Journal of Medical Education Development
Volume:16 Issue: 52, Winter 2024

Undergraduate anesthesia students benefit from motivational self-regulation strategies when facing specific academic challenges to maintain and improve their academic motivation. Due to the absence of valid and reliable instruments to assess these strategies, the present study aimed at the psychometrical analysis of MSMQ (Metamotivational Strategies in Medical Students) which is used to measure meta-motivational strategies in undergraduate anesthesia students.

In this psychometric study, 358 undergraduate anesthesia students were selected by convenience sampling method. The research community included undergraduate anesthesia students in Iran, and the MSMQ questionnaire was provided for them to complete. Its validity was determined by face and content validity methods, and its reliability was determined by the internal consistency method. The confirmatory factor analysis method was used to check construct validity.

The CVI and CVR values were obtained at ≥ 0.80 for all items. In the confirmatory factor analysis, the factor loading of all items was reported to be ≤ 0.40, and the mentioned instrument enjoyed the goodness of fit indices (RMSEA = 0.064, NNFI = 0.96, CFI = 0.97, SRMR = 0.06, GFI = 0.86). Acceptable reliability coefficients were obtained for the subscales, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire was 0.922.

As evidenced by the results of this study, the MSMQ questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument; therefore, it can be used for Iranian undergraduate anesthesia students.

The use of team-based learning (TBL) as one of the active learning strategies in the education of nursing students is expanding. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of employing the TBL method on improving the knowledge of the cardiovascular system in nursing students.

This semi-experimental study was conducted on nursing students of Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Iran, in 2017. The students were divided into intervention (TBL method) and comparison (traditional lecture method) groups. The intervention group was taught by the TBL method, while the control group received teaching by the lecture method during three 2-hour sessions. Pre-test and post-test were administered to all students. The data were analyzed using SPSS23 software and the significance level was considered ≤ 0.05.

The results showed a significant difference among the students in the intervention group, whose mean score of knowledge increased from 12.45±5.22 before the test to 32.26±4.25 after the test (P<0.001). Moreover, the comparison of the post-test mean scores in the intervention (32.26±4.25) and control (17.33±4.05) indicated a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.03).

The adoption of novel educational methods, such as TBL, in the education of nursing students can improve their knowledge.

With student-centered teaching-learning making the forefront in medical education, this qualitative study was set out to investigate the perceptions of students on the factors that enable or impede the outcome achievement of problem-based method of teaching-learning.

Ten students embarking their year 2 Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) study in a private university in Malaysia agreed to participate in this study. The students were subjected to semi-structured, in-depth, one-to-one interviews following their consent. The interview protocol was prepared following guidelines, objectives of the study and from the available literature. The data thus collected was subjected to thematic analysis using NVivo.

Analysis revealed emergence of codes such as student characteristics and perception, facilitators, team factors, content and conduct of problem-based learning. These codes were then collapsed into themes. The major themes or factors that enabled or impeded the outcomes of PBL were student factors, facilitator factors and factors related to the learning environment.

The study concluded that among the various factors that enable or impede PBL teaching-learning method, there are pros and cons among the student, facilitators and learning environment that may facilitate or impede the realisation of PBL outcomes. This study would shed light into the students’ perception of PBL and enable facilitators to ensure that PBLs are student-friendly.

At emergency department (ED) at different point of time different teams are involved in management of patients as per their posting/duty roster. So, a robust system should be in place to avoid major mishaps. The current study was an attempt to improve pediatric care at our Emergency Department through third-level Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model after training of pediatric resident doctors to use newly developed structured proforma while doing initial assessment of sick children at ED.

This Quasi-experimental study included all departmental pediatric resident doctors and as per sample size calculation, 36 (pre-intervention) and 36 (post-intervention) computer-generated random selection records were reviewed from the total of serially arranged admissions of pediatric patients. The intervention was the implementation of a Structured proforma, and training of all departmental residents. All raters scored the records of patients on 47 & 51 items of documentation pre-and post-intervention periods respectively on a scale 0-2, 0 meaning ‘no mention’, 1-incomplete/improper mention and 2-complete/proper mention. Mean, standard deviation (SD) of scores were calculated item-wise, raters-wise and overall. Bland Altman analysis was done to find agreement in scoring among raters both in pre-and post-intervention.

