vahideh rahmani

This study aimed to investigate the association between pubic and external genitalia hair removal by laser devices and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.

In this study, a total of 809 women were examined. To this end, 250 women with HPV-positive and 500 ones with HPV-negative/normal cytology were assigned to two groups. Then these women were demographically matched, and the two groups were compared regarding the prevalence of laser device usage for external genital hair removal. Finally, the statistical analysis was performed using unpaired student t-test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

The prevalence of laser hair removal were 59% and 25% in HPV-positive and HPV-negative/regular cytology groups, respectively. It was found that the history of laser hair removal was positively associated with positive HPV results (OR: 4.353, CI: 95%, 3.157 to 5.989).

Laser hair removal was positively associated with positive HPV transmission. However, it was recommended that further studies with greater sample sizes should be carried out to determine if the pubic hair removal by laser devices increased the HPV transmission risk.

Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are rare tumors with a late recurrence and a good prognosis. The current study investigated the fertility and obstetrics situation, survival, and the factors influencing the mortality of patients with these uncommon ovarian neoplasms.

This is a retrospective study on ovarian GCT patients admitted to the Al-Zahra hospital oncology department, the tertiary referral hospital in Tabriz, between 2009 and 2022. Data were collected from medical records. Chi-square/Fisher exact tests and t tests were used to compare categorical and quantitative variables between the alive and dead patients, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to present patients’ survival.

The study involved 65 patients with ovarian GCT. The presence of ovarian cysts statistically increased the survival of GCT patients (P=0.028). The advanced tumor stage (P=0.023), fast tumor growth (P=0.001), and tumor relapse (P=0.001) are significantly correlated with mortality in the affected patients. However, age and adjuvant chemotherapy were not associated with survival.

There was no evidence of increased survival with the use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor staging is an important prognostic factor. Advanced stages were associated with inferior survival, and only prospective studies can ascertain their definite role.

There are contradictory results regarding the effects of the menstrual cycle on changes in blood pressure, heart rate, ventilation, and oxytocin hormone during anesthesia in patients who are candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery. Therefore, the present study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of menstrual phases on the hemodynamic changes of patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 2018 on 100 patients who were candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy referred to Imam Reza Hospital (affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences). Patients were divided into two groups: luteal phase and follicular phase. Hemodynamic parameters, including heart rate, blood pressure, arterial oxygen saturation, and end-expiratory CO2 were compared between these groups. Demographic information and hemodynamic status before and during anesthesia were recorded in a researcher-made checklist. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 22) and t-test, chi-square, and repeated measures tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

According to the results of t-test, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at any time in the mean arterial pressure, end-expiratory CO2, and arterial oxygen saturation (P>0.05). However, according to the results of repeated measures tests, the mean arterial pressure changes during the study were significantly higher in the follicular phase group (P=0.031) than in the luteal phase group (P=0.059). Also, according to the results of t-test, the comparison of the heart rate status between the two groups did not show a significant statistical difference at any time (P˃0.05); However, according to the results of repeated measures tests, heart rate changes during the study were significantly higher in the follicular phase group (P=0.019) than in the luteal phase group (P=0.126).

Menstrual cycle significantly affects hemodynamic parameters during anesthesia in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. These changes are more pronounced during the follicular phase compared to the luteal phase.

Women with endometriosis have a high risk of developing ovarian carcinoma that may occur due to endometriosis lesions. There is few research have so far focused on the clinical factors in patients with endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC). Accordingly, this study aimed at comparing the demographic and obstetric characteristics between ovarian cancer with and without endometriosis

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 EAOC patients and 140 non-EAOC individuals who had gone under surgery from 2011-17 at Al-Zahra hospital. Clinico-pathological characteristics of the two groups including first group only had malignant epithelial ovarian tumor (non-EAOC) and second group had both malignant epithelial ovarian tumor and endometriosis (EAOC). P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

EAOC cases were significantly younger (P=0.002) and had lower number of pregnancy (P=0.002), parity (P=0.004), and term pregnancy (P=0.005) than non-EAOC patients. A large proportion of EAOC cases had clear cell and endometrioid histopathology in comparison to non-EAOC individuals (P<0.001) and most of the tumors in these cases were unilateral (P=0.01).

