amit kumar
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In this paper, we derive the black hole solution in the context of nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) coupled to a perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM) field. The resulting black hole solution interpolates between the AdS Ayón-Beato-GarcÍa (ABG) black hole in the absence of the PFDM field and the Schwarzschild black hole devoid of magnetic monopole charges and PFDM influence. A numerical investigation of the horizon structure and thermodynamic properties, including both local and global stability, is conducted for the obtained black hole solution. The presence of the NLED and PFDM fields shows that the thermodynamic quantities are modified. We observe that the behaviour of thermodynamical quantities of black holes depends on these parameters significantly. We also discuss the stability and phase transition dependency on these parameters.Keywords: Black Hole Solution, Ayo'n-Beato-Garci'a Electrodynamics, Perfect Fluid Dark Matter, Thermodynamics
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Non-puerperal uterine inversion (NPUI) is an extremely rare condition. Our case is the second, where a young female (adolescent age group) presented with uterine inversion, and is the first without any identifiable cause of uterine inversion. Her chief complaints were chronic menorrhagia, abdominal pain, and episodes of acute urinary retention. Most of the reported cases have identifiable etiology for the inversion. The reporting of this case is worthwhile because of its rarity in such age groups and even without any defined cause (spontaneous occurrence), making the diagnosis of uterine inversion in this condition challenging, particularly in this very young age. In our case, she was initially misdiagnosed as having a cervical polyp clinically and radiologically,
especially on ultrasonography (USG). Finally, it was diagnosed as uterine inversion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvis and retrospective evaluation of USG. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) thus plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis of uterine inversion. Treatment of uterine inversion is either mostly by manual repositioning, and if not possible, surgery is contemplated.Keywords: Non-Puerperal Uterineinversion (NPUI), Young Female, Menorrhagia, Magneticresonance Imaging (MRI), Uterine Reposition -
Journal of Computational Algorithms and Numerical Dimensions, Volume:3 Issue: 4, Autumn 2024, PP 291 -297In this article, we present the time-fractional Swift-Hohenberg equation (FSFE) with uncertainty where the fractional deriative is chossen in caputo sense. We have solved the fuzzy FSFE by homotopy analysis elzaki transform method (HAETM) which is a collaboration of homotopy analysis method with elzaki transform.The proposed algorithm provides a fast convergence series solution. Three dimensional plots of the solutions, error graphs and h-cut graphs are given to illustrate the efficacy of the method to solve FSFE.Keywords: Fractional Swift-Hohenberg Equation, Homotopy Analysis Elzaki Transform Method, Uncertain Environment, Upper, Lower Bound Approximate Solutions
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African swine fever (ASF) is considered as one of the most threatening diseases for the pig farming industry all over the world. Due to the lack of an effective vaccine, organized farms and backyard rearing must strictly enforce control measures in order to combat the disease. The present report describes the ASF epidemic in a piggery in Uttar Pradesh state, India. The pathological samples were collected from the affected pigs and processed for histopathological and molecular studies. Gross lesions comprised of cyanosis of ear pinna, multi-focal hemorrhagic spots on ventral abdomen and inner aspect of thigh, highly congested mesenteric lymph nodes with marbling, marked congestion, hemorrhages and splenomegaly, interstitial pneumonia, and multi-focal endocardial hemorrhages on papillary muscles and wall of ventricle in heart. Histopathological investigation revealed marked congestion and hemorrhages of mesenteric lymph node, liver and spleen. Depletion of lymphocytes from the splenic white pulp was visible in the splenic parenchyma. The virus was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and phylogenetic analysis revealed a distinct clustering of the Uttar Pradesh virus isolates from Vietnam with other Ib group isolates, indicating a close genetic relationship between these samples. Additionally, the mutant Chinese virus isolate showed clear genetic differences with the Vietnamese Ib group, confirming its suitability as an out-group for comparison. The study represents the first report of ASF outbreak in North India, establishing the phylogenetic relationship between ASF virus circulating in the study area and other regions.Keywords: African Swine Fever Virus, India, Phylogenetic Analysis, Piggery