The mean (SD) and percentage of mean score were 32.93 (4.50) and 35.03% before intervention whereas 89.64 (4.35) and 87.88% post-intervention. This indicated 53.5% improvement post-intervention. Bland Altman analysis found good agreement post-intervention.

The introduction of Educational tool along with the training of pediatric resident doctors to implement it, has improved documentation process significantly.

Clinical environment is a significant component in relation to students' learning. Exposure to the challenges of the clinical learning environment has some consequences for students and can affect their learning. Identifying these consequences will moderate the challenges, and therefore, improve the quality of learning in such environments. The present study aimed to explain the consequences of exposure to clinical learning challenges among operating room students.

This study was conducted based on the qualitative content analysis approach at Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran, in 2022. A total of 14 surgical technology students were selected by a purposeful sampling method. The required data were collected using in-depth, semi-structured face-to-face interviews. The data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's approach.

The results of the study revealed two categories (i.e., learning distress and using harmful clinical shortcuts) and four subcategories (i.e., feeling of helplessness in learning, anxiety, incomplete care, and wrong modeling). Under the conditions and challenges in the learning environment, students felt helpless toward learning, experienced anxiety, and suffered from learning distress. It was also found that in the clinical learning atmosphere, when faced with the existing challenges, the students would be likely to facilitate the care process and attempt to do unprincipled care by imitating the wrong personnel examples.

Faced with the learning challenges of the clinical environment, the operating room students suffered from learning stress and resorted to harmful clinical shortcuts. Examining students' anxiety and their disappointment and helplessness toward the conditions and challenges of clinical education, identifying clinical wrong patterns in the care process, as well as modifying the care process provided by the personnel as wrong role models of students can have an effective impact in reducing the existing consequences.

Self-directed learning (SDL) as an effective strategy in surgical technology students can significantly help to improve their skills and clinical competence. The present study aimed to determine SDL ability and its relationship with Perceived Perioperative Competence in senior undergraduate surgical technology students.

 Materials & Methods:

The present descriptive study was conducted based on a cross-sectional design. This research included 207 final-year surgical technology students via the census method. Data collection tools included a demographic characteristics form, the Self-Directed Learning Instrument (SDLI) developed by Su-Fen Cheng (2010), and the Perceived Perioperative Competence scale. After collecting the data, they were analyzed in SPSS version software (version 20).

The mean SDL and clinical competence scores were reported as 73.8±8.9(intermediate level) and 107.2±17.3 (intermediate level), respectively. Among various dimensions of perceived clinical competence, interaction with colleagues had the highest value (3.4±0.6). Among the dimensions of SDL, interpersonal communication obtained the highest value (3.8±0.4). To investigate the relationship between SDL and clinical competence, Kendall's Tau and Spearman's correlation coefficients were obtained at 0.601 and 0.794, respectively, pointing to the significant positive relationship between the two variables (P<0.001).

As evidenced by the obtained results, the SDL ability predicts the clinical competence of surgical technology students; therefore, revising the curricula of surgical technology students at the BS level and paying attention to the principle of student-centeredness in the education process, along with conducting training courses on SDL principles, can improve students' clinical competence.

The development of faculty members contributes greatly to maintaining the quality of services and products of Medical Universities and improving the health of society. Therefore, the design of development programs should be based on a comprehensive model to attract the participation of faculty members. The present study aimed to determine the effective factors on the development model of faculty members.

This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out using the census method on 363 faculty members of Babol University of Medical Sciences in 2021. The data were collected by a valid and reliable online questionnaire based on the Development Model. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS (version 21) and AMOS (version 26) software packages.

