جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کاتالاز » در نشریات گروه « شیلات »

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 2-phenoxyethanol on antioxidant enzymes capacity including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in various tissues (blood, mucus, brain, gill, and liver) of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at immediately and 24 h after induction anesthesia. First, the fish (n=180, with an average weight of 5.82±0.8) were divided into six groups (each group with 3 repetitions) and exposed to 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mL/L of 2-phenoxyethanol for the determination of its lowest concentration for inducing anesthesia. The minimum concentration for anesthesia was determined 0.3 mL/L. Then, 72 fish (with an average weight of 5.79±0.73) were assigned to control and experiment groups (36 fish in each group) to evaluate the effect of this concentration of anesthetic on antioxidant enzymes capacity in various tissues of rainbow trout. The samples of blood serum, mucus, and tissue extract (brain, gill, and liver) were prepared from fish in each group, along with measuring various enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) and protein, at 0 (immediately after anesthesia) and 24 h (after induction anesthesia). The results showed that the anesthetic 2-phenoxyethanol inhibited the antioxidant capacities in different tissues, probably through the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage. The comparing the results of the capacity of antioxidant enzymes in different tissues of rainbow trout anesthetized with 2-phenoxyethanol and the obvious difference in the downward or upward course of these enzymes shows that the non-invasive method (mucus and blood samples) to express the status of the antioxidant defense system of rainbow trout is not suitable when faced with the anesthetic 2-phenoxyethanol.

Diclofenac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug widely produced and consumed throughout the world. The advancement of this drug through medicinal and urban wastewater and exposure to aquatic organisms leads to changes in the physiology of non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diclofenac on the activity of two antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase and Catalase) in Cyprinus carpio as a valuable species in the Caspian Sea. For this purpose, two control groups and three treatments with concentrations of 2.5, 5.1 and 5 mg/L diclofenac were selected. Samples from three replications were taken at 7, 14 and 21 days. After extracting the blood serum samples, colorimetric was performed using ELISA reader to determine the activity of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes by using Zellbio kits. The results of this study showed that two independent variables of time and exposure concentration had a significant effect on the changes of dependent variables of Catalase and Superoxide dismutase (p<0.05). Changes in the activity of Superoxide dismutase in the second and third weeks of treatment with 5 and 2.5 mg/L with 26 U/ml had a significant difference (p˂0.05), the severity of the changes was related to the concentration of the drug. The activity changes of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes were significantly correlated with the concentration and exposure time of Diclofenac, respectively. These changes in all treatments have been increased in comparison with the two treatments. The highest activity of Superoxide dismutase and Catalase enzymes belonged to treatment 5 (26, 15.3 U/ml), respectively, during the third week.

The current study has determined the toxicity effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on the some vital organs such as gill, liver and kidney of Caspian Roach; Rutillus rutillus caspicus. For this purpose, 120 fishes were used as experimental fishes and exposed to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg/L of Cu nanoparticles for 21 days, and 30 fishes as control. The mean water temperature of the aquaria was 22±2 ºC, dissolved oxygen 5.2 mg/L, pH at 7±0.004 and the concentration of Calcium Carbonate was 270 ppm. On the 7, 14 and 21 days after exposing the fishes to CuNPs, three fish were randomly selected from each aquaria, sacrificed and samples from their liver and blood were taken. Changing in antioxidant enzymes level were determined by evaluation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in the blood of fish. In first week, the samples that exposed to 0/1 mg/L of CuNPs concentration had more activities in SOD and CAT levels (p<0.01) but other treatments (0.2 & 0.5 mg/L) didn’t have any increase in enzyme activities. The liver microscopic sections were prepared and stained by H&E method and examined by light microscope which showed histological alternations in the liver tissues. Histological changes in liver included blood congestion in the central veins, cytoplasmic vacuolation of the hepatocytes, cellular hypertrophy, congestion in the blood sinusoids and necrosis of the hepatocytes and nuclear pyknosis. The degree of damages was more intensive at higher CuNPs concentrations. Evaluation of these changes could be useful in estimating the harmful effects of CuNPs. The result of the study showed that CuNPs could cause decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities and severe damages in the liver tissues of Caspian roach; Rutillus rutillus caspicus and have lethal effects for fish.

In order to study of vitamin C effect on body composition and antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase and catalase in five diets containing different levels of vitamin C (0, 50, 250, 750and 1500mg vitamin/kg diet) had been fed by Caspian brown trout fry (Salmo trutta caspius) for 6 weeks in triplicate. After 6 weeks, the findings of growth parameters and survival showed significant difference among groups (P< 0.05). The lowest amount of SGR, BWG and survival was observed in control group while the group of 750 mg/kg had the highest amount of SGR, BWG and survival than those from others. The vitamin C concentration in tissue correlated positively with increasing its levels in diets. The vitamin C requirements were estimated to be 569.1 mg kg-1 based on body weight gain. Body composition including moisture, ash, fat and protein showed no significant difference among groups (P>0/05). The effect of confinement stress on antioxidant enzymes activity of control diet was indicated a sigtnificat increase in activity after stress than that from before sttress (P < 0.05), While other diets showed no significatnt diference between pre-stress and after stress (P > 0.05). The findings suggest that the 750 mg/kg vitamin C could be affected on growth and survival in caspian brown trout fty.