فهرست مطالب farahnaz tavakoli

The use of Abiotic elicitors is very important in biosynthetic pathways that lead to the formation and regulation of secondary metabolites. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Low temperature elicitors on the amount of hypericin, flavonoids, phenol, antioxidant capacity and dry weight of ).Seeds of Topaz cultivar, Pharmasat Germany, with 99% purity and 85% potency, were prepared for the ability to produce secondary metabolites. Seeds were grown in MS medium in sterile containers and stored in a growth chamber at 25±1 ° C with light rotation for 8 hours in the dark and 16 hours of light with fluorescent light. This study was performed as a factorial study in a completely randomized design with three replications and the effect of temperatures of 4, 8, 16 and 25 ° C for 24 hours, 72 hours and one week. The highest amount of hypericin at 4 ° C for one week and 72 hours with 0.59 and 0.55 μg / g dry matter, respectively, and the highest antioxidant capacity at 4 ° C for one week at 0.87% was observed. With increasing temperature to 16 degrees (for 24 hours) the lowest amount of hypericin and antioxidant capacity was observed. Applying a temperature of 4 degrees for a week increased the amount of flavonoids. The highest amount of phenol was obtained in the samples treated at 4 ° C for one week and 72 hours with the amount of 5.65 and 5.03 mg / g dry matter, respectively. Applying 4 ° C for one week had the greatest effect on the dry weight of the plant. Due to the increase in secondary metabolites of hypericin, phenol, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity of H. perforatum after application of 4 ° C treatment (for one week and 72 hours), the use of this elicitor to increase secondary metabolites of H. perforatum Recommended.

The application of nanotechnology is a novel way of plant nutrition and a valuable technique to reduce environmental hazards by increasing yields in different agricultural sectors. In order to evaluate the content of secondary metabolites and some physiological traits of saffron a completely randomized design with 5 replications was conducted in a greenhouse, under the influence on 2 mM nano elicitor of silica concentration. The results showed that the highest amounts of crocin, picrocrocin, crocetin and safranal were obtained by nano silica treatment with 29.65%, 24.62%, 0.06% and 0.08%, respectively. The most value of inhibitory power of IC50 was due to the application of nano-silica treatment. The highest activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase was observed in nano silica and the lowest in control. The highest amount of hydrogen peroxide was observed in 2 mM nano silica treatment with 19.85 (μmol/g). The highest proline content was 57.20 μmol/g and the highest amount of hydrogen peroxide was 68.57% in 2 mM nano silica. The highest amounts of chlorophyll a, b and total were obtained with 9.78, 2.91, and 13.02 mg / g in 2 mM nano silica, respectively.

Saffron is the most perennial plant species considered as valuable medicinal and aromatic plant worldwide. Dried stigmas (saffron) of Crocus sativus is commonly used as a flavor, food coloring and a drug and comprises several beta carotenes including a yellow pigment Crocins, a bitter-tasting substance Picrocrocin and a good perfume Safranal which not only exerts a hypoglycemic effect but also expressions antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. this study evaluated the effect of PEG 6000 on some secondary metabolite content and morphophysiological traits. The results showed that the highest and lowest levels of proline, relative water content, hydrogen peroxide and chlorophyll a, b and total pigments were obtained in 12% polyethylene glycol treatment and control treatment, respectively. The highest content of Crocins, Picrocrocin and Crocetin were obtained using PEG 12% by 29.04%,24.17% and 0.04% respectively. The highest and lowest IC50 inhibitory potency was observed in 12% polyethylene glycol and control treatments, respectively. The optimum enzyme activity (unit/mg) of superoxide dismutase, catalase and Ascorbate peroxidase were also triggered by the application of PEG 12%. The results of the present study showed that the application of polyethylene glycol elicitor improves the content of important secondary metabolites and morphophysiological characteristics of saffron plant and this solution can be suggested to increase the economic productivity of saffron.

 Percutaneous kidney biopsy has been established as a safe, reliable and minimally invasive method for diagnosing abnormalities. This study aims to describe the author’s experience with biopsy of the kidney and to compare the results between sitting and prone position in terms of the safety and relevant complications.

Patients were divided into two groups: prone and sitting position based on the clinician’s and patient’s preferences for the biopsy. Followed by kidney biopsy, its relevant complications were analyzed in both groups. Then, data and the mean number of obtained glomeruli in each group were compared.

Apart from sweating, presumably due to the prone position, no significant differences were found regarding the side effects including dizziness, seizure, nausea, and vomiting between the two groups. The number of obtained glomeruli was not significantly different between prone and sitting position.

In comparison with the prone position, kidney biopsy at sitting position is a good choice of procedure at least for patients who could not tolerate prone position. We recommend sitting position for kidney biopsy owing to the lower side effect and more comfortable experience for many patients. However, clinician may probably become a bit uncomfortable with this position.