جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "oral health" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Background
Dental diseases and disorders are reported to affect specific ages, genders, and races of patients. Therefore, epidemiological investigations are necessary for understanding dental diseases and disorders.
ObjectivesThis cross-sectional study aims to determine the prevalence and potential risk factors of chronic pulpitis, dental caries, and periapical disease in adults seeking treatment at the Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, a major referral center in the Northern region of China.
MethodsA total of 3,245 males and females visited the Department of Adult Dentistry and the Department of Endodontics of the Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Tianjin, China, for oral health concerns from January 17, 2020, to November 18, 2023. Among these patients, 615 (19%) were receiving treatment for chronic pulpitis, dental caries, and/or periapical diseases at the institute. Demographic parameters and clinical examination results of 496 patients (119 patients were excluded due to missing information) who were being treated for chronic pulpitis (long-term inflammation of the dental pulp), dental caries (a biofilm-mediated, sugar-driven, multifactorial, dynamic disease), and/or periapical disease (inflammation around the tooth root) with varying severity (moderate or severe) were included in the study.
ResultsOf the 496 patients, 300 (60%) were females, 328 (66%) were aged 60 years or older, and 295 (59%) had issues with mandibular teeth. Among the patients, 250 (50%), 301 (61%), and 151 (30%) were diagnosed with dental caries, chronic pulpitis, and periapical disease(s), respectively. Female gender (P = 0.041), age ≥ 60 years (P = 0.045), and issues with mandibular teeth (P = 0.046) were found to be associated with chronic pulpitis, dental caries, and periapical diseases in the patients.
ConclusionsThe prevalence of dental diseases and disorders in Han Chinese adults is 19% in the Northern regions of China. Chronic pulpitis and dental caries are the most prevalent dental diseases, while periapical diseases occur less frequently among Han Chinese adults in the Northern regions of China. Females, individuals aged ≥ 60 years, and issues with mandibular teeth are independent risk factors for the development of chronic pulpitis, dental caries, and periapical disease in adult patients in Northern regions of China. Policymakers in China should consider the findings of this study to reduce dental diseases and disorders in Chinese adults, especially in the Northern regions of China.
Keywords: Chronic Pulpitis, Dental Caries, Dental Diseases, Dentistry, Mandibular Teeth, Periapical Disease, Oral Health, Tooth -
Background
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition significantly impacting oral and dental health. Education plays a crucial role in improving the quality of life for diabetic patients.
AimThis study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of a self-management education program on self-efficacy related to oral and dental health in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
MethodThis experimental study was conducted on 70 type 2 diabetic patients referred to the Tarafa Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The subjects were randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 12-session (8 sessions and 4 follow-up sessions) self-efficacy training and standard care, while the control group only received the standard care. The participants completed the scales before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software (version 22) and chi-square, independent t, and paired t-tests. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
ResultsThe control group showed a non-significant increase of 1.90±1.2 in self-efficacy related to oral and dental health (p>0.05). However, the intervention group experienced a significant increase of 4.77±0.5 in self-efficacy related to oral and dental health (p<0.05).
Implications for Practice:
The present study showed that a multifaceted self-management intervention, consisting of face-to-face, participatory training with feedback opportunities, can effectively improve self-efficacy related to oral and dental health in type 2 diabetic patients. This approach is recommended to enhance the quality of life related to oral and dental health in these patients.
Keywords: Dental Health, Educational Program, Oral Health, Self-Efficacy, Type 2 Diabetes -
Context:
This study aims to investigate the implementation and effectiveness of hospital dentistry (HD) in the Armed Forces, incorporating an integrative literature review and a detailed case report. It seeks to highlight the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to oral and systemic health in military patients, as well as identify significant gaps in current research that need to be addressed to achieve improved healthcare outcomes.
Evidence Acquisition:
An integrative review methodology was adopted, with articles selected through the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scielo databases using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria focused on the practice of HD in military settings. This approach ensured a comprehensive understanding of the existing literature. Simultaneously, a case report of an elderly patient treated within the military context was presented, detailing the diagnosis, intervention, and outcomes of HD, thus providing a practical example of the concepts discussed in the review.
ResultsThe literature review revealed a scarcity of specific studies on HD in military settings, despite evidence highlighting the crucial role of an interdisciplinary team, including dentists, for the effective treatment of oral conditions affecting the overall health of patients. This lack of research underscores the need for further studies to address these gaps. The case report demonstrated the positive impact of HD on the patient's recovery, emphasizing the critical need for its integration into military healthcare to achieve improved patient outcomes.
ConclusionsThe integration of HD in military settings is essential but currently underutilized. The research emphasizes the need to develop and document HD practices that enhance both the oral and systemic health of military personnel, promoting a more comprehensive and interdisciplinary care approach. This integration can lead to better health outcomes, reduced hospital stays, and overall improved quality of life for military patients.
Keywords: Military Personnel, Dental Staff, Hospital, Oral Health, Health Information Management, Chronic Disease -
Background
Patients with oral cancer often face significant side effects from both the disease and its treatments, such as tooth loss, speech difficulties, and changes in physical appearance. These challenges can profoundly affect their self-esteem.
ObjectivesTo gain a deeper understanding of the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) in this population, this study examines the OHRQOL of individuals with squamous cell carcinoma of the mouth in Khuzestan province.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study focused on patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) registered in the Khuzestan province cancer registry system in 2023. Sampling was conducted using a census method. Participants were included if they had a confirmed diagnosis of OSCC and consented to participate. Those who withdrew or provided incomplete questionnaires were excluded. Data were collected using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) Questionnaire, administered by the researcher, allowing participants to select responses that best reflected their experiences. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 27 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY, USA).
