foundational data theory

This research was done with the purpose of revealingfaculty the members Strategies the process changing the intended curriculum in practice by with the approach of foundational data theory approach.

Iin the first stage, based on the data theory of the foundation, 20 members in universities field were interviewed using a targeted sampling method. Then they chose people to develop the desired classes; Therefore, theoretical sampling was undertaken. The logic of data heoretical saturation was used for the adequacy of the sample size. The tools is used semi-structured individual interviews and field notes. So that the interviews who started with answering questions and it was targeted based on what the participants said. For determining the validity of the data in this research, it has been done by recording interviews and approval of the final descriptions by the participants and the researcher's angulation technique. After typing, the text of the interviews was transferred to MAXQDA 2020 software and coded. Coding based on the paradigm model of Corbin and Strauss (2008). It included three stages (open, axial and selective coding). In this research, 688 open codes were obtained.

strategies include semi-adaptive implementation (five category), free implementation (four category), faithful implementation (two category) and impolite implementation (two category) has been existed.

The concept of making a change in the intended curriculum is related to a set of characteristics, beliefs and educational psychological needs, difficulties, factors and principles that, if identified correctly, can lead us to reach appropriate answers.

In today's highly competitive world, in order to access talents, organizations must have a vision beyond the simple replacement of labor force. For this reason, some experts consider succession as the second major challenge facing today's organizations and believe that if organizations do not have written strategic plans for it, especially in key jobs, they will face many problems. . In this regard, the aim of this research is to design a succession model in the customs organization with the foundation's data approach. This research was carried out in the framework of a qualitative approach and using the data research method of the foundation. The tool of data collection is semi-structured interviews, and in order to collect information, interviews were conducted with 15 experts, including professors of the University of Economics and Finance and managers of the Customs Organization, using a targeted sampling method. Data analysis was done in three stages: open coding, central coding and selective coding. Based on that, the qualitative research model was designed. The results of the current research show the extraction of more than 267 codebases, 102 small categories or concepts, and 21 categories of extraction and their characteristics were identified, which using and paying attention to all of them together can provide the conditions for achieving succession. Based on the results of this research, the main category in this research is succession in the customs organization. Also, the causal conditions include creating motivation and morale among employees, improving the organization, providing the human resources needed by the organization in the future, permanence of experiences and skills in the organization, the possibility of creating gaps and interruptions in customs work, providing high quality services, complexity and uniqueness. Customs Organization. The results obtained in this research are: creation of motivation and creativity, productivity and effectiveness of the organization, development of the organization and achievement of organizational goals, and increase in knowledge and awareness, which can be achieved in the case of applying training strategies and increasing skills, organizational information resources, resource management It is possible to achieve them by developing a strategy and a comprehensive system of succession planning and culture building in the customs organization, and internal factors and external factors can provide the basis for their implementation, although the existing challenges and obstacles such as weak management in Substitution, politicization and external pressures in customs may slow down this process, which should be considered in order to eliminate and reduce its harmful effects.