We found that age, parity, gravidity, and term pregnancy as well as laterality and histopathologic type of epithelial ovarian cancers vary in EAOC and non-EAOC individuals. Further research is required to identify these differences.

Concerning the use of remifentanil and dexamethasone drugs each alone in creating painless childbirth, and also in the process of facilitating childbirth to increase the pain as much as possible and minimize the complications and possibly help the progress of labor, we decided that the effect of dexamethasone in combination to investigate with remifentanil in the control of labor pain in this systematic review.

In this review article, the keywords that were selected based on MeSh and searched based on them included Remifentanil, labor, pain, Dexamethasone, combination, acceptability, effectiveness, vaginal delivery, VAS, headache, surgical delivery, hemodynamically stable, and hemodynamically.

The average pain intensity in the treatment groups was measured and evaluated on four occasions 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the intervention. The results showed that the average numerical scale of pain intensity measurement based on VAS in the group receiving remifentanil and dexamethasone 30 minutes after the start of the intervention was equal to 6.06 and the average of the same scores in the group receiving remifentanil at the same time was 6.83.

The simultaneous use of remifentanil and dexamethasone is recommended in comparison to the use of remifentanil because it is safe for both mother and child and causes more favorable analgesia and fewer complications during childbirth.

Some other researchers also came to the conclusion during 2018 that in spinal anesthesia, the occurrence of sore throat, muscle pain, and rapid return of pain after surgery is less compared to general anesthesia. Considering the inconsistencies in the studies, we decided to systematically review maternal and neonatal outcomes following two methods of general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia.

In this review article, all databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, MagIran, and the Cochrane Library were searched and reviewed by both authors of this article based on PRIZMA guidelines without time and language limitations. The keywords that were selected based on MeSh and based on which the search was conducted included general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, neonatal, maternal, outcomes, cesarean, and delivery.

Related to the examination of pain intensity after the operation in the two stages of recovery and before receiving painkillers, 44% of the participants had moderate pain and in the part after receiving painkillers, two percent of the participants had mild pain. Only three percent of the samples had a headache after spinal anesthesia, and in the general anesthesia group, all the samples had no headache.

According to the results of the present study, it seems that the use of spinal anesthesia for cesarean section compared to the general anesthesia with less pain, less painkiller consumption, higher Apgar score, higher average hematocrit and hemoglobin, no sore throat, and more satisfaction with, but the complications of nausea, vomiting, and headache after surgery are more common in the group with spinal anesthesia.

Since the minimum effective dose of the two drugs bupivacaine and Ropivacaine has not been included in the anesthesia reference books and different doses have been suggested for the drugs in the current study, as well as in previous studies, these drugs are combined with other drugs have been used, which affect the side effects and length of anesthesia, in this systematic review study on the hemodynamic changes of patients who are candidates for elective cesarean surgery by spinal anesthesia using two Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine drugs should be evaluated at the minimum dose in terms of low hemodynamic disorders, side effects and anesthesia, and suggest the appropriate drug in this field.

In this review article, all databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, MagIran, and the Cochrane Library were searched and reviewed by both authors of this article based on PRIZMA guidelines without time and language limitations.

So that the percentage of blood pressure drop in bupivacaine group patients was 50% higher than Ropivacaine group with 23%, and in other words, it can indicate more stability of blood pressure in Ropivacaine group.

Based on this study, statistically, the rate of systolic blood pressure drop, the need for ephedrine, as well as the incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving Ropivacaine were lower, which are important when anesthetizing people with hemodynamic instability, such as pregnant women with Valvular cardiomyopathy can be important.