ResultsA total of OSCC patients, 47 males and 32 females, were included in this analysis. The findings of the current study indicated that the mean score of OHRQOL was 6.15 ± 31.45, which is at a moderate level. The highest mean score for OHRQOL dimensions was attributed to physical disability, while psychological disability had the lowest. Although in the current study, no significant relationship was observed between any of the variables with the total score OHRQOL, a significant correlation was found between the mean score of functional limitations and marital status, decayed teeth, dental restoration, and income (P < 0.05). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between the mean score of psychological disability and education, job, and insurance types (P < 0.05). Additionally, handicap was significantly higher among single individuals compared to married individuals (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsTo improve the oral and dental health of individuals with OSCC, public health initiatives should emphasize preventive dental interventions.
Keywords: Oral Health, Oral-Related Quality Of Life, Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma -
Background
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common metabolic disorders. Its pathogenesis involves a combination of anatomical and biochemical abnormalities. Type 2 diabetes exhibits a genetic predisposition, while type 1 diabetes has an idiopathic, autoimmune background. Dentists can play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and identification of uncontrolled diabetes. Chronic inflammation and infections in the oral cavity can significantly impact disease management. Therefore, any dental lesions or gingival alterations, including periodontitis, must be treated promptly. After taking a thorough medical and dental history of suspicious cases, appropriate diagnostic tests should be conducted, or the patient should be referred to a physician. Early diagnosis of diabetes is instrumental in preventing both acute and chronic complications. Additionally, patients with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing severe illness if infected with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). The aim of this article is to share the latest information about the two types of diabetes and to highlight how dentists can contribute to their management.
Method and Materials:
This article provides a compact overview of relevant articles and books published from 2014 to 2024.
ConclusionDentists play a vital role in the early diagnosis of diabetes and in identifying uncontrolled or poorly controlled cases. Close cooperation between healthcare providers and dentists is essential for effective diabetes management. This collaboration was particularly important during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Keywords: Diabetes, Oral Health, Uncontrolled Diabetes, COVID-19 -
Background
Previous studies have shown that the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is associated with different health outcomes. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between DII and oral health. We aimed to assess the association between energy‑adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E‑DII) and periodontal disease.
MethodsThis cross‑sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 213 Iranian participants. E‑DII was calculated based on the data obtained by the food frequency questionnaire. The plaque control index was measured by the O’Leary method. Gingivitis was evaluated based on the signs of inflammation in the gums. The Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) are based on the number of decayed, filled, and missed teeth resulting from caries.
Resultsthe score of E‑DII among subjects in the last tertile of the E‑DII was ≥ ‑0.33/. Therefore, participants of the present study did not consume a high proinflammatory diet. No significant correlation between E‑DII and dental plaque control index (r = 0.046, P = 0.518), gingival index (r = 0.001, P = 0.998), and DMFT (r = ‑0.021, P = 0.762) was observed.
ConclusionsIn this study, inflammatory diet and plaque and gingival index were not associated; it should also be investigated in prospective studies.
Keywords: Gingivitis, Inflammation, Oral Health, Periodontitis -
Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the impact of oral and dental health status on the self-esteem levels of Turkish university youth.
MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study included a sample of 962 Turkish university youth, aged 16 - 24, who met all the study criteria during the 2020 - 2021 academic year. Data were collected using a questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The data were analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. T -tests were used for pairwise comparisons, and one-way ANOVA was used for multiple comparisons.
ResultsAmong the students who participated in the study, 56.7% were found to have high self-esteem, with a mean RSES score of 1.69 ± 1.62. Statistically significant differences were found between the RSES score and several factors, including decayed teeth (P < 0.01), presence of halitosis (P < 0.01), tooth color (P < 0.01), crooked teeth (P = 0.045), and toothache (P = 0.008). It was determined that dental crookedness, decayed teeth, bad breath, dark yellow teeth, the presence of tooth fillings, and extracted teeth were negatively associated with self-esteem. However, no statistically significant differences were found between self-esteem and factors such as the presence of tooth fillings, extracted teeth, tooth brushing habits, frequency of dental visits, or snack food consumption (P > 0.05).
ConclusionsThe results of this study reveal that poor oral care negatively impacts individuals' self-esteem. Issues related to oral and dental health, particularly concerning the appearance and condition of teeth, affect young people's relationships and self-confidence in social environments. It is crucial to develop family and school education programs, as well as national policies, particularly during childhood and university years, when attitudes toward oral and dental health are being established.
