a.h.ansari

</span> Periapical surgery is a reliable method for treating teeth with periapical lesions for which conventional root canal treatment methods are not effective. The aim of this study is to investigate the results of periapical surgical treatment after a follow-up period of one to five years and the factors related to the success rate of the treatment.</span></span></span>
</span> In this cross-sectional study, complete clinical and radiographic examinations were performed on 128 patients who underwent periapical surgery in the endodontics department of Mashhad Dental School. The success of the treatment was evaluated based on radiographic and clinical criteria for three groups: recovered, recovering and non-recovering. The patients were examined in terms of the relationship between the success rate of periapical surgery and the variables of age, gender, type of tooth, type of jaw, presence of post, type of coronal restoration and the presence of preoperative symptoms.</span></span></span>
</span> From a total of 128 patients, 64 patients including 35 women and 29 men were studied. The results showed that the number of successful treatments is higher in women and in anterior teeth, although their difference was not statistically significant. In the age range of 11 to 30 years, all treatments were successful, with a treatment success rate of 89% in the recovered and recovering groups. In addition, there was no statistically significant difference in the success rate of periapical surgery in terms of factors such as the type of jaw, the presence or absence of a post, the presence of symptoms before treatment, and the type of tooth restoration.</span></span></span>
</span></span> The results of this study showed that periapical surgery can be considered as an effective treatment method for patients. In addition, factors such as age, gender, type of jaw, presence or absence of post, presence of symptoms before treatment and type of tooth restoration do not have a significant effect on the treatment result.</span></span></span></div>

Radar interferometry technique is an efficient tool to study changes in the Earth's crust. The method is based on the phase difference between two image pairs at different time intervals. In this research, subsidence of Abarkuh plain, Yazd province investigated. The subsidence is actually the lowering of the Earth's surface due to the natural and human activities. Excessive extraction of underground resources, especially water, is a main cause of subsidence in many plains in Iran. Hydrological studies in this area show a groundwater level drop of 0.6 meters per year. According to the geological studies, karst developments and dispersive clay soils are two causes of subsidence. By the radar interferometry technique over a period of 2003 to 2005 using 12 Envisat satellite images, the average subsidence rate in the region was estimated. In Abarkouh, maximum subsidence rate is 2 to 3 cm/year and in Mehrdasht area 5 cm/year. Accurate alignment studies have been used for the accuracy of the calculations between 1985 and 2001, which are in agreement with the results obtained by radar interferometry. The reasons for this discrepancy are the inconsistency between two available data and the radar interferometry error.

‎In this paper‎, ‎we use the concept of $C$-class functions introduced‎ ‎by Ansari [4] to prove the existence and uniqueness of‎ ‎common fixed point for self-mappings in modular spaces of integral‎ ‎inequality‎. ‎Our results extended and generalized previous known‎ ‎results in this direction‎.

Best approximation results provide an approximate solution to the fixed point equation $Tx=x$, when the non-self mapping $T$ has no fixed point. In particular, a well-known best approximation theorem, due to Fan cite{5}, asserts that if $K$ is a nonempty compact convex subset of a Hausdorff locally convex topological vector space $E$ and $T:Krightarrow E$ is a continuous mapping, then there exists an element $x$ satisfying the condition $d(x,Tx)=inf {d(y,Tx):yin K}$, where $d$ is a metric on $E$. Recently, Hussain et al. (Abstract and Applied Analysis, Vol. 2014, Article ID 837943) introduced proximal contractive mappings and established certain best proximity point results for these mappings in $G$-metric spaces. The aim of this paper is to introduce certain new classes of auxiliary functions and proximal contraction mappings and establish best proximity point theorems for such kind of mappings in $G$-metric spaces. As consequences of these results, we deduce certain new best proximity and fixed point results in $G$-metric spaces. Moreover, we present certain examples to illustrate the usability of the obtained results.