Fibroids are solid ovarian tumors, usually originating from connective tissue, that vary in size; from the small size of small nodules on the ovarian surface to large neoplasms weighing several kilograms.

a 43-year-old married woman, nulli gravida, without any past medical history,
who complained of Amenorrhea in six past recent months, was referred to our academic hospital in Tabriz, Iran. According to the size of the abdomen, it was not possible to determine the exact size of the uterus by pelvic examination. The laboratory test was normal, and CA-125 was 79.6. In CTS scan, mild pericardial effusion, massive pleural effusion in the right lung, and a solid cystic mass without a sharp limit with size of 114╳91╳91 mm above the uterus that probably was originated from left adnexa was reported. In the right adnexa, a mural nodule cystic lesian with size of 46╳43 mm with a huge amount of abdominal fluid was revealed. According to the patient's symptoms, resend abdominal distension, pain, and Amenorrhea, and medical imaging after counseling with the patient, she was referred to Hemato-oncologists, and nine sessions of chemotherapy was performed and again referred to CT scan. According to the observations of CT scan and clinical examination, the patient underwent laparotomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and myomectomy was performed.
The frozen section result was included fibro-thecoma, Adeno fibroma cyst, and uterine Leiomyoma, and so was benign.

In cases of accompanying ovarian mass with ascites and pleural effusion, and abnormal uterine bleeding pattern, it is very important to think about benign ovarian mass differential diagnosis such as Fibrothecoma with Meigs syndrome after removal of the ovarian neoplasm, and there is a prompt resolution of both abdominal and pleural fluid.

considering that intravenous acetaminophen is currently usually injected as a bolus, in such a way that it should be injected for 20 minutes and 4 times a day to patients undergoing surgery, and considering the lack of nurses and the fact that practically This work is not cost-effective in terms of time and money, and there was no research in the field of intravenous drip injection within 24 hours. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of intravenous acetaminophen injection during the first 24 hours after cesarean section in a systematic review.

In this review article, all databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SID, MagIran, and the Cochrane Library were searched and reviewed by both authors of this article based on PRIZMA guidelines without time and language limitations. The keywords included Pain, Pain relief, Postoperative Pain, Pain Decrease, Cesarean Section, Acetaminophen, and Paracetamol.

Ten studies were included in this study. Examining the results indicated that intravenous injection of paracetamol leads to a decrease in pain intensity during the first 24 hours after elective cesarean section.

Intravenous injection of acetaminophen for pain control after cesarean section by PCA pump, in addition to proper pain control, maintains the hemodynamic indicators of patients well and does not have an adverse effect on the time of walking after the operation.

Since stress leads to changes in the secretion of endocrine and exocrine system hormones and these hormones leave their negative effects on the health of mothers and their fetuses and babies, and on the other hand, concerning the period of pregnancy is a stressful period and this stress affects the development of the nervous system of babies, so we decided to investigate the effects of the stress of pregnant mothers on the nervous development of babies in this review study. This review study was conducted with the aim of explaining the role of stress on the development of the nervous system of infants. All review studies, clinical trials, and descriptive studies were searched to achieve the goals of this research. No time limit was applied to the studies and all published studies were evaluated in Persian and English languages. A number of articles were included in this review. The headlines of this study included stress and pregnancy, the effect of stress on pregnancy, childbirth, the effect of stress on the fetus and the baby, and the differences between male and female fetuses in being affected by maternal stress, which were fully explained. Although the basal glucocorticoid level is necessary for fertility and fetal growth and development, its increase through high activity of the HPA axis (which leads to glucocorticoid production) or drug treatments with glucocorticoids can have negative effects on fertility and have the health of the fetus and its future life.

Concurrent bleeding or existing clots usually obscure the vision field and decrease the hysteroscopy success rate. Therefore, any efforts made to have a clear view during the hysteroscopy will improve the diagnostic or treatment outcomes. We examined the effect of preoperative clot evacuation on hysteroscopy related outcomes.

