جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بهبود مقاومت » در نشریات گروه « کشاورزی »

The present study was performed to evaluate the protective effect of molasses pretreatment on the liver index of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in exposure to copper oxide and titanium nanoparticles. Therefore, 250 juveniles of common carp for 42 days in four categories, rations without molasses (treatment 1), diets containing 0.5% molasses (treatment 2), diets containing 1% molasses (treatment 3) and diets Containing 2% molasses (treatment 4) were divided. Then, 50% of the lethal concentrations of copper and titanium oxide nanoparticles were added to each group for fourteen days. Histological studies of fish exposed to molasses and oxidomes and titanium nanoparticles showed structural abnormalities in liver tissue such as hemorrhage, fattening, and macrophage accumulation. So that these changes were very different compared to the tissues of the control group. The final conclusion of the present study showed that nano-titanium and nano-copper treatment resulted in tissue damage in carp liver; Although pathological complication was also observed in the combined treatments of the mentioned nanoparticles and molasses, but the severity of injuries decreased with increasing molasses concentration.

The presence of nanoparticles affects the physiological condition of fish and reduces the immune function of fish, so the use of immune stimulants such as molasses is very important. 250 juveniles of common carp for 42 days in four categories: ration without molasses (treatment 1), ration containing 0.5% molasses (treatment 2), ration containing 1% molasses (treatment 3) and ration containing 2% molasses (Treatment 4) were divided. Then, 50% of the lethal concentration of nano-iron was added to each group for fourteen days. Histological studies of fish exposed to molasses and iron nanoparticles showed structural abnormalities in liver tissue. So that these changes were very different compared to the tissues of the control group. The final conclusion of the present study showed that nano-iron treatment led to tissue damage in carp liver; Although histopathological complication was also observed in the combination of nano-iron and molasses treatments, but the severity of injuries decreased with increasing molasses concentration. The negative effect of iron nanoparticles on normal carp liver tissue by molasses seems to be minimized.

The use of immune stimulants such as algae has a key role in enhancing of immunity. On the other hand, the presence of nanoparticles affects the physiological status of fish and reduces their immune function. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of enrichment of diet with algae on carp serum immune parameters in exposure to zinc oxide. 250 common carp were divided in four groups for 42 days, algae-free (treatment 1, control), food containing 0.5% algae (treatment 2), food containing 1% algae (treatment 3) and food containing 2% algae (treatment 4), then 50% of acute concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles (1.5 mg/l) was added to each of the groups over a period of fourteen days. The results of this study showed that in general, experimental treatments had a significant effect on serum protein, immunoglobulin and serum albumin levels (P<0.05), but there was no significant effect on serum glucose (P>0.05). Also, experimental treatments had a significant effect on ASA, ALP and ALT levels (P<0.05). The significantly increased rate of these indices was due to treatments fed with algae. Also, these indices increased significantly in treatment of zinc oxide and also in zinc with algae group. Experimental treatments did not had a significant effect on blood glucose level (P>0.05). It can be concluded that Padina algae may partially improve the reducing effect of nano-oxide on serum total protein and immunoglobulin levels, which requires further research in this regard.

Pollutants especially nanoparticles as emerging contaminants in water may causes stress response in fish physiology and fish health that ultimately could reduce fish immune function and, hence the use of immuno simulator such as probiotics seems very essential. A total of 250 fry carp for 42 days in three treatments of without probiotics and prebiotics level A (106) and Level B (107) were divided. Then each group exposed to 50% of nano-iron LC50 for 10 days. The serum biochemical parameters were measured using an ELISA plate reader and the device Sysmaks with commercial Kits. Probiotics alone hadn’t a significant effect on glucose, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin and total cholesterol (P≥0.05), but silver was reduced this indices (P>0.05), using combination of probiotics and silver also increased glucose, direct and total bilirubin with total cholesterol (P>0.05). Nano-silver cause inhabitation and reduction of serum biochemical indices that lead to depletion of these indices, but using combination of probiotics and nano particle reduced inhabitation effects of nano silver and lead to elevation of indices. Overall results showed that Lactobacillus probiotic could decrease the amount of serum biochemical markers with the improvement of existing situation, but nano-silver lead to stress conditions and increased markers by creating stressful condition, and then using a combination of Lactobacillus decreased adverse effects of nano-silver.

Application of nanotechnology is increasingly expanding and discharge of nanomaterials into aquatic ecosystems is inevitable. The present study was carried out to evaluate the pathological effects of various concentrations of nickel oxide nanoparticles in the diet of (O. mykiss) along with the ability of this species to regenerate and recover its biological activities in the presence or absence of dietary silymarin. To that end, 1200 fish (3.83±0.01g) were randomly allotted into eight distinct treatments with 3 respective replicates. Treatments included control group without any supplemental nickel oxide nanoparticle or silymarin and other experimental groups comprising various levels of dietary nickel oxide nanoparticles (0, 100 and 500 mg/kg feed) and silymarin (0 and 1 g /kg feed). Gill tissues were taken at two stages (at the end of the first and second month of the experiment). Different pathological alterations including aneurysm, fusion of secondary lamella, congestion, epithelial cells hyperplasia and epithelial lifting observed in fish fed with diets containing nanoparticles. Results showed that treatments fed with diets containing both nickel oxide nanoparticles and silymarin had lower degrees of gill tissue pathological alterations in comparison to those fed with diets which only had nanoparticles. In conclusion, silymarin supplementation protected gill tissues against dietary nanoparticle contamination due to its antioxidative activities.