Keywords: Students, Youth, Oral Health, Self-Esteem -
BackgroundOral health is imperative for holistic well-being, transcending dental considerations. Analyzing hygiene practices in diverse areas facilitates strategic health planning. This study evaluated and compared oral health and behaviors among male students aged 13-15 years old attending both central and suburban high schools in Zahedan, Iran.MethodsThis cross-sectional comparative study was conducted during the 2019-2020 school year on 260 male students aged 13-15 in Zahedan, Iran. The study had 130 students in the suburban (case) group and 130 in the central (control) group. Oral health status was measured using Decay, Missing, Filling, Teeth (DMFT) Index and the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). A questionnaire was used to assess behaviors. Statistical analyses included Independent Samples t-Test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Chi-square test.ResultsThe prevalence of dental caries was similar between the groups (P=0.31), but the case group had a significantly higher prevalence of periodontal involvement (P=0.03). The mean DMFT index was higher in the case group (P=0.05), and the distribution of DMFT scores differed significantly between the two groups (P=0.02). There was a significant difference in the CPI index of the two study groups (P=0.0001). Oral health behaviors revealed that the case group had a higher frequency of not brushing teeth and using alternative cleaning methods compared with the control group.ConclusionsOur findings indicated that students from the suburban area of Zahedan had poorer oral health status and weaker oral health behaviors compared with the students from the central city. These results underscored the importance of considering regional disparities in oral health and hygiene practices when developing targeted health initiatives for the local population.Keywords: Oral Health, Student, Adolescence, Dental Caries
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Background
Disadvantaged subjects are considered a high-risk group due to limited access, insufficient awareness regarding the importance of oral health, and lack of preventive behavior. This study explores oral health literacy (OHL), oral health behaviors (OHB), and factors associated with OHL among women living in Zahedan's slum areas in Iran.
MethodsIn 2020, a cross-sectional study was carried out on 216 disadvantaged women in the slums of Zahedan City in Iran. The women's OHL and OHB data were collected using the Persian version of the previously validated Oral Health Literacy-Adult Questionnaire. Statistical analysis, including descriptive and analytical statistics, such as multi-variable linear regression analysis, was conducted using the STATA software version 14.2.
ResultsAll 216 female subjects residing in the slum areas of Zahedan City completed the questionnaire (response rate: 100%). The mean age of participants was 26.7(±5.03) years old. The respondents' mean score of OHL was 7.6 (±2.47) out of 17. 18.98% reported brushing their teeth twice or more daily, 83.3% used fluoride toothpaste, 37.96% had visited a dentist within the past year, 50.93% consumed sugary snacks less than twice per day, and 87.96% did not smoke. In the regression analysis, there was a significant positive relationship between OHL with age (P<0.001), occupation (P=0.03), and educational level (P<0.001).
ConclusionThe level of oral health literacy among women in the slum area was insufficient. The significant positive associations between OHL and factors such as age, occupation, and education level suggest that targeted educational interventions and community-based programs may be needed to improve oral health knowledge and behaviors in this population.
Keywords: Oral Health, Health Literacy, Health Behavior, Poverty Areas, Vulnerable Populations -
Background
Regularly assessing the oral health of children and adolescents is crucial. Researchers seek valid and reliable questionnaires to obtain comparable global data, enabling oral health evaluation in large populations, remote regions, or even during an epidemic like COVID-19, while saving time and money.
ObjectivesThe present study was conducted to translate and validate the Persian version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Self-assessment Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents.
MethodsIn 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, Iran. The Persian questionnaire was tested on 20 individuals to assess the fluency and clarity of the Persian translation. The questionnaire was then filled out by 40 individuals, and reliability was evaluated using the test-retest method. The final questionnaire was completed by 878 randomly selected participants aged 7 - 18 years online. To establish concurrent validity, the researchers added three questions related to the presence of toothache without dental visits, filled teeth, and teeth with endodontic treatment. Internal consistency was checked by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient.
ResultsA total of 290 students aged 7 to 12 and 588 students aged 13 to 18 participated in the study. Cronbach’s alpha for the entire questionnaire was 0.656 for students under 12 years old and 0.643 for those over 12 years old. The intra-cluster correlation coefficient for both age groups was between 0.81 and 0.87. Examining the concurrent validity of this questionnaire showed that the three additional questions added by the researchers have a significant relationship with the questions describing the health of teeth and gums (oral health), the number of times participants felt toothache in the last 12 months, and the problem of biting and chewing. However, they had no significant relationship with the risk factor related to nutrition. Moreover, the questionnaire is multifactorial.
ConclusionsThe Persian version of the WHO Oral Health Self-assessment Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents is reliable over time. If the questionnaire is repeated and the responses of people in the same population are collected, it yields similar results. It has internal consistency, but it is a multi-factor questionnaire.
Keywords: Validity, Self-Assessment Questionnaire, Oral Health, Child, Persian -
BackgroundDietary patterns affect different aspects of overall health, especially oral and dental status. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and nutritional status using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010) among health care workers.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on a population participating in the first phase of the Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Employees’ Health Cohort Study (SUMS-EHCS) from August 2018 to the end of March 2019. Demographic data, occupational status, DMFT index, AHEI index using the semi-quantitative food frequencyquestionnaire (FFQ) were determined. The relationship between DMFT and AHEI-2010 was assessed too.ResultsTotally, 1,116 SUMS-EHCS participants (mean age of 41.55±6.81 years, 52.9% female) were enrolled. The mean DMFT and AHEI-2010 were 10.46±5.45 and 65.23±13.05, respectively. A significant inverse linear relationship between DMFT and AHEI-2010 was observed (Spearman’s rho: -0.060; p=0.04). In addition, the multiple linear regression showed that DMFT index to be significantly decreased when AHEI-2010 increased [coefficient: -0.048 (95% confidence interval: -0.088, -0.008); p=0.01]. Moreover, according to multiple quantile regression, the significant inverse relationship between AHEI-2010 and DMFT could be generalized to the 50th quantile of DMFT, in which with every 10-unit increase in AHEI-2010 resulted in a decrease in DMFT by 0.41 teeth (p=0.006).ConclusionGreater adherence to AHEI-2010 may improve oral health. Moreover, lower age and sufficient educational level was related to a higher DMFT score.Keywords: Dental Caries, Oral Health, DMFT, Diet, AHEI
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Background
Oral health is a central aspect of overall health and well-being. However, people with psychiatric disorders are more vulnerable to oral health problems due to illness-related factors, limited access to dental care, and lifestyle habits.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the dental health status in patients with psychiatric disorders.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study included all 80 patients with psychiatric disorders hospitalized at Razi Hospital in Tabriz, Iran in 2020. Sampling was done by census method. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire covering demographics, oral health behavior, and the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth Index (DMFT). Information was obtained through interviews, a review of medical records, and dental examinations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and ANOVA in SPSS v.24 software.
