جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "pregnant women" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"
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Background
Considering the challenging prehospital services given to pregnant women and the high sensitivity of this population, this qualitative study was conducted to find challenges and solutions to improve prehospital emergency services given to Iranian pregnant women in 2021.
MethodsThe present qualitative study was carried out using content analysis in Fars, Bandar Abbas, and Tehran provinces, Iran during winter 2020 and spring 2021. In this research, emergency physicians, obstetricians, gynecologists, health professionals in disasters, emergency medicine specialists, midwives, and pregnant women were interviewed. The data were collected using in-depth interviews with 18 specialists and policymakers. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis.
ResultsThe findings were divided into two groups of challenges and solutions. The challenges included five categories, namely "structural and systematic problems," "staff’s problems," "equipment's problems," "problems of pregnant women," and "traffic problems." These five categories included 19 subcategories. Moreover, the solutions consisted of five categories including "solutions for structure and system," "solutions for staff," "improvement of equipment," "reconstruction of roads," and "solutions for pregnant women's issues." The mentioned five categories consisted of 17 subcategories.
ConclusionSince many health infrastructures have remained undeveloped in developing and undeveloped countries, policymakers and prehospital emergency professionals must cooperate before the occurrence of emergencies in order to discover and solve defects, so that there will be fewer health challenges and problems while providing prehospital services for pregnant women. This will also reduce the number of deaths and injuries amongst pregnant women.
Keywords: Pregnant Women, Emergency Medical Services, Health, Infants, Qualitative Research -
مقدمه
با توجه به اهمیت نقش کلیدی مادران در خانواده و تاثیر بسزای آنها در سلامت خانواده و فرزندان و پیشگیری از مرگ و میر مادران باردار، مطالعه ای با هدف تعیین تحلیل مرگ و میر مادران در ده سال اخیر را در استان خراسان شمالی طراحی کردیم.
روش هااین مطالعه به صورت توصیفی- مقطعی می باشد که کلیه ی مرگ های مادران باردار خراسان شمالی از سال 1392 تا 1402 را مورد بررسی قرار داده است. در این مطالعه، پژوهشگر با مراجعه به مراکز بهداشتی و بیمارستان های آموزشی استان، پرونده ی بهداشتی و پرونده ی بیمارستانی تمام مادران فوت شده را مورد بررسی قرار داد و چک لیست علت مرگ تکمیل گردید. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها به روش توصیفی انجام شد.
یافته هایافته ها نشان داد در 10 سال اخیر در استان خراسان شمالی، 48 مورد مرگ مادر ثبت شده است. شاخص مرگ مادر در استان خراسان شمالی از سال 1392 تا سال 1395 سیر نزولی داشت. سپس از سال 1396 تا سال 1398 سیر صعودی داشت و با اپیدمی کووید در سال 1399 به حداکثر خود یعنی 64 در 100 هزار تولد زنده رسید و بعد از آن تا سال 1402 روند کاهشی داشت. بیشترین علت مرگ مادران، اختلالات افزایش فشارخون در بارداری و زایمان و پس از زایمان و در رتبه ی دوم خونریزی مامایی می باشد.
نتیجه گیریمرگ و میر مادران در استان خراسان شمالی با اپیدمی کووید افزایش یافت، بدون احتساب کووید، اختلالات فشارخون، بیشترین علت مرگ مادران در استان خراسان شمالی بود. با توجه به میزان بالای فشارخون بارداری در استان خراسان شمالی مدیریت بهتر فشارخون و پره اکلامپسی در بارداری می تواند در کاهش میزان مرگ و میر مادران کمک کننده باشد.
کلید واژگان: مرگ و میر, زنان باردار, مرگ مادر, خراسان شمالیBackgroundConsidering the importance of the key role of mothers in the family and their significant impact on the health of the family and children and the prevention of maternal mortality, we designed a study to determine the analysis of maternal mortality in the last ten years in North Khorasan province.
MethodsThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study that examined all the deaths of pregnant mothers in North Khorasan from 2013 to 2023. In this study, the researcher referred to the health centers and teaching hospitals of the province, examined the health records and hospital records of all deceased mothers, and the cause of death checklist was completed. Data analysis was done in descriptive analysis.
FindingsThe findings showed that in the last 10 years, 48 cases of maternal death have been recorded in North Khorasan province. The maternal death index in North Khorasan province had a downward trend from 2012 to 2015, then an upward trend from 2016 to 2018, and with the COVID epidemic in 2019, it reached its maximum, i.e., 64 per hundred thousand live births. After that, it had a decreasing trend until 2023. The most common cause of maternal death is blood pressure disorders during pregnancy, delivery, and after delivery and in second place is obstetric bleeding.
ConclusionMaternal mortality increased in North Khorasan province with the COVID epidemic, excluding COVID-19 blood pressure disorders was the most common cause of maternal death in North Khorasan province. Considering the high level of pregnancy blood pressure in North Khorasan province, better management of blood pressure and pre-eclampsia in pregnancy can help in reducing maternal mortality.
Keywords: Mortality, Pregnant Women, Maternal Mortality, North Khorasan -
Background and Objectives
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is the most common cause of congenital infection during pregnancy. It is a major concern worldwide with a wide range of clinical outcomes in fetuses and newborns due to HCMV reactivation or reinfection during pregnancy. Primary maternal infection is best diagnosed by examining IgM and IgG antibodies. The current study aimed epidemiology survey of congenital HCMV infection in pregnant women in Diwaniyah.
