Presenting a model for determining the level of technological complexity of research and development activities in knowledge-based companies (case study: companies based in Golestan Science and Technology Park)

Today, the research activities of knowledge-based companies are considered important sources of transformation in the fields of technology and knowledge production. The more advanced the level of these activities and the higher their technological complexity are, the more innovative and competitive products grow. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a model for determining the level of technological complexity of research and development in knowledge-based companies. In terms of its purpose, this research is part of applied research, and regarding methodology, it is in the category of mixed research. In the qualitative section, the data was collected from the literature review and semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field of research and development. First, seven categories were extracted for the complexity levels of research and development, and the Frascati category (including basic research, applied research, and experimental development) was selected based on the experts’ opinions. Then, during three stages of coding (open, central and selective), the influential factors in determining the level of complexity were identified and the research model was formed. In the quantitative part, the data was collected from a sample of 290 people from the target statistical population (Golestan Science & Technology Park) through a researcher-made questionnaire. Then, the data was analyzed and model fit test using structural equation modeling method, was conducted. The data analysis was done using smart pls3 software. The results indicated a suitable fit of the data with the final model, including complexity levels and 91 effective indicators in determining complexity levels. This model can be a suitable tool for research and development departments of knowledge-based companies, in order to improve the level of research and development based on global standards and create transformation in the fields of technology and knowledge production and increase added value.