جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نوجوانان » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

This study aimed to predict adolescents' tendency to violence based on family conflicts with the mediating role of the quality of parent-child relationships. The present study was a descriptive-correlation type of path analysis. The statistical population of the research was made up of all the boys and girls studying in the second level of secondary school in Ardabil in the academic year of 2022-2023, and a sample of 312 people was selected by cluster sampling method. The tools of this research included the Iranian adolescent's risk-taking scale (IARS, Zadeh Mohammadi et al., 2007), the parent-adolescent conflict questionnaire (PACQ, Younesi et al., 2011), and the parent-child relationship scale (PCRS, Moreland and Shovel, 1983). The data were analyzed using the path analysis method. The results of the path analysis indicated the appropriate fit of the model. The findings showed that there is a positive relationship between family conflicts and adolescents' tendency to violence, and there is a negative and significant relationship between the quality of parent-child relationships with violent tendencies and family conflicts (p<0.01). quality of parent-child relationships played a mediating role between family conflicts and teenagers' tendency to violence (p<0.001). It can be concluded that family conflicts and the quality of parent-child relationships play a key role in adolescents' tendency to violence, and it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in interaction with each other in programs to reduce adolescents' tendency to violence.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the causal relationship between mindfulness and body image in adolescents with the mediating role of coping strategies. The research method was descriptive-correlation based on Structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included all high school boys students in Qaimshahr city in the academic year 2022-2023, and 300 students were selected as a sample by cluster sampling method. The tools of this research included the Multidimensional Body Self-relation Questionnaire (MBSRQ) Cash, 1985, the Way of Ciping questionnaire (WOCQ) Lazarus, 1985 and the Kentucky Inventory of mindfulness skills (KIMS) Bauer, Smith, and Allen, 2004. Structural equation analysis was used to analyze the data. The results showed the optimal fit of the research model. The results showed that mindfulness has a significant direct effect on body image (p<0.001). The direct relationship between mindfulness with a negative emotion-oriented coping style and with a positive problem-oriented coping style was significant (p<0.001). The direct relationship between an emotional-oriented coping style with a negative body image and the path coefficient between a problematic coping style with a positive body image was significant (p<0.001). The indirect relationship between mindfulness and body image through emotion-oriented coping and problem-oriented coping was positive and significant (p<0.001). It is concluded that coping strategies play a mediating role between mindfulness and body image in adolescents.

This research aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the moral intelligence scale of adolescents. The research was a descriptive survey. The statistical population was the first and second high school students of Isfahan province in 2024-2023. Based on the multi-stage cluster sampling method, 400 students were selected in the first stage and 900 students were selected in the second stage of the research. The data were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the reliability of the scale using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its halving coefficient, and its validity using the convergence method and dependent on the criterion with the moral intelligence questionnaire of Abadian and Rabat Milli) MIQAR  ((2020). Each of the confirmatory factor analysis indices of the mentioned scale, including RMSEAI, PCFI, TLI, and CFI, had a suitable value. The alpha coefficient and the halving coefficient of the whole scale were also 0.96 and 0.93. The results of exploratory factor analysis led to the extraction of 7 factors (respect, responsibility, conscience, kindness, self-control, honesty, and forgiveness). Factor loadings of all components were higher than 0.4 and statistically significant (P<0.001). Criterion-dependent validity with the ethical H. scale was reported as 0.52 and significant (P<0.001). Due to the favorable state of validity and reliability, the scale of the moral intelligence of adolescents can be used as a valid and useful tool to check and measure the moral intelligence of adolescents.

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of William Moulton Marston’s DISC model intervention. Regarding the educational adaptation of adolescents who are Covid-19 patients. The statistical population consisted of adolescents aged 13 to 18 who resided in Naghadeh and had a family member with Covid-19 in 2021. The research was conducted using a quasi-experimental design, with control groups, pre-test, and post-test. The statistical sample size consisted of 40 individuals from the statistical population, 20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. These individuals were randomly assigned to the control and experimental groups using the available sampling procedure. The control group did not receive any treatment, while the experimental group underwent ten 90-minute sessions in accordance with William Moulton Marston’s DISC model. Data was collected using the Adjustment Inventory for School Students (AISS) in this study. The MANCOVA analysis was employed to analyze the collected data. After the DISC intervention, the experimental group’s mean level of educational adjustment decreased markedly in comparison to the control group (P<0.01). According to the results of this study, the DISC model intervention improves the educational adjustment of adolescents who are Covid-19 patients.

