technological complexity

Today, the research activities of knowledge-based companies are considered important sources of transformation in the fields of technology and knowledge production. The more advanced the level of these activities and the higher their technological complexity are, the more innovative and competitive products grow. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model for determining the level of technological complexity of research and development in knowledge-based companies. In terms of its purpose, this research is part of applied research, and regarding methodology, it is in the category of mixed research. In the qualitative section, the data was collected from the literature review and semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field of research and development. First, seven categories were extracted for the complexity levels of research and development, and the Frascati category (including basic research, applied research, and experimental development) was selected based on the experts’ opinions. Then, during three stages of coding (open, central and selective), the influential factors in determining the level of complexity were identified and the research model was formed. In the quantitative part, the data was collected from a sample of 290 people from the target statistical population (Golestan Science & Technology Park) through a researcher-made questionnaire. Then, the data was analyzed and model fit test using structural equation modeling method, was conducted. The data analysis was done using smart pls3 software. The results indicated a suitable fit of the data with the final model, including complexity levels and 91 effective indicators in determining complexity levels. This model can be a suitable tool for research and development departments of knowledge-based companies, in order to improve the level of research and development based on global standards and create transformation in the fields of technology and knowledge production and increase added value.

Today, knowledge-based companies play a very important role in achieving advanced technologies and producing innovative products, and as a result, the growth and development of countries. The success of these companies is due to the development of advanced research and development activities that have a high level of technological complexity.

The current research is of mixed type. In the qualitative part, the grounded theory approach was used and the data was collected using interview tools and literature review. Quantitative part data was collected from the desired statistical population through a researcher-made questionnaire, then data analysis and model fitting with structural equation modeling method and using smart software pls3 done.

91 effective factors on determining the level of technological complexity in the form of six categories were identified and the presented model was confirmed.

The model for determining the level of technological complexity of research and development activities resulting from the present study can be a suitable tool for managers of research and development departments of knowledge-based companies in order to improve the level of research and development activities based on global standards and creating transformation in the fields of technology and knowledge production.

Rapid environmental changes and rapid technological advancements, along with wider communication and large volumes of information, have made organizations more complex than ever, and their management has become much more difficult. The purpose of this paper was to identify the most important types of organizational complexity in the first stage and, secondly, to determine the ranking of organizations based on the complexity of the three types of service, agriculture, and industry organiztions. The present study in terms of research methodology is quantitative and to analyze data the hierarchical analysis process (AHP) method has been used. The statistical population consists of 16 academic experts that also work at industry, service, or agriculture field. The results showed that the most important complexities in order of importance include: Environmental complexity (491/0), Structural Complexity (201/0), Technological Complexity (169/0) and information complexity (140/0). Also, the results showed that the most complex organizations are as follows: industrial organizations (421/0), service organizations (348/0) and agricultural organizations (231/0).