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Pollution, Volume:11 Issue: 1, Winter 2025, PP 117 -133This study focused deeply on sustainable solid waste management practices, specifically focusing on the co-composting of various organic materials such as sugarcane leaves/ trash, sugarcane bagasse, food waste, cow dung, and press mud (generated from the sugarcane industry). Five trapezoidal shape agitated piles (heap) were prepared with various combinations (Trials 1 to 5). This study investigates the dynamic changes in critical parameters while composting and their implications for compost quality and maturity. The results showed that the percentage increase in total nitrogen (1.76-2.24%, 1.93-2.23%), phosphorus (1.35-3.52%, 1.18-2.62%), and potassium content (4.5-8.7%, 4.7-8.9%) in trial 3 and 5, which underscore their roles in enhancing soil fertility and crop productivity. The decline in carbon-to-nitrogen ratios in trial 3 (45.5-26.3) and trial 5 (46.6-24.3) correlates with the growth of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria, facilitating humic substance formation critical for compost stability. Lignocellulosic degradation, evidenced by cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin content changes, further emphasises its importance in compost maturation. Additionally, reductions in CO2 evolution rate (20.9-3.8%, 22.1-3.9%) and volatile solids (81.9-43.8%, 83.8-43.8%) content in trials 3 and 5, reflect microbial activity and compost stabilisation. Trial 3 and 5 were the suitable combinations for the sugarcane agro-industrial waste composting. These findings highlight that effective waste management enhances agricultural productivity and reduces environmental impact by improving soil health using of composted sugarcane waste.Keywords: In-Vessel, Windrow, Agriculture Waste, Bagasse, Food Waste
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Seikh et al. (Iranian Journal of Fuzzy Systems, 18(5) (2021), 155-172) pointed out that there does not exist any approach to solve type-2 fuzzy variable matrix games (matrix games in which each element of the payoff matrix is represented by a type-2 fuzzy variable). To fill this gap, Seikh et al. proposed an approach to solve triangular type-2 fuzzy variable (TT2FV) matrix games (matrix games in which each element of the payoff matrix is represented by a TT2FV). Seikh et al. also solved a real-life TT2FV matrix game (plastic ban problem) to show the applicability of their proposed approach. In future, other researchers may use Seikh et al.’s approach to solve other real-life TT2FV matrix games. However, it is inappropriate to use Seikh et al.’s approach as it may fail to find a correct optimal solution of TT2FV matrix games. To validate this claim, a TT2FV matrix game is solved by Seikh et al.’s approach and it is shown that the obtained optimal solution is not correct. Also, it is pointed out that this inappropriateness occurs as a mathematically incorrect result is considered in Seikh et al.’s approach. Furthermore, Seikh et al.’s approach is modified to resolve its inappropriateness.Keywords: Triangular Type-2 Fuzzy Variable, Matrix Games, Plastic Ban Problem
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This paper studies the analytical solution to the Fractional Differential Equations (FDEs) under uncertainty. Fuzzy differential equations are one of the emerging topics in the present era of research, where we have found an effective combination of FDEs with fuzziness. The Homotopy Analysis Transform Method (HATM) with the Caputo fractional derivative is applied in this work to find the analytical fuzzy solution of two fuzzy FDEs. One of the interesting parts of this study is that we have found upper and lower fuzzy solutions for both fuzzy FDEs. The different graphical representations that have been presented for both examples show that there is a symmetry relation between the upper and lower-cut fuzzy solutions. In this method, the region and rate of convergence of the solution series are controlled by the auxiliary parameter r-cut. This paper shows that the proposed method is reliable and efficient in determining the fuzzy solutions of the FDEs in applied mathematics and engineering.Keywords: Fuzzy Fractional Differential Equations, Homotopy Analysis Transform Method, Upper, Lower Fuzzy Solution, Caputo Fractional Derivative, R-Cut
