mohan kumar

The ABO and Rh blood group systems have been associated with variations in disease susceptibility. This study aimed to assess the variability in blood parameters, including red cell parameters and metabolic parameters (Renal function, hepatic function, blood glucose, lipid profile, and thyroid function), by ABO and Rh blood grouping systems.

A secondary data analysis was conducted among patients who underwent a preventive health check-up at a private tertiary care hospital in Coimbatore, India. The laboratory database contained records of 62,808 adult participants who reported for master health check-ups between January 2017 and February 2024. Among these patients, those who reported for the first time were included.

Blood grouping and typing data were available for 50,368 and 56,155 participants, respectively, with a mean age range of 52.6 to 53.0 years across all blood groups. The most prevalent blood group was O, followed by B, A, and AB, with a similar distribution across genders. The mean hemoglobin level was highest in the B group (13.7 ± 13.9 g/dl). MCH and MCV values were elevated in the A and O groups, while MCHC and ESR were higher in the B and AB groups. Renal and liver parameters mostly did not vary by blood group or Rh type, except for elevated urea levels in the A group and higher ALP levels in the O and Rh-positive groups. LDL and total cholesterol were highest in the A group, while HDL was highest in the AB group.

The results underscore the importance of considering blood group variations when interpreting blood parameters in clinical practice.

In this paper, the authors provide the generalized Ulam-Hyers stability of a Cauchy Additive functional equation with quality and certainty of the approximation in generalized Z-numbers.

Viral hepatitis is increasingly being recognized as a public health problem, requiring special attention. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that in 2019, 296 million people globally (3.8%) had chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and 58 million people (0.8%) were living with hepatitis C virus (HCV). To add to this, every year, about 1.5 million people are newly infected with either hepatitis B or C viruses. The Global Health Sector Strategy (GHSS) has aimed to eliminate viral hepatitis as a major public health problem by 2030.

We conducted a desk review to identify strategies for preventing viral hepatitis and develop a roadmap to attain the sustainable development goals (SDG) target by 2030 (particularly in low- and middle-income countries). A search was done in PubMed via Medline on 1 December 2022.

The focus has to be on key interventions, including hepatitis B vaccination (part of the routine child immunization along with rescheduling the birth dose to up to 7 days post-term, adult vaccination, for targeted groups like health care providers, rag pickers, waste handlers, and sanitation workers), ensuring safe injection practices and blood transfusion, harm reduction interventions for people who inject drugs (PWID), adequate testing for early diagnosis, and ensuring appropriate treatment.

It is the need of the hour to prioritize key interventions identified in the review for preventing viral hepatitis.

In the present work, the BiVO4 nanoparticles (BiVO4/NPs) were synthesized using the co-precipitation method and characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The BiVO4/NPs were utilized as electrode modifiers with carbon paste electrode (BiVO4/MCPE), and the as-prepared modified electrode surface was pretreated with NaOH (BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE). The pretreated modified electrode was used for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen (ACOP) and adrenaline (AD) by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The influence of variation of concentration of ACOP and AD was investigated at BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of both ACOP and AD at BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE, respectively were determined, the LOD was found to be 3.3 µM for ACOP and 5.9 μM for AD, and LOQ was found to be 11.1 µM for ACOP and 17.8 μM for AD, respectively. Moreover, the BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE is used for the sensitive and selective determination of ACOP and AD in real samples.

In the present work, the BiVO4 nanoparticles (BiVO4/NPs) were synthesized using the co-precipitation method and characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The BiVO4/NPs were utilized as electrode modifiers with carbon paste electrode (BiVO4/MCPE), and the as-prepared modified electrode surface was pretreated with NaOH (BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE). The pretreated modified electrode was used for the simultaneous determination of acetaminophen (ACOP) and adrenaline (AD) by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The influence of variation of concentration of ACOP and AD was investigated at BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of both ACOP and AD at BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE, respectively were determined, the LOD was found to be 3.3 µM for ACOP and 5.9 μM for AD, and LOQ was found to be 11.1 µM for ACOP and 17.8 μM for AD, respectively. Moreover, the BiVO4/NaOH/MCPE is used for the sensitive and selective determination of ACOP and AD in real samples.