One of the most important periods affecting physical, mental and social growth and health is the adolescence period of every person, where personality formation and identification takes place in this sensitive period. The purpose of this study was to model happiness based on basic psychological needs with the mediation of adaptation in adolescents. The applied research method and the descriptive correlation method were based on the structural equation model. The statistical population consisted of all working female adolescents studying in the second year of high school, 352 of whom were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling and were asked to answer the questionnaires of Oxford Happiness (2002), basic psychological needs of Desi et al (2001), and Sinha and Singh (1993) students' adaptability. Data analysis was done using a structural equation model. The findings showed that the adaptation variable has been able to play a mediating role in the relationship between basic psychological needs and happiness. It can be concluded that when motivations or internal rewards are stronger than external motivations, the implementation of psychological needs becomes easier and has a positive effect on adolescent adaptation; because adaptation is achieved through internal incentives and reinforcements, and in this way, by creating a positive inner feeling in adolescence, it leads to an increase in happiness in teenagers; therefore, by providing a healthy and dynamic environment that fits the individual and personality needs of every teenager, it is necessary to promise well-being and happiness in teenagers.

Aggression and vandalistic behaviors are among the most common behaviors caused by psychological trauma in teenagers, and it is necessary to use psychological interventions to reduce the tendency to aggression and vandalistic behaviors. One of these interventions that has not been investigated in this field so far is the training of spiritual intelligence.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of spiritual intelligence training on school vandalism and student aggression.

The research design was a semi-experimental type of pre-test, post-test with control group. The statistical population included all 2195 10th grade female students who were studying in the secondary schools of Birjand city in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample of the research was considered to be 25 people for each group, who were selected using direct sampling and then assigned to two groups, the test and the control, by a simple random method. The experimental group underwent spiritual intelligence training for 8 sessions (Mansoori & Hosseini, 2019). Aggression questionnaire (Zahdifar et al., 2000) and school vandalism questionnaire (SalesMoayyed, 2017) were used in the pre-test and post-test stages and multivariate covariance analysis test in SPSS-26 software was used for data analysis.

The findings show that spiritual intelligence training on all components of aggression including anger and rage (F= 198.844; P< 0.001), aggression and insult (F= 96.515; P< 0.001) and stubbornness and resentment Tuzi (F= 146.664; P> 0.001) and intra-school vandalism (F= 156.430; P> 0.001) and extra-school vandalism (F= 151.162; P> 0.001) Adolescent girls are affected.

The results, while explaining the effectiveness of spiritual intelligence training on reducing aggression and vandalistic behaviors of teenagers, contain practical psychological-educational implications with the aim of reducing aggressive, destructive and harmful behaviors in students using intervention based on spiritual intelligence.

The aim of the current study was to determine the moderating role of reflective functioning in the relationship between perceived parental acceptance-rejection and emotion regulation in adolescents.  This research was a correlational study. The statistical population included Iranian students aged 14-18 years. Data were collected through convenience sampling from 400 adolescents who completed a series of online questionnaires: Fonagy et al.'s Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (2016), the short form of Rohner's Parental Acceptance-Rejection Questionnaire (2005), and Gratz and Roemer's (2004) Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.  There was a positive and significant relationship between perceived parental rejection and the uncertainty dimension of reflective functioning with difficulties in emotion regulation in adolescents. Conversely, the certainty dimension had a negative and significant relationship with difficulties in emotion regulation. The certainty dimension of reflective functioning moderated the relationship between perceived parental rejection and difficulties in emotion regulation, while the uncertainty dimension did not.  Adolescents with a higher level of reflective functioning can better cope with the effects of parental rejection. Therefore, improving reflective functioning should be a focus for therapists working with children, adolescents, and in parent-child relationships.

This study was undertaken to design an educational package on the counseling needs of parents of junior high school students. This research had a mixed (qualitative and quantitative) design. The sampling was executed in two stages: first, semi-structured interviews were conducted with thirty parents until data saturation was achieved. Second, cluster multistage sampling method was utilized and 384 questionnaires were administered to identify the counseling needs of parents and their children at junior high school level. Data analysis included two parts: 1. exploratory qualitative type using non-parametric statistics, and 2. descriptive statistics as well as Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The results demonstrated that the top four priorities for parents’ counseling needs were respectively psycho-social, psycho-emotional, cognitive-educational, and moral-spiritual ones. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between girls and boys regarding their counseling needs priorities. This package can be a fruitful guideline for consulting services so that parents and their children’s needs are adequately fulfilled.

