فهرست مطالب مشترک مهندس علیرضا حیدریان و محمدکاظم حیدریان

Native starches have limited use in the food industry owing to their insolubility in cold water and lack of reactivity. Native starches are susceptible to chemical, physical, and enzymatic modification. This article examines cold plasma as one of the physical mechanisms of starch modification. The structure of each system is analyzed, and the effects of cold plasma at atmospheric pressure on the functional, thermal, molecular, morphological, and physicochemical aspects of various starches researched by different researchers are described. Changes in the characteristics of DBD plasma-modified starch are primarily caused by the depolymerization and cross-linking of amylose and amylopectin side chains. The molecular weight, viscosity, and gelatinization temperature decrease after DBD plasma treatment. The plasma etching of starch granules improves their surface energy and hydrophilicity. Cold plasma is an alternate approach for changing starch characteristics; it may be inferred.

Oxygen can reduce the quality and shelf life of some foods. The reason for the presence of oxygen in food packaging is mainly due to oxygen residues in the food, oxygen residues in the closed space, raw materials and damage to the containers during the packaging process. Basically, oxygen can cause food spoilage in various ways, including oxidative spoilage, which leads to a decrease in the quality of fats and fatty parts of food, oxidation of lipids, changes in the structure of proteins, vitamins and pigments, and providing suitable conditions for the growth of microorganisms and enzymatic browning. Researches show that various methods can be used to reduce the amount of this oxidative factor, including modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), vacuum packaging, and oxygen absorbers. In this review study, the mechanisms and applications of oxygen absorbers in the food industry and packaging of various food products were discussed. Studies show that the use of oxygen absorbers will have beneficial effects in increasing the quality and shelf life of various food products and reducing the wastage of food resources. Considering the importance of this issue, we can take steps towards the production, mass production and presentation of new formulations in the oxygen absorber production industry.

Starch is the most abundant carbohydrate in legumes. On the other hand, due to its non-reactive nature and insolubility in cold water, natural leguminous starch has limited use in the food industry. Natural legume starch can be modified by chemical, physical, and enzymatic methods. Modified legume starches have gained importance in the food industry due to their improved functional properties. Ultrasound is one of the physical methods of starch modification examined in this article. Also, ultrasound is increasingly used as a green technology for the physicochemical modification of food systems. This study aims to investigate the effect of ultrasonic treatment (bath-probe) on the functional, rheological, thermal, morphological, and crystal structure characteristics of modified starch samples. The change in the properties of ultrasonically modified starch is mainly due to the depolymerization of amylose and amylopectin chains. After ultrasound treatment, molecular weight, viscosity, and crystallinity decrease; Therefore, it can be concluded that ultrasound is an alternative technology for modifying the properties of leguminous starch.