Results52.6% of participants were male. The mean (SD) age of the participants was 39.16 (9.42) years. Over half (53.8%) had low socioeconomic status and half were married. The mean (SD) DMFT was 10.96 (9.77). The results showed significant relationships between the frequency of dental visits, smoking, and the DMFT index (p < 0.05).
ConclusionThe DMFT index in patients with psychiatric disorders was unfavorable. Support programs to promote self-care, oral health, smoking cessation, and regular dental visits are needed in this population.
Keywords: Oral Health, Dental Health, Psychiatric Disorders, DMFT Index -
مقدمه
سلامت دهان در سلامت کلی انسان نقش مهمی دارد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین سواد سلامت دهان والدین و ارتباط آن با شاخص DMFT در دانش آموزان دختر یکی از مدارس شهر مشهد در سال 1402 انجام شده است.
مواد و روش هااین پژوهش یک مطالعه مقطعی از نوع توصیفی-تحلیلی بود که در یکی از مدارس دخترانه شهر مشهد انجام گردید. مدرسه به صورت در دسترس انتخاب شد و تمامی والدین و دانش آموزان مدرسه بصورت سرشماری وارد مطالعه شدند. 623 دانش آموز بهمراه والدینشان در این مطالعه شرکت کردند. والدین پرسشنامه استاندارد سواد سلامت دهان را تکمیل کردند و شاخص DMFT دانش آموزان، توسط بهداشتکار دهان و دندان سنجیده شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS نسخه ی 26 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. سطح معنا داری 05/0 در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته هامیانگین سواد سلامت دهان والدین، 88/2±85/18 و میانگین شاخص DMFT دانش آموزان،27/2±04/2بود. نتایج آماری، ارتباط آماری منفی و معنی داری را بین سواد سلامت دهان والدین با شاخص (020/0=P) DMFT و تعداد دندانهای پوسیده دائمی دانش آموزان نشان داد (026/0=P) از بین اطلاعات دموگرافیک بررسی شده، تنها عاملی که با شاخص DMFT در ارتباط بود، درآمد خانواده بود (027/0=P) . سن، جنس، تحصیلات، نسبت و شغل نیز با سواد سلامت دهان والدین در ارتباط بود (05/0=P)
نتیجه گیرینتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که ارتقای سواد سلامت دهان والدین می تواند بر روی شاخص DMFT دانش آموزان تاثیر بگذارد. بنابراین به منظور بهبود شاخص DMFT در دانش آموزان باید مداخلاتی برای ارتقای سواد سلامت دهان والدین انجام داد.
کلید واژگان: پوسیدگی, سواد سلامت, سلامت دهان, والدینBackgroundParents play a significant role in determining children’s oral health behaviors. Oral health literacy (OHL) refers to on one’s ability in understanding and employing oral health information in order to maintain good oral health. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between parental OHL and children’s oral health status.
Methods and Materials:
This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study included female students attending a private school in Mashhad, Iran. This school was selected according to availability sampling. Students and their parents were invited to participate in this study and were enrolled using a census-based sampling method. Parents were asked to complete the oral health literacy standard questionnaire and their daughter’s DMFT or dmft index was measured by an oral hygienist. Parents’ demographic and social information were also recorded. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26.00 statistical software. P-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
ResultsA total of 632 children participated in this study. Parents showed an average OHL score of 18.85±2.88. The average DMFT index of students was 2.04±2.27. There was a negative and statistically significant relationship between parent level of OHL and children’s DMFT index as well as the number of decayed permanent teeth (P=0.020 and P=0.026, respectively). There was a positive and statistically significant correlation between parental OHL and the number of primary teeth with fillings (P=0.019). Family income was the only social factor that was significantly associated with the child’s DMFT index (P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between parents’ age, gender, educational degree, and occupation and their level of OHL (P<0.05 for all).
ConclusionThe results of this study showed that promoting parental oral health can influence students' DMFT index. Therefore, developing interventions that can ameliorate parents’ level of oral health literacy can improve the oral health outcomes of students.
Keywords: Dental Caries, Health Literacy, Oral Health, Parents -
Background
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the relationship between oral health, un-met dental needs and health-related quality of lifein South Korea older adults.
MethodsThe present study used raw data from the 2019~2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examina-tion Survey, and analyzed 4956 participants aged over 65 yr. Hierarchical multiple regression analysiswas used for associations between oral health, unmet dental needs, and HRQoL.
ResultsThe EQ-5D index differed according to tooth pain, chewing difficulty, speaking problem, subjective oral health status, oral examination, and unmet dental care needs (P<0.001). In the model 2, male, under 75 yr of age, high school graduate or higher, employed, living with a spouse, no stress, good subjective health status, no speaking problem, and no unmet dental care needs were associated with higher EQ-5D index (Adj R2= 27.6%, P<0.001).
ConclusionTo improve the HRQoL of older adults in South Korea, oral health problems need to be mini-mized through oral disease prevention and oral health education programs.