The present study was undertaken to design a parent-adolescent psychological intervention to reduce loneliness based on the components of loneliness of teenage girls and the evolutionary theory of loneliness of Cacioppo as well as conducting a case study on loneliness and parent-child interaction. The research had a single-subject design (AB multiple baseline design). The statistical population of the study was comprised of adolescent girls aged 16 to 18 along with their parents who were selected through purposive and voluntary sampling methods from two schools. The sample included two students along with their parents. The UCLA Loneliness Scale was used to measure loneliness and the Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (PACHIQ) was utilized to measure parent-child interaction. Based on the results, a psychological intervention consisting of 11 sessions was designed and implemented for parents and adolescents. The quasi-experimental case validation method (single subject) was used in the next stage. More specifically, loneliness, the parent-child interaction from teenagers’ point of view as well as the parent-child interaction from their parents’ viewpoint were examined and tested using the multi-level AB design in fourteen weeks. The results indicated that the developed psychological intervention reduced loneliness in female students and improved parent-child interaction from both adolescents and parents’ perspectives.

The aim of this study was to investigate the perceived stress of divorced adolescent girls. The research method was phe- nomenological qualitative. The study population consisted of 17 girls under 18 years of age who were selected based on purposive sampling for semi-structured interviews and continued until data collection was saturated. The Colaizzi method was used to analyze the data. Data analysis led to the identification of 3 main themes and 53 sub-themes. The results showed that the sources of stress, positive and negative coping strategies, and the consequences of high stress in girls as the three main themes have a wide range. Therefore, divorce, while disrupting the psychological-emotional balance of family members, causes stress about the future lives of people. In such a way that negative strategies and consequences can overshadow their future and endanger their physical and mental health. According to the results of the research, the need for supportive counseling interventions for this spectrum is felt

Executive functions and positive affect are crucial aspects of adolescents' psychosocial development, significantly impacting their well-being and academic and social success. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of social-cognitive competence skills training on positive affect and executive functions in adolescents.

Methods and Materials:

 This randomized controlled trial included 40 adolescents (22 boys and 18 girls) from district 11 of Tehran. Participants were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 20) and control (n = 20) groups. The experimental group received ten 75-minute sessions of social-cognitive competence skills training. Data were collected at three stages: pre-test, post-test, and three-month follow-up, and analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test.

The results indicated that social-cognitive competence skills training significantly improved executive functions (F = 46.27, p < .001) and increased positive affect (F = 56.18, p < .001) in the experimental group. The mean scores for executive functions in the experimental group increased from 30.25 in the pre-test to 42.68 in the post-test and 41.87 at follow-up. The mean scores for positive affect increased from 22.45 in the pre-test to 34.89 in the post-test and 33.97 at follow-up.

Social-cognitive competence skills training can significantly enhance executive functions and increase positive affect in adolescents. These findings underscore the importance of implementing similar educational programs in schools and counseling centers to improve adolescents' psychosocial well-being.

The aim of the present study was to develop a responsible adolescent package. 

Methods and Materials: 

This research was qualitative in nature. In the first part, the analysis of responsibility texts was conducted using Hsieh and Shannon's (2005) content analysis method. In the second part, the responsible adolescent package was developed using the method of Yusefi and Golparvar (2023). The environment of this research included all texts related to responsibility in adolescence. The method of participant selection was purposive sampling, and the criterion for the number of texts was based on the principle of data saturation. Accordingly, ten texts were selected. The method of data collection involved in-depth and precise study of the texts.

The results obtained from the five-step analysis method of Hsieh and Shannon (2005) indicated that this concept has four dimensions and eight sub-concepts, which were: 1) Foundations of responsibility (with sub-concepts of moral development and authoritative communication with parents), 2) Necessities of responsibility (with sub-concepts of identity and executive function), 3) Methods of achieving responsibility (with sub-concepts of empathy and self-control), and 4) Barriers to responsibility (with sub-concepts of painful past experiences and peer influence). In the package development section, the goal was to enhance adolescent responsibility through awareness and skill-building to manage irresponsibility using two strategies: enhancing executive function and increasing empathy. This was accomplished using the package development method of Yusefi and Golparvar (2023), and techniques related to the selected strategies were chosen from neuropsychological and reflective performance texts and aligned with the sub-goals of each session. Overall, the results of this study led to an eight-session educational package. Finally, the educational package was content-validated by experts using the agreement coefficient of the evaluators, and the results indicated content validity. 