In this parallel-group randomized clinical trial conducted in Al-Zahra hospital, Tabriz, Iran, 114 women with uterine bleeding were randomly assigned to receive either clot evacuation before standard operative hysteroscopy or after that from December 2018 to September 2019. The study outcomes were the clarity of vision, amount of bleeding, the volume of required distension media, duration of the procedure, and postoperative complications.

There were statistically significant differences in the frequency of the clear vision (P<0.001), the severity of bleeding, mean procedure time (P<0.001), mean used distension media and the mean postoperative hematocrit levels in favour of women with pre-hysteroscopy intrauterine evacuation. There was no difference in in-hospital stay and anaesthetic complications among the two groups. The procedure was successfully performed on all participants of both groups with no post-operative complications.

Removal of clots and other uterine contents before the insertion of the hysteroscope rendered better and faster access to the uterine wall to observe existing abnormalities. This additional surgical step could significantly impact surgical and clinical outcomes.

In this study, radical hysterectomy, followed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) was compared with radical hysterectomy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

This retrospective comparative observational study was performed on 13 patients with LACC International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IB2-IIB who underwent a radical hysterectomy after NACT between March 2014 and November 2018. This group was compared with 18 patients undergoing radical hysterectomy with cervical cancer FIGO stage IIA-IB1 in the same period of time.

In the NACT group, 8 (61.5%) and 5 (38.4%) patients were in stages IIB and IB2, respectively, and 13 (72.2%) cases were in the IB1 stage in the non-NACT group. Post-operative blood transfusion in the NACT group was significantly higher compared to the non-NACT group [5 (38.4%) patients versus 0, P = 0.008]. The estimated blood loss (EBL) and operative time were similar between the groups. Finally, there were no significant differences in terms of intra-operative and other post-operative complications.

Radical hysterectomy after NACT in women with LACC seems to be safe and reduces the need for radiation in patients with NACT who are at stage IIB. These results need to be confirmed in studies with a larger patient sample.

Using hair dye has spread globally in recent years. Concerns have arisen about the safety of hair dyes during pregnancy. The primary goal of this study was to examine the association between hair coloring and pregnancy outcomes.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 2040 pregnant women aged 14 to 48 years, in Talegani teaching hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences from January 2017 to December 2019. Three trained midwives collected relevant information from the women on the admission to the labor room and recorded pregnancy outcomes. Chi-square test of independence with post hoc tests and logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. Odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval and contributing effect sizes were reported. The significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05.

The majority of participants (62.67%) colored their hair in the third trimester. There was no statistically significant association between hair coloring and neonate 1-minute (P=0.23) and 5-minute Apgar scores (P=0.99). The logistic regression model did not confirm a rise in overall neonatal complications (NCs) associated with hair coloring at any time during the pregnancy (odds ratio [OR]: 0.027, P<0.001). Higher rates of low birth weight (LBW) were seen among those who dyed their hair in the preconception period and third trimester compared to the woman who colored their hair in the first and second trimesters (P<0.001).

We observed associations between hair coloring and LBW, however there were no increased odds for NC. The evidence for the safety of hair dye during pregnancy is still limited.

To investigate physiological responses of black cumin to calcium silicate under salinity and drought stress condition with iso-osmotic potentials, a factorial experiment carried out based on the completely randomized design with three replications in research greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Iran in 2018. The first factor consisted of seven levels (salinity and drought stresses with iso-osmotic potentials of -2.4, -4.9 and -7.4 bar and control treatment) applied in Hoaglandchr('39')s solution. Salinity was applied with sodium chloride (NaCl) and drought with polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000). The results showed that at calcium silicate levels, salinity and drought stresses increased catalase and peroxidase activity, proline soluble sugars and malondialdehyde and also decreased leaf relative water content and leaf chlorophyll content. Silicate application mitigated the stress effects so that increased catalase and peroxidase activity, chlorophyll, proline and soluble sugars and decreased malondialdehyde content. In iso-osmotic potentials of drought compared with salinity, relative water content decreased but proline content, soluble sugars content, malondialdehyde content and catalase activity increased, indicating that black cumin sensitivity to drought is more than salinity based on physiological traits.