Keywords: Oral Health, Unmet Dental Care Needs, Health-Related Quality Of Life -
زمینه و هدف
پوسیدگی زودرس دندانی بیماری است که بر کیفیت زندگی کودک و سلامت کلی او تاثیر دارد و می تواند با فعالیت های روزانه و فرایند رشد کودک تداخل کند. این بیماری تحت تاثیر عوامل مختلفی چون رژیم غذایی، بهداشت دهانی و عوامل اجتماعی سلامت و مسائل روانشناختی قرار می گیرد. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی ارتباط میان پوسیدگی زودرس دندانی کودکان و کیفیت زندگی والدین بود.
روش کاراین مطالعه ی مقطعی توصیفی بر روی 552 کودک 12 تا 71 ماهه در شهر اردبیل انجام شده است. روش نمونه گیری در دسترس و از میان مراجعه کنندگان کلینیک دندانپزشکی اردبیل بود. معاینه ی کودکان برای ثبت شاخص dmft و پرسشنامه سازمان جهانی بهداشت به منظور ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی والدین استفاده شد. اطلاعات دموگرافیک کودکان و والدین نیز تعیین شد. آنالیزهای آماری شامل آزمون کروسکال والیس، واریانس یک طرفه، رگرسیون خطی و آزمون تی بود.
یافته هامیانگین نمره پرسشنامه کیفیت زندگی 17.91 ± 66.42 بود. بین میانگین کیفیت زندگی والدین و شاخص dmft همبستگی معنی داری یافت نشد (0.916=p ، 0.008= r). تفاوت معنی دار بین پوسیدگی دندانی کودک و افزایش سن و تحصیلات پدرمشاهده شد (0.05>p). تفاوت معنی داری در میانگین شاخص dmft، 5/±0 32.5 در پسران و در دختران، 7.4±5.85 مشاهده نشد (0.459=p).
نتیجه گیریمطالعه ی حاضر نشان داد که کیفیت کلی زندگی والدین و زیرشاخه های آن نظیر محل زندگی کودک، سلامت اجتماعی و جسمانی والدین ارتباط مستقیمی با پوسیدگی زودرس دندانی کودکان ندارد.
کلید واژگان: کودک, پوسیدگی دندان, کیفیت زندگی, بهداشت دهانBackgroundEarly childhood caries is a disease that affects the quality of life of a child and his overall health; it can interfere with the child's daily activities and growth process. This disease is affected by various factors such as diet, oral hygiene, social health factors and psychological issues. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between early childhood caries in children and the parents’ quality of life.
MethodsThis cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 552 children aged 12 to 71 months in Ardabil city. The convenient sampling method was used and participants were patients who referred to Ardabil Dental Health Center. Dmft index (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) was assessed after examining the children. The World Health Organization questionnaire was used to evaluate the quality of life of the parents. The demographic information of children and parents was also determined. Statistical analysis included, kruskal-wallis, t-test and linear regression.
ResultsThe average score of the quality-of-life questionnaire was 66.42±17.91. No significant correlation was found between the mean quality of life of parents and dmft index. (p=0.916, r=0.008) A significant difference was observed between the child's dental caries and the father's age and education. (p<0.05) There was no significant difference in the mean dmft index, 5.32±0.5 in boys and 5.85±4.7 in girls. (p=0.459)
ConclusionThis study showed that the general quality of life of parents and its sub-branches such as the place where the child lives, the social and physical health of the parents are not directly related to early dental caries in children.
Keywords: Child, Quality Of Life, Dental Caries, Oral Health -
زمینه و هدف
پوسیدگی زودرس دندان ها در دوران کودکی شیوع بالایی دارد. در دوره قبل از مدرسه، والدین تامین کننده اصلی بهداشت دهان و دندان کودکان هستند لذا مشارکت ایشان می تواند موجب موفقیت برنامه های پیشگیری از پوسیدگی دندان شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر یک برنامه ارتقای سلامت با استفاده از الگوی پرسید - پروسید برای ارتقای مشارکت مادران کودکان پیش دبستانی در برنامه وارنیش فلوراید انجام گردید.
مواد و روش هااین پژوهش، یک مطالعه ی مداخله ای بود که بر اساس الگوی پرسید - پروسید در سال 1400-1402 در شهر کرمانشاه انجام شد. ابتدا یک مطالعه کیفی با انتخاب 20 مادر با روش نمونه گیری هدفمند و با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام شد سپس متناسب با نتایج حاصل، مداخله آموزشی طراحی و تعداد 88 مادر به صورت در دسترس انتخاب شد، ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسش نامه و چک لیست محقق ساخته روا و پایا شده بود که در دو مرحله قبل و 2 ماه بعد از مداخله تکمیل شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS 20 و آزمون های آنالیز کوواریانس، معادلات برآوردیابی تعمیم یافته، t زوجی و مک نمار تجزیه و تحلیل شد و سطح معنی داری در تمام آزمون ها برابر 0/05 در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته هامیانگین سنی مادران در گروه مداخله (4/25±31/84) و در گروه کنترل (4/26±33/11) سال بود. یافته ها نشان دهنده ی تاثیر معنی دار مداخله آموزشی بر ارتقای میانگین نمره عوامل مستعدکننده از (6/46 ± 75/31) به (3/50 ± 90/18)، تقویت کننده از (0/98 ±5/95) به (1/01 ±7/88)، قادرکننده از (3/69± 19/11) به (1/94± 26/63) و فراوانی مشارکت مادران از (13/63درصد) به (81/81 درصد) در گروه مداخله 2 ماه بعد از مداخله آموزشی نسبت به قبل بود و گروه مداخله تفاوت معنی داری در میانگین نمره این عوامل نسبت به گروه کنترل داشت (0/05>p).