Cancer of the breast is a difficult disease to treat since it weakens the patient's immune system. Particular interest has lately been shown in the identification of particular immune signals for a variety of malignancies in this regard. In recent years, several methods for predicting cancer based on proteomic datasets and peptides have been published. The cells turns into cancerous cells because of various reasons and get spread very quickly while detrimental to normal cells. In this regard, identifying specific immunity signs for a range of cancers has recently gained a lot of interest. Accurately categorizing and compartmentalizing the breast cancer subtype is a vital job. Computerized systems built on artificial intelligence can substantially save time and reduce inaccuracy. Several strategies for predicting cancer utilizing proteomic datasets and peptides have been reported in the literature in recent years.It is critical to classify and categorize breast cancer treatments correctly. It's possible to save time while simultaneously minimizing the likelihood of mistakes using machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches. Using the Wisconsin Breast Cancer Diagnostic dataset, this study evaluates the performance of various classification methods, including SVC, ETC, KNN, LR, and RF (random forest). Breast cancer can be detected and diagnosed using a variety of measurements of data (which are discussed in detail in the article) (WBCD). The goal is to determine how well each algorithm performs in terms of precision, recall, and accuracy. The variation of each classification threshold has been tested on various algorithms and SVM turned out to be very promising.

The comparative kinetic study of the oxidation process of ambroxol hydrochloride (AMH) by potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in an alkaline aqueous environment in the presence and absence of palladium (II) catalyst has been analyzed at 25oC. The reaction shows the dependence of the first order on KMnO4 and fractional order with respect to AMH, sodium hydroxide medium. The addition of the salt component has no effect on the reaction. Dependence of temperature, dielectric constant and intervention of free radicals had been also studied. The reaction stoichiometry was found to be 1:1 relative to the substrate and oxidant respectively. The obtained oxidation products are identified as 2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzaldehyde hydrochloride and 4-aminocyclohexanone by liquid chromatography-mass spectra. Thermodynamic parameters such as, change in entropy, enthalpy and free energy, and activation energy regarding the slow step of the mechanism are calculated and included in the table. Moreover, a suitable mechanism for the reaction is proposed and rate laws are derived and verified.

High and low-level concentrations of uric acid (UA) lead to several diseases and physiological disorders. A simple method or sensor is required for the detection of UA. In this work, we have prepared a NiO nanoparticles/ carbon paste electrode (NiONPs/CPE) as an electrochemical sensor and applied it for the detection of UA. Electrochemical parameters such as the effect of pH, scan rate, and concentration were studied. The obtained results represent the excellent electrocatalytic activity of NiONPs/CPE with a diffusion-controlled electrode process. The electrocatalytic process was pH-dependent with a slope of 59 mV/pH. Peak current increased linearly with the increases in UA concentrations. The detection limit was found to be 0.1 mm for the linear range from 0.19 mM to 49 mM. The NiONPs/CPE electrodes exhibited good sensitivity for the detection of UA. As a result, this work is expected to be used for the development of a sensor for the detection of UA.

The prevalence of chronic renal failure is increasing because of increase in chronic debilitating diseases and progressing age of population. These patients experience accumulation of metabolic byproducts and electrolyte imbalance, which has harmful effects on their health. Timely hemodialysis at regular intervals is a life-saving procedure for these patients. Salivary diagnostics is increasingly used as an alternative to the traditional methods. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the diagnostic effi cacy of saliva in chronic renal failure patients.
This case–control study included 82 individuals, of which 41 were chronic renal failure patients and 41 were age- and sex-matched controls. Blood and saliva were collected and centrifuged. Serum and supernatant saliva were used for biochemical analysis. Serum and salivary urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphorus were evaluated and correlated in chronic renal failure patients using unpaired t-test, Pearson’s correlation coeffi cient, diagnostic validity tests, and receiver operative curve.
When compared to serum; salivary urea, creatinine, sodium, and potassium showed diagnostic accuracy of 93%, 91%, 73%, and 89%, respectively, based on the fi ndings of study.
It can be concluded that salivary investigation is a dependable, noninvasive, noninfectious, simple, and quick method for screening the mineral and metabolite values of high-risk patients and monitoring the renal failure patients.

