فهرست مطالب hossein masigol

Aquatic hyphomycetes equipped with a rich array of extracellular enzymes are involved in bioremediation of anthropogenic pollutants, plastics, aromatic contaminants and petroleum hydrocarbons. The current study contributes to the knowledge of Iranian aquatic hyphomycetes. Sampling was conducted in Anzali lagoon, Gilan province, Iran during 2017. Among 55 fungal isolates obtained during this study, eight species including Arthrobotrys oligosporus, Ceratorhiza hydrophila, Fusarium cf. ensiforme, F. incarnatum species complex, Myrmecridium schulzeri, Paecilomyces variotii, Sarocladium subulatum, and Volutella citrinella were identified based on their morphological characteristics. Furthermore, three species assigned to the genera Arthrobotrys, Fusarium and Sarocladium remained unidentified. Molecular studies using mainly ITS, LSU and SSU rDNA and in some cases β-tubulin (tub2) and translation elongation factor 1-a (tef1) determined the phylogenetic position of the isolates among closely related species. The occurrence of members of Fusarium, Sarocladium, and Ceratorhiza, known as rice disease agents, in freshwater ecosystems is interesting. This is the first report of aquatic hyphomycetes communities in Anzali lagoon, Iran. In this study, Sarocladium subulatum, Myrmecridium schulzeri, and Volutella citrinella are reported for the first time for Iran.

لَقَدْ كانَ فى قَصَصِهِمْ عِبْرَةٌ لاِوُلِى الاَْلْبابِ Indeed, in their stories is a lesson for those of understanding. Between the years of 1845 to 1849, prevalence of a pathogenic fungi plant diseases resulted to the destruction of a large part of the potato crops of Ireland. This great disaster caused many changes in the political, social and cultural situation of Ireland and Britain. The fanatically religious beliefs of Irish and theirs adherence to superstitions and the subtle policy of the United States of America administration in attracting Irish immigrants, along with the changes occurred in Irish literature are some considerable issues of this event. In this paper, the authors tried to show the interaction of involved factors between and after the events and to present the tangled political, religious and cultural factors in this country. The emergence of the science of plant disease or plant pathology (phytopathology) as a result of efforts of scientists during several centuries that has recognized as a outcome of the that famine, the shake of some weak basis of sciences and the importance of the attention of scholars of humanities, in the social, historical and economics fields, to some areas such as the role of the organisms which causing damage to crops in the formation of economic, social, cultural and political changes, have been noted in this paper.