نتیجه گیرینتایج به دست آمده از این مطالعه نشان دهنده ی تاثیر مثبت یک برنامه آموزشی با استفاده از الگو پرسید - پروسید بر ارتقای مشارکت مادران در برنامه وارنیش فلورایدتراپی است. باتوجه به جامعیت، انعطاف پذیری، قابلیت ارزشیابی و متعهد بودن این الگو نسبت به اصل مشارکت توصیه می شود الگوی پرسید - پروسید به عنوان راهکاری مناسب جهت توانمندسازی و ارتقای مشارکت افراد در برنامه های بهداشتی مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
کلید واژگان: برنامه آموزشی, بهداشت دهان و دندان, الگوی پرسید - پروسید, وارنیش فلوراید, مادران, کودکانBackground and ObjectivesEarly childhood caries in childhood has a high prevalence. In the pre-school period, parents are the main providers of children's oral and dental health, so their participation can lead to the success of dental caries prevention programs. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a health promotion program using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model to promote the participation of mothers of preschool children in the fluoride varnish program.
Materials and MethodsThis research was an intervention study that was conducted based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model from 2021 to 2023 in the city of Kermanshah. First, a qualitative study was conducted by selecting 20 mothers with a purposeful sampling method and using a semi-structured interview. Then, according to the results, an educational intervention was designed and the number of 88 mothers was selected as available. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire and checklist, which was completed in two stages before and 2 months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software and analysis of covariance, generalized estimating equations, paired t, and McNemar tests and the significance level was considered equal to 0.05 in all tests.
ResultsThe average age of mothers in the intervention group (31.84 ± 4.25) and in the control group (33.11 ± 4.26) years. The findings show the significant effect of educational intervention on improving the average score of predisposing factors from (75.31 ± 6.46) to (90.18 ± 3.50), reinforcement from (5.95 ± 0.98) to (7.88 ± 1.01), enabling from (19.11 ± 3.69) to (26.63 ± 1.94) And the frequency of participation of mothers from (13.63%) to (81.81%) in the said program 2 months after the intervention was compared to before And the intervention group had a significant difference in the average score of these factors compared to the control group (p<0.05).
ConclusionThe results obtained from this study show the positive effect of an educational program using the PRECEDE-PROCEED model on the promotion of mothers' participation in the Fluoride Varnish Therapy program. Considering the comprehensiveness, flexibility, ability to evaluate and the commitment of this model to the principle of participation, it is recommended that the PRECEDE-PROCEED model be considered as a suitable solution for empowering and promoting people's participation in health programs.
Keywords: Education Program, Oral Health, PRECEDE-PROCEED Model, Fluoride Varnish, Mothers, Children -
Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects, Volume:18 Issue: 1, Winter 2024, PP 72 -76Background
Preterm birth is a heterogeneous condition with multiple underlying causes, and periodontal diseases are one of them. Approximately 900000 preterm births are reported in Pakistan each year. Oral infections such as periodontitis during pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight and preterm births. However, different studies have reported contradictory findings. We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the association of preterm birth with oral infection in pregnancy.
MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional analytical study on 400 postpartum pregnant women in Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar. Only women within the age bracket of 18‒40 years were recruited. Data were collected by an interview-based structured questionnaire. The extent and severity index were used to assess the periodontal health of participants. Frequency tables were generated, and the chi-squared test was used to determine associations between different categorical variables.
ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 25.8±4.9 years. Approximately 87.5% of the women had generalized periodontitis. Approximately 68% of mothers had moderate severity of periodontitis. The extent index showed no notable difference between the preterm and full-term birth groups. In contrast, the severity index displayed a statistically significant difference between the preterm and full-term birth groups.
ConclusionThe majority of women had generalized periodontitis. The severity index demonstrated a significant association between maternal periodontitis and preterm births. There was no association between the age of mothers and preterm births. Complications in pregnancy were not associated with preterm births.
Keywords: Dental Caries, Dentists, Infections, Maternal Mortality, Oral Health, Oral, Periodontics, Periodontitis, Pregnancy -
سابقه و هدف
پوسیدگی دندان شیری بر کیفیت زندگی کودک تاثیر دارد و می تواند در فعالیت های روزانه و فرایند رشد کودک تداخل ایجاد کند. این بیماری تحت تاثیر عوامل مختلفی چون رژیم غذایی، بهداشت دهانی و عوامل اجتماعی و اقتصادی قرار می گیرد. با توجه به اهمیت آگاهی والدین از پیشگیری از پوسیدگی دندانی در کودکان، این مطالعه با هدف بررسی ارتباط میان شاخص dmft و سطح آگاهی مادران طراحی شده است.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه ی توصیفی تحلیلی درباره ی 432 مادر دارای کودک زیر 7 سال انجام شد. پس از ثبت شاخص dmft، اطلاعات دموگرافیک کودکان و سطح آگاهی مادران با 13سوال بر اساس توصیه های آکادمی دندان پزشکی کودکان آمریکا جهت پیشگیری از پوسیدگی ارزیابی شد. به منظور تحلیل داده ها، از آزمون کروسکال والیس و ضریب هم بستگی پیرسون استفاده شد.
