement with the flexible curve on X-Ray and Cobb method. According to the finding of this study, can be reported; the flexible curve has a high validity in compared with X-ray and soft tissues of the spine have no effect on the measurement by flexible ruler.