Zinc oxide (ZnO) modified carbon paste electrode (MCPE) was used for the electrochemical studies of potassium ferrocyanide (K4[Fe(CN)6]) and uric acid (UA). The effect of amount of ZnO in carbon paste electrode (CPE), scan rate and concentration studies of K4[Fe(CN)6] and UA were carried out. The electrochemical sensitivity of CPE/Triton X-100(TX-100), CPE/ZnO/TX-100, CPE/cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), CPE/ZnO/CTAB, CPE/Polyglycine (PG) and CPE/ZnO/PG were studied towards uric acid.

Pregnancy tumor is a benign, hyperplastic lesion of the gingiva, considered to be reactive or traumatic rather than neoplastic in nature. The term pyogenic granuloma is a misnomer as it is not filled with pus or granulomatous tissue histologically. It is multi factorial in nature, which shows an exaggerated response to stimuli such as low grade or chronic irritation, trauma or hormonal variations. Higher levels of sex hormones during pregnancy produce effects on sub gingival microflora, the immune system, the vasculature and specific cells of periodontium which in turn in the presence of local irritants exaggerate the lesion. Since the lesion is clinically indistinguishable from other type of hyperplastic conditions, histological findings are required for proper diagnosis. We present a case report of recurrent pyogenic tumor which showed the evidence of pre‑existing localized periodontitis with extensive horizontal bone destruction. The lesion was excised by electrocautery combined with conventional flap procedure after parturition period. During 3 and 6 months follow‑up period post‑operative healing showed satisfactory results without recurrence.

A cationic surfactant tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide modified carbon pasteelectrode (TTABMCPE) was fabricated and the electrochemical behavior of norepinephrine at the modified electrode was investigated by cyclic voltammetric and differential pulse voltammetric techniques. A well-defined oxidation peak was observed at 174 mV and the significant increase in peak current at modified carbon paste electrode compared to bare carbon paste electrode was obtained. The effect of scan rate on the oxidation of norepinephrine was examined and it was found that the anodic peak current was proportional to the concentration of norepinephrine in the range from 0.10 μM to 4 μM. Comparedwith other reported electrochemical method; this new sensingmethod has higher sensitivity, rapid response and extreme simplicity. TTABMCPE was used for the simultaneous determination of nor norepinephrine, ascorbic acid and uric acid.The analytical performance of this biosensor has been evaluated for the detection of norepinephrine in injection sample.

Considering the role of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of periodontitis, the present study is to estimate the levels of MMP-3 and TIMP-1 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in periodontal health, disease and to evaluate the effect of periodontal therapy on MMP-3 and TIMP-1 concentrations in GCF. A periodontal examination and collection of GCF by extra-crevicular method was performed in 30 subjects selected randomly and categorized into 3 groups. Group I consists of 10 subjects Group II consists of 20 patients and Group III consists of 20 patients of Group II. Non surgical periodontal therapy was performed, and GCF was collected after 8 weeks from the same site of 20 chronic periodontitis patients who are considered as Group III. MMP- 3 and TIMP-1 levels were estimated in GCF-samples by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The findings were analyzed using the software and descriptive statistical methods such as Mann- Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test. P value < 0.001 was considered significant. MMP-3 and TIMP-1 was detected in all samples. Highest mean MMP-3 concentrations in GCF were obtained for Group II (7.490 ng/ml) while the lowest concentrations were seen in Group I (0.344 ng/ml) and Group III (2.129 ng/ml). This suggests that MMP-3 levels in GCF increases proportionally with the progression of periodontal disease and decreases after treatment. Lowest mean TIMP-1 concentrations in GCF were obtained for Group-II (1.592 ng/ml), while the highest concentrations were seen in Group-I (8.78 ng/ml) and Group-III (6.40 ng/ml). This suggests that TIMP-1 levels in GCF decreases proportionally with progression of periodontal disease and increases after treatment. There is a substantial increase in the concentrations of MMP-3 and decrease in TIMP-1 as periodontal disease progress. Since MMP-3 and TIMP-1 levels in GCF are positively correlated with gingival index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment loss, MMP-3, and TIMP-1 may be considered as a “Novel Biomarkers” in periodontal disease. However, controlled, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this possibility.