Based on this result, it can be said that this educational package is suitable for enhancing adolescent responsibility.

The present study was conducted to predict generalized anxiety based on parenting styles and family functioning in adolescents. The research method was a descriptive correlation. The statistical population of the research included all teenagers aged 15 to 18 in Shiraz city in 1402. The statistical sample size was estimated to be 384 people and these people were selected by the available method. Research measurement tools include the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-4th Edition (IV-GADQ, Newman et al., 2002), Alabama Parenting Questionnaire (APQ, Shelton et al., 1996), and McMaster Family Functioning Questionnaire (FAD, Epstein et al., 1983). The data was analyzed using the multiple regression analysis method. The results showed that the components of problem-solving (p=0.001), communication (p=0.001), emotional reactions (p=0.003), and logical authority parenting style (p=0.001) were negative and significant. Authoritarian parenting styles (p=0.001) and permissive parenting styles (p=0.008) can positively and significantly predict adolescent anxiety. Other results indicated that parenting styles and family functioning explain a total of 33% of the variance of generalized anxiety scores. Therefore, the functioning of the family and the way parents communicate with their children can play a role in the occurrence of anxiety disorders in adolescents.

Emotion regulation is one of the most important challenges of adolescence. the purpose of this study was to compare the delay discounting, impulsivity and brain/behavioral system in adolescents with and without symptoms of Emotion dysRegulation disorder. The descriptive research method was causal-comparative. The statistical population included all secondary high school students of Kermanshah city, based on the cut point of the emotion dysregulation scale (Gratz and Romer, 2004) and G*Power software, 176 people (88 people in each group) were randomly assigned to The title of the sample size was chosen. From the Monetary Choice scale (Kirby et al. 1999), Short form of Impulsive Behavior Scale (Cyders et al. 2004) the Behavioral inhibition system / Behavioral activation system scale (Carver & White, 1994) and the emotion dysregulation scale (Gratz and Romer, 2004) was used to collect information. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance with SPSS-25 software. the results showed that the average impulsivity and behavioral brain system between the group with symptoms of disorder in emotion dysregulation and normal group were significantly different ( p < 0.01 ) . There was no significant difference in the mean of delay discounting between the group with emotional dysregulation disorder symptoms and the normal group (P<0.05). attention to disorders in emotion regulation is important as an important criterion in adolescents educational and preventive aspects .The results showed that the average impulsivity and behavioral brain system between the group with symptoms of disorder in emotion dysregulation and normal group were significantly different ( p < 0.01 ) . There was no significant difference in the mean of delay discounting between the group with emotional dysregulation disorder symptoms and the normal group (P<0.05). attention to disorders in emotion regulation is important as an important criterion in adolescents educational and preventive aspects .

The examination of the existing literature reveals a notable gap in research pertaining to the structural equation modeling approach to investigate the impact of academic self-efficacy on self-regulated learning among adolescents during quarantine periods.

The purpose of this research is to design a Structural equation model of the effect of Academic Self-efficacy on the Self- strategic learning of Adolescents During Guarantine Period.

The quantitative descriptive research method is a survey type. In this research, the statistical sample was considered using the random cluster sampling method, and 300 teenagers (girls) in the first half of high school, ninth grade in Tehran were selected as the final sample. 284 analyzable and free questionnaires have reached the stage of statistical analysis, as well as academic self-efficacy questionnaires by McIlroy and Bunting (2001), self-directed learning questionnaire by Fisher, King and Tago (2001) for data collection were used. To analyze the data, Pearson's correlation coefficient test and structural equations were used using SPSS and AMOS software.

Finally, based on the findings of the research, it was observed that academic self-efficacy has a significant positive effect on the self-directed learning of adolescents during quarantine with the value (Sig=0.0001, t=12.346) and the coefficient of influence (β=0.793), as well as the relationship model Appropriate research is necessary.