Faculty members with a mean age of 47.42±7.13 participated in this study, 221 of whom (60.9%) were clinical. The total mean of the development questionnaire was 343.20±45.86 (out of 396), falling in the "good" category. The Development Model had a good fit. All path coefficients between model constructs were significant (P<0.01). The causal, intervening, and contextual conditions, central phenomenon, and development strategies were the predictors of development consequnces. The development model predicted 97%, 97%, and 100% of the variance of central phenomenon, strategies, and development consequnces, respectively.

In this study, causal, intervening, and contextual conditions, core phenomenon, and strategies were reported as effective factors in the development of faculty members of Babol University of Medical Sciences. It is necessary to consider these factors and the structural relationships between them in the design, implementation, and evaluation of related programs according to the Development Model of faculty members.

The high number of COVID-19 cases in Jakarta is due to inadequate pandemic preparation. Educating community figures using a content-verified e-module is one way to improve the community's preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic while adapting to the changes brought on by the pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate the validity of the COVID-19 preparedness e-module for dasa wisma cadres, who are the heads of several households grouped in a Dasa Wisma group.

Using the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (ADDIE) method, a COVID-19 preparedness e-module was developed for the dasa wisma cadres. Enumerators (n = 2), respondents (n = 20), and experts (n = 11) conducted the evaluation asynchronously using online communication software. Enumerators evaluated one variable, respondents evaluated four, and experts evaluated eight. The evaluation utilized a 4-point Likert scale.

The evaluation yielded the following

comprehension (3.40), attractiveness (3.70 & 3.72), acceptance (3.65 & 3.78), involvement (3.50 & 3.49), inducement (3.60 & 3.29), clarity (3.60), sufficiency (3.51), coherence (3.62), and significance (3.63). (3.80). The outcomes were reliable (3.28–4.00; variance 0.72).

The COVID-19 preparedness module is valid for enhancing COVID-19 preparedness.

Students constantly go through experiences that can be a source of physical, emotional, or psychological stress. Dysfunctional attitudes are the root of numerous mental health problems. On the other hand, perceived social support is recognized as one of the most effective solutions in the treatment of stress and its related disorders. The present study aimed to assess the relationship of social support and dysfunctional attitude with perceived academic stress in the students of Ferdows School of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 121 students of Ferdows School of Allied Medicine and Public Health who were selected via stratified sampling method in the academic year 2019-2020. The data collection tools were demographic characteristics form and three standard questionnaires of social support appraisals (SS-A) scale, Vaux A, Student Life Stress Inventory (SLSI), and Dysfunctional Attitude Scale(DAS-26). Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 22) using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test to determine whether sample data is normally distributed, Pearson and Spearman correlation test to check the relationship between variables, and independent t-test and analysis of variance to compare means between two groups. A p-value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean scores of academic stress and perceived social support of students were reported as 2.61±0.49 and 2.42±0.47, respectively, which were lower than the average. Moreover, the mean score of dysfunctional attitude (110.24±78.5) was higher than the standard. Pearson's correlation test pointed to a significant relationship between social support and academic stress (r=0.36; P< 0.001), dysfunctional attitude and academic stress (P=0.006; r = -0.24) and dysfunctional attitude and social support (P=0.005; R=-0.25).

The results of the present study pointed out that the variables were closely related to each other, highlighting the importance of these issues in student life. In other words, in order to adjust to academic stress, which is the cause of failure and disruption in academic performance, attention should be paid to various factors at the level of the university, society, and most importantly, family where a person is raised. In this regard, culture building is necessary at the university, society, and family level to shape people's attitudes positively and develop creative thinking based on hope and a burning desire for construction.

Nowadays, modern technologies and advancements in the digital world are making dramatic changes in various processes of human life faster than ever before. Amid this, education also strives to keep up with the technological world in response to the needs of the new generation of students. In the past few years, with the increasing expansion of educational technologies, the new concept of "teacher as a hacker" has emerged as a metaphor to demonstrate a new model of teaching and learning reforms in education. At first glance, the meaning that this concept brings to mind appears to be negative and associated with the world of computers. Nonetheless, in recent years, hacking has also become a part of educational terminology. This essay aims to explore the hidden aspects of the concept of "teacher as a hacker" to provide a new lens for empowering university professors and improving educational processes.