Porpose: Formulation of the development model of the position of the heutagogy approach in the principals of secondary schools in Ahvaz city based on the data theory of the foundation was the aim of the present study. According to the purpose of the research, it was an applied type and the research method was a case study. The statistical population was a group of experts including middle school principals and experts and experts in the field of education. The interview method was used to collect research data. In the current research, the reliability was done through "checking by participants or interviewees". In addition, in order to confirm and validate the findings of the optimal situation, an interview was conducted with seven educational experts, and the information obtained from the interview process and the quality and depth of the data were confirmed by the group of relevant experts. In this research, the data theory analysis method of the foundation was discussed for the categorization of the interviews.Result and The results showed that self-evaluation and other-evaluation is the key to formulating a heutagogy model, and at the same time, it does not neglect the positive and constructive role of interaction with others. The superiority of this model compared to the model presented by Belifore (1996) can be seen in terms of attention to the analysis of all the dimensions affecting the organization, attention to self-knowledge and an empowering view of evaluation.Developing the position of heutagogy in managers, an inevitable approach The changes and transformations of societies and the growth and expansion of international competitions in educational fields and the need of learners for new knowledge and information have made the role of educational programs more important in creating preparation and grounding the success of teachers. Training and improvement of human resources is considered as one of the main strategies to achieve human capital with positive adaptation to the conditions of change as a competitive advantage for organizations, so learning is developed based on the heutagogy approach from all three aspects of knowledge, attitude and skill. In the professional development of teachers based on the heutagogy approach, the selection of learning content and the method of assessment is through negotiation, which with this method, the learning content is coordinated with the needs of the learner and is rooted in the needs of the learner. Therefore, the professional development of teachers in this approach is based on the concepts of understanding complexity and having systemic thinking. Ability to learn, intrinsic motivation and deep learning are emphasized. From the point of view of this approach, in a complex and unpredictable world, learners must have the ability to understand complex relationships and interactions between phenomena; By being ready to gain new experiences, try to develop their capabilities independently; They can plan their growth steps and take effective decisions and actions in different and new situations. This applied qualitative research was conducted using grounded theory. The main tool for collecting qualitative data was in-depth and unstructured interviews with research experts. Coding agreement coefficient was used. The statistical population consisted of 13 experts from education managers in the city of Ahvaz in 1400, who were selected by purposeful sampling. The sample size was considered based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The information obtained from the interview process and the quality and depth of the data were confirmed by the group of relevant experts. In this research, the data theory analysis method of the Foundation was used to categorize the interviews. Among the criteria for selecting experts, a group of experts including middle school principals with at least 10 years of experience and university experts were considered as the statistical population and were interviewed in depth. Complete mastery of the field of educational approaches, especially hyutagogy. In order to determine the validity and reliability of the current research, the elements of reliability, transferability, repeatability, and verifiability were used. Validity and transferability were evaluated and confirmed by key informants, research participants, similar samples, and experts during the research, with constant doubt while applying appropriate adjustments. Reproducibility of the data was also observed with the help of the foundation's systematic methods of data theorizing in collecting, recording, analyzing and interpreting the data. Also, the ability to verify by using the opinions and providing evidence and findings to experts, informants, participants and similar samples, using technical and field notes and strategies to improve theoretical sensitivity and avoid bias was done during the research.Discussion and The underlying theory of the model of this research is the approach of heutagogy in managers. In hyutagogy, knowing how to learn is the most important skill that anyone should learn. Hyutagogy creates opportunities for learners to take charge of their own learning process; Get resources, monitor the effectiveness and efficiency of their own programs. The findings of the research showed 12 central topics and 31 indicators in the form of 1- causal reasons including: job context (identification of learning needs, learning in professional and personal life, interaction and dialogue, transformational leadership style). 2- intervening reasons including: environmental conditions. competitive advantage, school reputation, school's position in education, awareness) - limitations (information limitations, organizational limitations, teachers' skill limitations) 3- background reasons including: supervision and control (supervision and control at the education level) - Legal requirements (laws and requirements and macro policies, transnational interactions, information needs) 4- Reasons for the central category including: organizational policies and strategies (education goals, school-based management). Teaching-learning strategies (learner-centered, learners) - self-evaluation and different evaluation (continuous self-evaluation, community feedback) 5- Strategic reasons include: homogeneity and common thinking (common conversation, recognition of perspectives, continuous self-improvement) - cooperation (constructive interaction, efficiency) 6 - Consequences included: evaluation and monitoring (evaluation by teachers, evaluation by education and training, continuous improvement), continuous feedback (increasing knowledge, empowerment) to develop the position of hyutagogy approach in managers.Therefore, the results showed that self-evaluation and other evaluation are the focus of developing the hyutagogy model, and at the same time, it does not neglect the positive and constructive role of interaction with others. The superiority of this model over the model presented by Belifore (1996) can be seen in terms of attention to the analysis of all dimensions affecting the organization, attention to self-knowledge and an empowering view of evaluation.