Cervical cancer is a very common and lethal condition; however, owing to longstanding premalignant lesions, it is possible to prevent morbidity and mortality by screening tests. Pap smear, colposcopy, and biopsy are among the main modalities in this regard, however there is no consensus on the diagnostic utility of the first 2 methods. This study sought to examine the diagnostic utility of Pap smear, colposcopy, and cytology in evaluating the non-benign cervical lesions. A cross-sectional study was carried out between 2014 and 2016 in an out-patient setting at Alzahra teaching hospital of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining informed consent, all 315 participants with abnormal Pap test underwent colposcopy and biopsy from the abnormal areas. Cervical biopsy was considered as a gold standard and the diagnostic values of Pap smear and colposcopy were individually compared by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio. The mean age of patients was 38.49±10.31 years (17-68 years). On the basis of biopsy findings, non-benign cervical lesions were present in 31 cases (9.8%). Accordingly, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and positive likelihood ratio of Pap smear in revealing non-benign cervical lesions were 77.4%, 69.7%, 21.8%, 95.6%, 70.7%, and 2.55%, and for colposcopy, were 90.3%, 90.9%, 51.9%, 98.9%, 90.8%, and 99.2%, respectively. Based on our results, the colposcopy is a sensitive and specific method in differentiating benign cervical lesions from non-benign cervical lesions. The accuracy of Pap smear is intermediate in this regard, and the utility is limited. Therefore, this method should not be considered as the main criterion for decision making.

Endometrial hyperplasia has an affinity for progression toward endometrial carcinoma. This study was conducted to compare the effect of metformin plus megestrol acetate with megestrol acetate alone on endometrial histology in the patients with endometrial proliferative and hyperplastic disorders.
In a single-blind clinical trial, 96 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding and endometrium with irregular or hyperplastic glands with or without atypical foundations were divided randomly into 2 equal groups. Group1 received metformin 500 mg twice a day plus megestrol acetate 40 mg daily for 3 months and group 2 received megestrol acetate 40 mg/d for 3 months. The treatment response was evaluated using pathologic samples of endometrial biopsies 2 weeks after completing the treatment.
In both groups, endometrial hyperplasia was resolved in most cases. Significant decrease was observed within groups in the endometrial thickness before and after the intervention. Comparison of thickness between 2 groups showed that in the megestrol acetate group, after intervention, significant decrease in the endometrial thickness was revealed (12.73 ± 6.04 mm [group 1], versus 8.55 ± 3.43 mm [group 2], P Both treatment modalities were effective in treating proliferative and hyperplastic disorders. However, the response to treatment in the megestrol group was greater than that in the megestrol plus metformin group.

Medical records contain valuable information about a patient's medical history and treatment. Patient safety is one of the most important dimensions of health care quality assurance and performance improvement. Completing the process of documentation is necessary to continue patient care and continuous quality improvement of basic services. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of medical recording education on the quantity and quality of recording in gynecology residents of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.
This study is a quasi-experimental study and was conducted at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital, Tabriz, Iran, in 2016. Thirty-two second through fourth year gynecologic residents of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences who were willing to participate in the study were included by census sampling and participated in training workshop. Three evaluators reviewed the residents’ records before and after training course by a checklist. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 13 software. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The results showed that before the intervention, there were significant differences in the quantity of information status among the evaluators and no significant difference was observed in the recording of qualitative status. After the workshop, among the 3 evaluators, there were also significant differences in the quantity of data recording status; however, no significant change was observed in recording of qualitative status.
The study findings revealed that a sectional training course of correct and standardized medical records has no effect on reforming the process of recording.