یافته هانمره ی آگاهی برای مادران با فرزند پسر و دختر به ترتیب برابر با 2/25 ± 3/70 و 2/36 ± 3/58 بدون تفاوت معنی دار (0/757=P) به دست آمد. مادران به سوال مربوط به سایز خمیردندان برای کودکان 3 تا 6ساله (70/8 درصد) و زمان آغاز نخ کشیدن برای کودک (38/2 درصد) بیشترین پاسخ صحیح را داده بودند. رابطه ی متغیر آگاهی مادران با شاخص dmft معنی دار نبود (0/076=P).
نتیجه گیریسطح آگاهی مادران رابطه ی معنی داری با پوسیدگی دندانی کودکان نداشت؛ ولی آگاهی مادران از روش های پیشگیری از پوسیدگی کمتر از متوسط بود. هرچند دانش مادر تنها یکی از چندین عاملی است که می تواند بر رفتارهای مربوط به بهداشت دهان کودکان تاثیر بگذارد، آموزش مادران به عنوان مداخله ای مهم برای جلوگیری از پوسیدگی باید انجام شود.
کلید واژگان: پوسیدگی, دندان شیری, بهداشت دهان, کودکBackground and ObjectivesCaries in primary dentition affects the quality of child’s life and can interfere with the child's daily activities and growth process. This disease is affected by various factors such as diet, oral hygiene and socioeconomic factors. Considering the importance of the awarness of mother in a child’s life, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the dmft index and the level of mothers’ awareness related to oral hygiene.
Materials and MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 432 mothers with children under 7 years old. After determining the dmft index, the children's demographic information and the mothers' awareness level were evaluated with 13 questions. In order to analyze the data, Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used.
ResultsThe mean score of awareness for mothers with boys and girls respectively was 3.70±2.25 and mothers 3.58±2.36 with no significant difference (P=0.757). The most correct answers from mothers to questionnaire’s questions, were given to the size of toothpaste for children aged 3 to 6 years old (70.8%) and the time to start flossing for children (38.2%). The relationship between mother's awareness and dmft index was not significant (P=0.076).
ConclusionMothers' knowledge level had no significant relationship with children's dental caries, but mothers' knowledge of caries prevention was lower than mean. Although maternal knowledge is only one of the several factors that can influence children's oral health behaviors, mothers' education should be considered as an important intervention to caries prevention.
Keywords: Dental Caries, Primary Teeth, Oral Health, Child -
زمینه و هدف
سلامت دهان و دندان به عنوان مسیر ورودی تغذیه، نقش بی بدیل در تکلم و زیبایی چهره، یکی از مهم ترین عوامل اثرگذار در فعالیت های فیزیکی، اجتماعی و روانشناختی افراد است. این مطالعه به منظور تعیین ارتباط بین شاخص پوسیدگی دندانی (DMFT) و کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت دهان انجام شد.
روش بررسیاین مطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی روی 61 بیمار (29 مرد و 32 زن) در محدوده سنی 50-20 سال مراجعه کننده به کلینیک دانشکده دندانپزشکی گرگان طی سال 1398 انجام شد. شاخص DMFT آزمودنی ها شامل پوسیدگی (Decay)، از دست دادن دندان (Missing) و پر کردگی دندان (Filling) محاسبه گردید. کیفیت زندگی با استفاده از پرسشنامه 36 سوالی DIDL (Dental Impact on Daily Living) در پنج حیطه شامل ظاهر و زیبایی دندان ها، احساس راحتی در دهان، عملکرد کلی دهان و دندان، محدودیت های غذا خوردن و درد دندان و مفصل فک مورد سنجش قرار گرفت. نمرات حاصله در سه دسته ناراضی (زیر صفر)، نسبتا راضی (صفر تا 7) و راضی (بیش از 7) تقسیم بندی شدند.
یافته هامیانگین نمره کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت دهان برابر 5.14±0.229 محاسبه شد که نشان دهنده سطح رضایت نسبی از کیفیت زندگی است. ضریب همبستگی پیرسون بین DMFT و کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با سلامت دهان -0.358 محاسبه شد که براساس آن بین DMFT و کیفیت زندگی (سطح رضایت فرد) رابطه معکوس و معنی دار وجود داشت (P<0.05). میانگین DMFT در دامنه 0-28 برابر 9.36 با بیشترین فراوانی 7 و 11 و 13 بود که هر یک 11.5% از حجم نمونه را شامل شدند. پوسیدگی (D) در دامنه 0-12 با میانگین 3.44، از دست دادن دندان (M) در دامنه 0-19 با میانگین 1.98 و پرکردگی دندان (F) در دامنه 0-13 با میانگین 3.93 قرار داشتند.
نتیجه گیرینتایج این مطالعه نشان دهنده اثرگذاری معکوس شاخص پوسیدگی دندانی بر کیفیت زندگی بیماران است. کیفیت زندگی وابسته به سلامت دهان و دندان به عنوان یک ساختار چندوجهی بر ابعاد مختلف ظاهر و زیبایی، احساس راحتی دهانی و محدودیت های غذا خوردن به عنوان مولفه های بسیار پراهمیت در کیفیت زندگی و رضایت از زندگی تاثیر می گذارد.
کلید واژگان: شاخص DMF, سلامت دهان, کیفیت زندگیBackground and ObjectiveOral and dental health are crucial for nutrition intake, speech, and facial aesthetics. They also significantly influence individuals' physical, social, and psychological activities. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the Dental Caries Index (DMFT) and oral health-related quality of life.
