negin kazemzadeh

Learning disabilities, is a generic term for a wide range of learning difficulties unrelated to intelligence or academic motivation. The present research was conducted with the meta-analysis method and with the aim of combining the researches conducted in the field of corrective methods on various learning disorders. The statistical population of the present meta-analysis was the available researches related to corrective methods on learning disorders that were found in the computer databases available in Iran between 1385 and 1401, such as the Academic Jihad Scientific Database , Noor Specialized Journals Database,the information bank of the country's publications, the comprehensive portal of humanities, and the Research Institute of Information Science and Technology of Iran have been published. In this research, Hedges g effect size index was used as a common scale. The results of the analysis conducted by the second version of CMA software showed that the combined effect size of the effectiveness of corrective methods on learning disorders was 1.80 and after separating into multiple antecedent and outcome variables, the combined effect size on reading learning disorder was 17. 1, it was 1.26 on writing disorder and 1.19 on math disorder respectively, all of which were statistically significant (p≤0.001). Therefore, based on the size of the obtained effects, it can be stated that corrective methods have a positive effect on all types of classes of learning disorders.

The aim of this study was to design a model of factors influencing the tendency of women to addiction in West Azerbaijan province and to provide a solution.

For this purpose, a mixed exploratory design was used and the data were collected in two qualitative and quantitative stages. In the first stage, the theoretical foundations were examined and 16 addiction specialists were individually interviewed using the qualitative method. The main and secondary categories of factors affecting women's tendency to addiction and the relationships between them were obtained during the three stages of coding qualitative data. In the next step, the original questionnaire and model were designed based on the findings of the qualitative research stage, and the model with the participation of 156 substance addicted women was tested. Quantitative data analysis was performed to identify the relationships between the factors and the generalizations of the first stage. Model fit indices were examined to evaluate the optimal fit of the data with the conceptual model that the researcher assumed based on the findings of the qualitative research stage.

The results showed 5 general categories in the paradigmatic model, {it includes cognitive factors (positive attitude towards drugs; lack of knowledge about drugs; lack of psychological health education and lack of knowledge of life skills), Psycho-behavioral factors (psychological, emotional and personality factors), social factors (peers and colleagues; place of residence and study and easy access and social insufficiency), family factors (addiction of family members (parent-sister-brother); family breakdown and family communication-educational factors), and cultural factors (promotion of drug use; culture of recreational consumption; lack of recreational and educational facilities and poor religious beliefs} were reflected factors influencing women's tendency to addiction and the relationships between its various dimensions. In the quantitative part of research model, the results of structural equation modeling showed that the structural model of the research fits with the collected data.

According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that cognitive, psychological, social, family and cultural factors play an important role in women's tendency to addiction, and this requires the presentation of educations and solutions on cognitive, psychological, social, family and cultural domains.