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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is considered as one of the most important contagious viral diseases affecting cloven-footed animals. For effective control of FMD, immunization along with herd immunity is essential in the field conditions. To assure and track the coverage and effectiveness of the vaccination program, the serological studies are very much required after the vaccination program. The present study was aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibodies against structural proteins of FMD virus (FMDV) serotypes of O, A and Asia-1 in seven districts of western Uttar Pradesh, India, and assure the efficacy of vaccination under National Animal Disease Control Program. A total of 308 sera samples were collected from apparent healthy vaccinated cattle and buffaloes from seven districts including Amroha, Baghpat, Bareilly, Bulandsahar, Gautam Budh Nagar, Meerut and Muzaffarnagar of western Uttar Pradesh, India. Determination of antibodies against structural proteins of FMDV was carried out using solid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protective level of the FMDV serotypes O, A and Asia-1 included in the inactivated trivalent vaccine was 66.55, 48.05 and 47.08% in bovines, respectively. To provide the higher level of protection against the circulating FMDV, the present study recommended the thorough investigation of the immunogenic interaction between the vaccine strains and the field strains. Further investigations should also be conducted with larger sample size and across diverse geographical regions to gain a more comprehensive understanding of herd immunity.Keywords: Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus, India, Solid-Phase Blocking ELISA, Structural Protein
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Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the leading cause of heart disease worldwide, accounting for 90% of all heart disorders in women of childbearing age, and also accounts for 10% to 15% of maternal mortality.
Keywords: Cardioembolic stroke, Rheumatic heart disease, Atrial Fibrillation -
This paper is devoted to study $\mathcal{I}$-convergent,$\mathcal{I-}$null, $\mathcal{I-}$bounded and bounded sequence spaces in gradual normed linear spaces, denoted by $c_{\| \cdot \|_G} ^\mathcal{I} ,c_{0 \| \cdot \|_G} ^\mathcal{I} ,\ell_{\infty \| \cdot \|_G} ^\mathcal{I}, \ell_{\infty \| \cdot\|_G}, m_{\| \cdot \|_G} ^\mathcal{I}$ and $m_{0 \| \cdot \|_G} ^\mathcal{I}$ respectively. We discussed some algebraic and topological properties of these classes. Also, we studied some inclusions involving these spaces.Keywords: Gradual norm, Gradual normed liner space, Gradually I-convergent, Gradually I-Cauchy, Gradually I-bounded
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Background & Objective
At emergency department (ED) at different point of time different teams are involved in management of patients as per their posting/duty roster. So, a robust system should be in place to avoid major mishaps. The current study was an attempt to improve pediatric care at our Emergency Department through third-level Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model after training of pediatric resident doctors to use newly developed structured proforma while doing initial assessment of sick children at ED.
Materials & MethodsThis Quasi-experimental study included all departmental pediatric resident doctors and as per sample size calculation, 36 (pre-intervention) and 36 (post-intervention) computer-generated random selection records were reviewed from the total of serially arranged admissions of pediatric patients. The intervention was the implementation of a Structured proforma, and training of all departmental residents. All raters scored the records of patients on 47 & 51 items of documentation pre-and post-intervention periods respectively on a scale 0-2, 0 meaning ‘no mention’, 1-incomplete/improper mention and 2-complete/proper mention. Mean, standard deviation (SD) of scores were calculated item-wise, raters-wise and overall. Bland Altman analysis was done to find agreement in scoring among raters both in pre-and post-intervention.
ResultsThe mean (SD) and percentage of mean score were 32.93 (4.50) and 35.03% before intervention whereas 89.64 (4.35) and 87.88% post-intervention. This indicated 53.5% improvement post-intervention. Bland Altman analysis found good agreement post-intervention.
ConclusionThe introduction of Educational tool along with the training of pediatric resident doctors to implement it, has improved documentation process significantly.
Keywords: Educational Tool, Initial Assessment, Pediatric Acute Care, Pediatrics Resident Doctors -
Context:
External ear trauma is common and may range from simple abrasion to complete amputations. The auricle is an exposed part of the head which can be easily damaged by road traffic accidents. Early treatment in such patients may prevent cosmetic disfigurement and multiple sittings for secondary repair.