MethodsThis descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 61 patients (29 men and 32 women) aged 20-50 years who visited the Gorgan Dental School Clinic, Iran during 2019. The DMFT index, encompassing Decay (D), Missing (M), and Filled (F) teeth, was calculated. Quality of life was assessed using the 36-item DIDL (Dental Impact on Daily Living) questionnaire, which covers five domains: dental appearance and aesthetics, oral comfort, overall oral and dental function, eating limitations, and dental and jaw pain. Scores were categorized into three groups: dissatisfied (below 0), moderately satisfied (0 to 7), and satisfied (above 7).
ResultsThe mean score for oral health-related quality of life was 5.14±0.229, indicating a relative level of satisfaction. Pearson's correlation coefficient between DMFT and oral health-related quality of life was -0.358, suggesting a significant inverse relationship between DMFT and quality of life (P<0.05). The mean DMFT score ranged from 0 to 28, with a mean of 9.36, and the most frequent scores were 7, 11, and 13, each accounting for 11.5% of the sample. The mean decay (D) score was 3.44, the mean missing (M) score was 1.98, and the mean filled (F) score was 3.93, with ranges of 0-12, 0-19, and 0-13, respectively.
ConclusionThe results of this study indicate an inverse impact of the Dental Caries Index on patients' quality of life. Oral health-related quality of life is a multifaceted construct that affects various aspects such as appearance, oral comfort, and eating limitations, which are critical components of overall quality of life and satisfaction.
Keywords: DMF Index, Oral Health, Quality Of Life -
مقدمه
افزایش آگاهی کارشناسان بهداشت به عنوان نوعی همکاری در بخش های مختلف وزارت بهداشت می تواند منجر به ارتقاء سلامت دهان و دندان در گروه های خاص شود. هدف از مطالعه حاضر، بررسی تاثیر مداخله ی آموزشی بردقت غربالگری وارجاع گروه های هدف سلامت دهان،توسط مراقبین سلامت مراکزبهداشتی درمانی شهر زاهدان بود.
مواد و روش هاجهت انجام این مطالعه ی مداخله ای نیمه تجربی؛ هماهنگی با مرکز بهداشت شهرستان زاهدان صورت گرفت. ضریب توافق قبل و بعد از آموزش، بین مراقب سلامت و دندانپزشک،به ترتیب، 120/0 و600/0 گزارش شد. تعداد 100 نفر زنان باردار و کودکان در مرکز، ابتدا توسط دانشجوی دندانپزشکی و بعد از کسب رضایت کتبی، توسط مسئول مراقبت های سلامت دهان، در نور معمولی محیط، صندلی معمولی و با آبسلانگ مطالعه شدند. معاینات انجام شده توسط هر دو معاینه گر طبق شرایط یکسان اما در دو اتاق جداگانه بود. پس ازپایان معاینات نوبت اول ، آموزش دوساعته تئوری و عملی برای مراقبین سلامت، انجام شد. یک هفته پس از آموزش، معاینات بیماران جدید طبق روالی که درنوبت اول انجام شد، ادامه یافت واطلاعات درفرم مربوطه ثبت گردید.در نهایت "ارجاع صحیح" و "ارجاع غیرصحیح" مراقب سلامت قبل و پس از مداخله توسط نرم افزار SPSS19 آنالیز و مقایسه گردید.
یافته هافراوانی ارجاع صحیح کودکان بعد از مداخله (74 درصد) بطور معنی داری بیشتر از قبل از مداخله با (54 درصد) بود. فراوانی ارجاع صحیح مادران باردار ، بعد از مداخله (80 درصد) بطور معنی داری بیشتر از قبل از مداخله (44 درصد) بود. توافق بین مراقب و دندانپزشک درخصوص ارجاع کودکان و زنان باردار قبل از مداخله مشاهده نشد ولی بعد از مداخله، توافق معنی دار و قابل قبول بود.
نتیجه گیریآموزش مراقبین سلامت دهان و دندان، تاثیر معنی داری در ارجاع صحیح کودکان 6سال و مادران باردار داشت
کلید واژگان: مراقبین سلامت, سلامت دهان, آموزش, ارجاعBackgroundEducating oral healthcare providers can lead to oral health promotion in certain groups of the society. The aim of this study was to evaluate how educational intervention would affect the ability of oral healthcare providers in correctly referring target group patients.
Methods and Materials:
Through this quasi-experimental interventional study, a total of 100 oral health target group patients, including children under the age of 12 and pregnant women, were examined in terms of oral health. Patients were first examined by a dental student and then by an oral healthcare provider in different healthcare centers of Zahedan city. After the first examination, a two-hour theoretical and practical training course was conducted for healthcare providers. One week after training, new patients were examined using the same examination protocol. Finally, the rate of "correct referrals" and "incorrect referrals" by the healthcare providers were recorded before and after the educational intervention. Data were analyzed and compared by SPSS19 software.
ResultsThe frequency of correct referral of children after the intervention was significantly higher compared to before intervention (54% versus 74%). The frequency of correct referral of pregnant women also significantly increased following receiving education (44% versus 80%). Although there was no agreement between the oral healthcare providers and the dentists regarding the referral of target group patients prior to the intervention; however, the agreement rate after the intervention was statistically significant (0.120 versus 0.600).
ConclusionTraining oral healthcare providers had a significant effect on increasing their ability in appropriate referral of oral health target group patients.
Keywords: Health Care Providers, Oral Health, Education, Referral
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