Therefore, it is suggested; With the active participation of students in learning, facing challenging experiences in learning, quick compensation for mistakes, more motivation to learn, the use of different strategies in learning by teachers can increase self-directed learning in students.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of quality of life therapy on the quality of parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment. A quasi-experimental design comprising a pretest, posttest, control group, and a two-month follow-up period was utilized for the study. The statistical population of the survey comprised second-year high school female adolescents residing in Isfahan during the 2020-2021 academic year. By means of purposive sampling, 35 adolescents were chosen at random and divided into experimental and control groups,with 18 adolescents assigned to the experimental group and 17 to the control group. Over the course of two months, mothers of adolescents in the experimental group participated in eighty-five-minute quality of life therapy sessions. A pre-test was administered prior to the intervention, and a post-test was conducted subsequent to the intervention. Following a gap of two months, the follow-up phase was conducted. Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCRQ) and California Individual-Social Adjustment Questionnaire (CISAQ) were utilized in this research. The data obtained from the research were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS-23 software. The results showed that quality of life therapy significantly influences the character of parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment (p<0.001). According to the findings of the present study’s findings, it is possible to conclude that quality of life therapy can be an effective method for enhancing parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent adjustment via training in adolescent communication with family members, support and acceptance of family members, and the substitution of irrational thoughts with logical ones.

The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of the indigenous package based on ancient Persian literature on forgiveness on the differentiation and emotional safety of adolescents attempting suicide. One of the social problems of today's societies is suicide, which worries the family, society, and statesmen. Based on this, much research has been conducted by researchers in the fields of psychology, social sciences, and mental health because the statistics published by the World Health Organization and the health organizations of the countries are very worrying and show an increase in suicide among young people.
 
The research method was quasi-experimental, with a pre-test, post-test and follow-up with the control group. The statistical population included all adolescents in the age group of 16 to 18 years who attempted suicide in Isfahan, and the sample size included 30 people, 15 of whom were randomly selected in the experimental group and 15 in the control group and selected by the available sampling method. An indigenous package based on ancient Persian literature of forgiveness (based on poems by Ferdowsi, Nezami, Khayyam, Molavi, Saadi and Roudaki) was implemented for adolescents who attempted suicide in the experimental group (in 8 sessions). Measurement tools included the 13-item Emotional Safety Questionnaire of Casey Family Service Center (2007) and the 46-item Differentiation Questionnaire of Skowron (2000). For data analysis, a covariance analysis test with repeated measures was used.
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of differentiation post-test and emotional safety of adolescents attempting suicide in the experimental and control groups. In explaining the findings of the research, it can be said that in the poem there are emotions and emotions such as sadness, happiness, anxiety, hope, despair, nostalgia, and surprise, which arise from the mental and mental states of the poet, and the poet tries to convey them to the audience as they are and based on the theory of the emotional-emotional life of the Eastern man, which defines the emotional-emotional states of each person as a result of his emotional-emotional education and considers it necessary to know his own emotions and emotions. In the noble Persian poetry and ancient literature, these emotional-emotional aspects are well taken into consideration and easily affect the emotional-emotional characteristics of the audience. The attention of poets of ancient Persian literature, such as Ferdowsi, Nizami, Khayyam, Molavi, Saadi and Rudaki, to the emotional-emotional components of human beings has caused them to choose a specific model for the emotional aesthetics of their poems.
 
In the therapeutic atmosphere of a non-threatening atmosphere, along with unconditional positive attention to express the feelings of anger and resentment of others, the researcher has provided an opportunity for the teenager to complete the incomplete gestalts. Unhealed emotions were released, and the adolescent's psychological defenses were broken. Therefore, the adolescents of the experimental group were able to find out that revenge and malice are useless, and this was the beginning of their cognitive processing of the incident. During this cognitive processing, they were able to review their role in the loss of this relationship, to be guided from only paying attention to the mistakes and weaknesses of others, and to face the essence of their existence. Become the main ones who make mistakes and, at the same time, are valuable with a feeling of shame and guilt, thus they can live more calmly, and by maintaining their mental health, they  have a greater sense of emotional safety.

The purpose of the research was to investigate the relationship between the perception of the quality of attachment and social anxiety of adolescents with the mediating role of spiritual well-being. The current research mothod was a correlational of structural equation modelling. The statistical population of the present study included all teenagers studying in secondary schools of Mazandaran province of Iran in the academic year of 2022-2023, A sample of 300 students who were selected as available method and completed questionnaires of attachment to parents and peers, spiritual well-being and adolescent social anxiety. The results of statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between adolescents' social anxiety and the quality of attachment perception with the mediation of spiritual well-being. In addition, there was a significant relationship between the perception of attachment quality and spiritual well-being and between spiritual well-being and social anxiety of adolescents. Also, the direct effect of perception of attachment quality on social anxiety of adolescents was confirmed. According to the results, it is suggested that psychologists, in therapeutic interventions for social anxiety disorder in adolescents, pay special attention to the role of influencing variables, including the perception of the quality of attachment and spiritual well-being.