AimsThe aim was to study the presentation and management of patients with cartilage‑involving untidy complex lacerations of the pinna. This article mainly focuses on the management of such traumatic ear wounds. Settings and Design: A retrospective study was done in a tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. Subjects and
MethodsAll patients with cartilage‑involving complex lacerations of the pinna were included in the study.
ResultsAll patients had a successful recovery. The pinna wounds have a higher success rate even after primary repair despite the wound often being contaminated.
ConclusionsPrimary repair of the pinna is a straightforward and reliable treatment method as it can survive even with a narrow pedicle (superiorly or inferiorly based) due to its rich dual vascular network. Cosmesis being the realm of plastic surgeons, the majority of such cases can be managed with primary wound closure by otolaryngologists and physicians without causing much inconvenience, delay, and higher cost to the patient.
Keywords: Ear auricle, ear pinna, injury, laceration, trauma -
International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, Volume:12 Issue: 2, Spring 2023, PP 221 -233
Purpose :
The study was conducted to develop and assess the feasibility of the low-cost mechanical interface as an alternative to the conventional land-based bin type vermicomposting process. The idea was to reduce the drudgery, enrich the nutrient status and reduce the cost of preparation of vermicompost.
Method:
A smart vermicomposting bin comprising of Arduino, feeding hopper, shredding rollers, spiral mixing unit, degradation bin and harvesting gate was fabricated for the preparation of vermicompost from Dal Lake aquatic weed in Kashmir valley. Eisenia fetida earthworm facilitated the degradation process.
Results:
The Dal lake aquatic weed was degraded in the smart vermicomposting bin. The turning frequency was set as 10 days and 20 days. The performance parameters at 10 days turning interval were pH 7.05, electrical conductivity 0.837 dSm-1, available nitrogen 1.15%, available phosphorus 0.06%, available potassium 1.91%, organic carbon 26.2% and C:N ratio 16.3:1 after 60 days degradation period. The comparative evaluation revealed that increase in available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium at 10 days turning interval was higher by 4.01%, 6.06%, 4.94% than 20 days turning interval. The benefit – cost ratio was 0.45 in first year and 1.78 in second year with a pay-back period of 19 months. The unit cost of vermicompost production was Rs. 13 per kilogram.
Conclusion:
The involvement of mechanical intervention in vermicomposting can help in reducing the dependence on scarce land and addressing the issue of peak labour shortage. Moreover, the automation of the system can reduce the human errors.
Keywords: Arduino, vermicompost, Eisenia fetida, Dal lake aquatic weed, waste Management -
IntroductionDespite an agricultural country, India confronting malnutrition as a major public health challenge, where every second child is at risk of malnutrition. The nation ranking second in population with disproportionate rural and urban demography, further poor penetration of government assisted programs in remote, underserved areas fuelling the malnutrition in rural areas.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Community Medicine of Rohilkhand Medical College and Hospital. Total 465 schoolchildren in rural and urban areas of Bareilly district were screened for malnutrition and their socio-demographic profiles were studied.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of malnutrition in schoolchildren of Bareilly district was 40.2%. Fraction contributed by urban and rural territories was 35.2% and 43%, respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition was found higher in rural area as compared to urban area and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001).ConclusionThe study shows 43% prevalence of malnutrition in rural areas and under nutrition was the main cause of malnutrition attributed by poverty and illiteracy. However, urban areas reported 7.8% lower prevalence of malnutrition, but alarming trends of overweight and obesity 15.2%.Keywords: Malnutrition, Undernutrition, Rural, urban area, Schoolchildren
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Inherited defects of Uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase (UDPGT) can cause congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. The perioperative anesthetic management of such patients poses several challenges. Here we report a case of bilateral carcinoma breast with congenital unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia posted for bilateral modified radical mastectomy. The patient was administered general anesthesia with no perioperative deterioration of liver function.
Keywords: Hyperbilirubinemia, Gilbert syndrome, Crigler Najjar syndrome, Glucoronosyltransferase, Anesthesia -
Objective
Since April 2021, there has been significant increase in number of COVID-19 cases in India. As the caseload increased, so did the complications like pneumomediastinum (PM) and subcutaneous emphysema (SE).
Case PresentationWe present clinical course of 4 patients as case series of COVID-19 pneumonia who developed PM and SE during their management. Two cases with the need of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) recovered and two cases that needed invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) ultimately expired.
ConclusionThis case series highlights the importance of positive pressure ventilation via NIV and IMV as a predisposing factor for PM and SE as well as the need of strict vigilance by clinicians managing COVID-19 patients in IMV.
Keywords: COVID-19, Non invasive ventilation, Invasive mechanical ventilation -
Background
Malnutrition remains the ever challenging, public health concern irrespective of age and economic status. Although nutrition is essential irrespective of age but it has peerless role in the school days. The present study was conducted to assess the socio-economic predisposing factors of malnutrition among school children in the Bareilly district of North India.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out in Bareilly district of North India. A total of 465 school children were examined for nutritional status and socio-economic factors responsible for malnutrition. Applying multi-stage random sampling technique and pretested, pre-validated schedule was used for data collection which was compiled and analysed with Epi-Info software version 7.
ResultsThe study revealed 40% prevalence of malnutrition among school children. Socio- demographic factors such as gender, caste, type of family and residence were found statistically significant different with nutritional status of child (p<0.05). However, socio economic factors such as parental education, employment and socio economic conditions were discovered inversely related with malnutrition (p<0.05).
ConclusionThe study indicates the necessity to accelerate the government’s coping strategies to win over malnutrition in especially in underserved population of country.
Keywords: Malnutrition, School Children, Overweight, Underweight, Socio-economic Factors, Body Mass Index (BMI) -
Background
Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is one of the commonly encountered injuries in paediatric age group accounting for 16% of all paediatric fractures and 60% of all paediatric elbow fractures, classically occurring as a result of fall on an outstretched hand. Regional anesthesia may represent one of the best solutions for intraoperative and postoperative paediatric pain management however, due to lack of proficiency and the increased risk of complications in children and difficulty in obtaining cooperation compared to adults, it is not the method of choice for most of the anesthesiologists in children.
MethodsA total of 50 paediatric patients were included who were to undergo CRPP and divided into two groups Group I- General anaesthesia alone (n = 25), Group II- General anaesthesia with USG guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block studied for the intraoperative opioid consumption as well as postoperative analgesia quality, duration and Opioid consumption.
ResultsDemographic data were similar in both groups (I and II). Time to first dose of analgesia after surgery in the group I was 54.8±5.4 min and 746.6±40.2 min (p<0.001). The incidence of PONV was 24% (group I) and 16% (GroupII). Duration of analgesia was significantly higher (746.6±40.2 min) and mean pain scores lower in first 24 hour. The fentanyl consumption was higher intraoperatively and rescue analgesic doses were more in group I.
ConclusionUSG guided brachial plexus block is an excellent and effective means for analgesia in CRPP for supracondylar fracture with lower intraoperative Opioid consumption and better postoperative analgesia , lower pain scores and Opioid consumption in first 24 hour post operative period.
Keywords: Closed reduction, percutaneous pinning (CRPP), Ultrasound guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block, Opioid -
گلکاری به یکی از مشاغل سودآور حیاتی در کشاورزی هند تبدیل شده است. گل های مهم تجارت بین المللی شامل سوسن، جعفری، رز، لاله، داوودی، میخک، مریم، Crossandra (گل ترقه) و غیره است. برآورد عملکرد در زمان برداشت گل از جنبه های مهم در گلکاری است که به راهبرد بازاریابی آن ها کمک می کند. بنابراین، بررسی حاضر بر سوسن و جعفری تمرکز دارد که به ترتیب گل های بریدنی و بریدنی بی ساقه شناخته شده ای هستند. برداشت گل های بریدنی زمانی آغاز می شود که جوانه ها آغاز به رنگ گیری می کنند در حالی که گل های بریدنی بی ساقه بسته به نوع، زمانی که به اندازه کامل برسند برداشت می شوند. به طور معمول، تخمین عملکرد به صورت دستی با شمارش جوانه ها و گل ها انجام می شود، که اغلب اشتباه و وقت گیر است. در این مقاله سعی شده است با استفاده از فنون پردازش تصویر دیجیتال، یک سیستم خودکار برای شمارش جوانه های سوسن و جعفری در زمان برداشت ایجاد شود. این فرآیند شامل تصویربرداری، پیش پردازش، آستانه گذاری، تحلیل و در پایان شمارش جوانه ها/گل ها برای تخمین عملکرد است. اعتبارسنجی نتایج با مقایسه نتایج به دست آمده از روش دستی و همچنین شمارش خودکار انجام شده است. کل این روند چهار بار با چهار عکس متفاوت برای قضاوت در مورد روایی فنون تکرار شد. نتیجه به دست آمده برای سوسن 61/95% و برای جعفری 66/96% روایی داشت. گردش کار سیستماتیک با جوانب مثبت و منفی در این مقاله مورد بحث قرار گرفته است.
Floriculture has become one of the vital profitable businesses in Indian agriculture. The important flowers which are internationally traded include lilium, tagetes, rose, tulip, chrysanthemum, carnation, tuberose, crossandra, etc. Estimation of yield at the time of harvesting of flowers is an important aspect in these floriculture businesses which help strategize their marketing. The present study thus focuses on Lilium and Tagetes (marigold), which are well-known cut and loose flowers, respectively. Cut flowers are harvested when buds start showing color while loose flowers are harvested depending upon the varieties when it attains full size. Conventionally, yield estimations are done manually by counting buds and flowers, which is often erroneous and time-consuming. This paper attempts to develop an automated system for counting Lilium buds and Tagetes flowers at the time of its harvesting using digital image processing techniques. The process implicates image acquisition, pre-processing, thresholding, watershed and finally buds/flower counting for yield estimation. The validation of the results has been done by comparing the results obtained through the manual method as well as by automated counting. The entire process was repeated four times with four different photos to judge the robustness of the techniques. The obtained result was 95.61% accurate for Lilium and 96.66% in the case of Tagetes, airing the possibilities of using the approach. The systematic workflow with pros and cons has been discussed in this paper.
Keywords: Floriculture, Counting, Digital Image Processing, Thresholding, Yield estimation -
CONTEXT
Empathy is considered to be backbone of the patient–physician relationship. The consultation and relational empathy (CARE) measure is widely used internationally to measure empathy. However, no validated tool is available to gather patient feedback on dentists’ empathy in India.
OBJECTIVEThe objective of this study was to explore the reliability and validity of a CARE measure and to assess the factors influencing CARE score and to determine if there was an association between their CARE score and satisfaction of the patient. SETTING AND DESIGN: A cross‑sectional study was done in dental colleges. SUBJECTS AND
METHODSA questionnaire study was carried out among 100 patients from 6 dental colleges in Bangalore using validated CARE measure. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Internal consistency of items was evaluated by the Cronbach’s alpha, and construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis. Satisfaction was assessed by a question response on 5‑point Likert scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed with significance set at 5%.
RESULTSThe mean CARE score was 43.80 ± 5.36. Internal reliability was high (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.859) and was reduced by the removal of any of 10 items. High corrected item‑total correlations ranged from 0.752 to 0.847. Factor analysis showed a single solution with high item loadings (>0.80). Self‑perception of overall health (odds ratio [OR] = 3.78), relationship with family (OR = 4.61) and friends (OR = 3.78), and previous dental experience (OR = 16.00) were more likely, whereas dentist‑provided treatment (OR = 0.20), number (OR = 0.07) and dental treatment taken (OR = 0.13), presence of anxiety (OR = 0.03), and fear (OR = 0.05) were less likely to have CARE score. The satisfaction of the patient regressed significantly with the relationship with family members (ß = 0.77) and CARE score (ß = 0.21).
CONCLUSIONThis study confirms the educational opportunity and implementation of CARE in dental students. CARE scores among patients varied depending on personal factors and dental treatment‑related factors. The satisfaction of the patient was influenced by the relationship with family members and CARE scores.
Keywords: CARE measure, dentist, empathy, factor analysis, India, students -
IntroductionInternal jugular vein ectasia is a condition in which there is a dilatation of the internal jugular vein. A patient usually presents in the first decade with swelling in the neck, which aggravates in size while straining or coughing. This is a very rare condition and the chances of misdiagnosis are quite high. It is diagnosed by proper history taking, examination, and radiological study. Case Report: We reported the case of a seven-year-old female presenting with right-sided swelling in the neck aggravating in size while straining or coughing. Regular follow-up was advised. Swelling regression was observed after one year of follow-up without any surgical treatment.ConclusionThis is a self-limiting condition and usually the treatment is not warranted. Regular follow-up is advised for the patient.Keywords: Jugular vein, management, Phlebectasia
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BackgroundThe present study was carried out for determination of amino acid content in tubers of Dioscorea bulbifera using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.MethodsThe method involved the vapor phase hydrolysis of the sample, automated derivatisation of the amino acids with the aid of AccQ-Fluor reagent kit, separated on a high performance liquid chromatography equipped with photo diode array (HPLC-PDA) at 254 nm having column temperature of 37 ºC.ResultsThe proportional molar concentration for each amino acid was calculated based on the concentration of standard amino acids and expressed as μg amino acid/mg sample. Methionine, aspartic acid and leucine were major components while as tyrosine was found minor from the plant on dry weight basis.ConclusionThe method is reliable, simple and economical for determining the amino acid content of Dioscorea bulbifera tubers.Keywords: Dioscorea bulbifera, Amino acids, High performance liquid chromatography, AccQ-Fluor
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BackgroundA greater understanding of impact of occupational dental erosion on oral health‑related quality of life (OHRQoL) will sensitize both employee and employers to adopt strict protective measures for oral health. The research aimed to determine the relationship between occupational dental erosion and OHRQoL among battery and other factory workers in Bengaluru, India.Materials and MethodsThis cross‑sectional comparative study enrolled a total of 400 workers. Structured proforma assessed information on sociodemographic details, oral hygiene practices, adverse oral habits, and work‑related practices. OHRQoL was determined using oral health impact profile‑14 (OHIP‑14). Dental erosion was measured using Smith and Knight’s tooth wear index modified by Millward et al. 1994 scoring system. independent t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test and Spearman’s correlation was performed. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age of the participants in the study and control groups was 43.11 ± 8.02 and 45.93 ± 6.16 years, respectively. Less than half of the participants in the study group had positive behavioral work practice. The prevalence and severity of dental erosion was significantly higher in study group (39.5%) than control group (11.5%). Mean OHIP‑14 score was significantly lower in study group (23.88 ± 0.88) than control group (26.06 ± 9.67). Dental erosion significantly correlated with work experience and OHIP‑14.ConclusionThe findings highlight the impact of occupational dental erosion on OHRQoL. Measures to enhance occupational safety thereby reducing exposure to occupational hazards are needed.Keywords: Acid, dental erosion, occupational, oral health, quality of life
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Wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) is one of the advanced machining processes. Response surface methodology coupled with Grey relation analysis method has been proposed and used to optimise the machining parameters of WEDM. A face centred cubic design is used for conducting experiments on high speed steel (HSS) M2 grade workpiece material. The regression model of significant factors such as pulse-on time, pulse-off time, peak current, and wire feed is considered for optimising the responses variables material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness and Kerf width. The optimal condition of the machining parameter was obtained using the Grey relation grade. ANOVA is applied to determine significance of the input parameters for optimising the Grey relation grade.
Keywords: Wire- cut, EDM, Response surface methodology, Grey relation analysis, WEDM
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