Materials and Methods600 blood samples were collected from pregnant women, between 18-45 years old, in Diwaniyah Governorate for 12 months, from January to December 2022, in regards to their place of residence (urban or rural). All samples were monitored for both IgG and IgM antibodies against HCMV using rapid test and ELISA.
ResultsOur findings showed a high positive rate for IgG (95.7%) and (96.2%) and a positive rate for IgM (1.5%) and (1.8%) for rapid test and ELISA, respectively. The highest IgG positive rate was in the age group 26-35 years (43.33%), while the lowest rate (13.0%) was in the age group 36-45 years. The HCMV infection rate in rural and urban areas were (96.48%) and (95.26%), respectively, with no significant differences (P value>0.05). Also, the rate of miscarriages among pregnant women infected with HCMV was 28.83%, and the highest infection rate (30.51%) was recorded in the age group 26-35 years.
ConclusionThe prevalence of HCMV infection and its related miscarriage among the studied population is relatively high with the highest rate in the age group of 26-35 years.
Keywords: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Pregnant Women, Seroepidemiology -
Background
The current and alarming situation of the COVID-19 pandemic may cause anxiety in pregnant women.
ObjectivesGiven the importance of both physical and mental health for expectant women, this study investigated COVID-19 anxiety among pregnant women referred to Asalian Hospital in Khorramabad during 2021 - 2022.
MethodsThis descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women referred to Asalian Hospital in Khorramabad. A total of 253 pregnant women were included in the study based on the study criteria and the available sampling method. The Corona Virus Anxiety Scale was used to collect data through a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t -tests were employed to examine the data, with the significance level set at 0.05.
ResultsThe mean age of expectant women was 27.7 ± 3.56 years. The average anxiety score among the pregnant women was 4.39 ± 3.99, with physical and mental dimension scores of 1.67 ± 1.89 and 2.71 ± 2.15, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the average anxiety scores related to COVID-19 based on education, place of residence, and the number of pregnancies (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsThe present study found that pregnant women experienced a low level of anxiety in response to COVID-19. The average score for the psychological aspect of COVID-19-related anxiety among these women was greater than that for the physical aspect. Therefore, by increasing public awareness about COVID-19 and providing positive psychological programs in the media aimed at managing stress, anxiety in pregnant women can be effectively reduced.
Keywords: COVID-19, Anxiety, Pregnant Women, Pregnancy, Corona -
BackgroundPreterm birth (PTB) is a significant global health issue, with the majority of preterm births occurring in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), including Iran. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PTB and its associated factors in urban areas of Iran.MethodsOver one year, this case-control study included 387 pregnant women (129 cases and 258 controls) in Sardashat, Iran. Data were extracted from medical records. Gestational age was estimated through ultrasound in the first trimester. Statistical analyses were performed using logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of PTB was 7.43%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between PTB and the following factors: education levels, antenatal care (ANC) visits [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=7.91 (95% CI: 2.43–25.71)], premature rupture of membranes (PROM) [AOR=5.25 (95% CI: 2.01–13.74)], gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) [AOR=5.27 (95% CI: 1.49–18.58)], and preeclampsia [AOR=9.47 (95% CI: 3.02–29.73)].ConclusionIdentifying pregnant women at risk of preterm birth is crucial, and treatments are available to reduce the risk. Our research suggests that factors such as education level, ANC visits, PROM, GDM, and preeclampsia predispose pregnant women to preterm birth.Keywords: Infants, Iran, Pregnant Women, Prematurity
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Background
Self-care education for overweight and obese pregnant women with diabetes can empower them to make informed decisions during pregnancy.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the effect of WhatsApp-delivered self-care education on self-care behaviors and lifestyle in this population.
MethodsThis randomized controlled trial involved eighty pregnant women with diabetes in Ahvaz, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: One receiving face-to-face education and the other receiving a combination of face-to-face and WhatsApp-delivered online education. Blood glucose levels [fasting blood sugar (FBS), 2-hour postprandial (2HPP)], oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results, lifestyle scores, and self-care scores were measured before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS.
ResultsPost-intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly lower one-hour (119.32 ± 16.54 vs. 163.55 ± 27.07, P=0.007) and two-hour (106.25 ± 15.65 vs. 147.77 ± 24.73, P = 0.028) postprandial blood glucose levels compared to the control group. Furthermore, lifestyle scores improved significantly in the intervention group (154.27 ± 23.24 vs. 42.65 ± 17.58), and self-care scores were markedly higher (141.85 ± 26.64 vs. 56.02 ± 11.63), both showing strong statistical significance (P < 0.001).
ConclusionsWhatsApp-based self-care education is an effective intervention for reducing blood glucose levels and enhancing lifestyle and self-care behaviors in pregnant women with diabetes.
Keywords: Self-Care, Lifestyle, Overweight, Obesity, Pregnant Women, Gestational Diabetes, Telehealth, Whatsapp, Health Education -
زمینه و هدف
آنمی فقر آهن از شایع ترین مشکلات دوران بارداری است که موجب زایمان زودرس، تولد نوزاد کم وزن، افزایش مرگ ومیر جنین و افزایش خونریزی بعد از زایمان می گردد. لذا، پژوهش حاضر به منظور تعیین شیوع کم خونی فقر آهن و عوامل موثر با آن در زنان باردار مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی شهر فنوج، انجام شد.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه توصیفی-تحلیلی، 217 زن باردار به روش نمونه گیری طبقه ای انتخاب شدند. میزان هموگلوبین با مراجعه به پرونده ی خانوار مادر باردار و با استفاده از چک لیست شامل اطلاعات دموگرافیک(8سوال)، مشخصات باروری(22 سوال) و آزمایشگاهی(2سوال) جمع آوری گردید. داده ها با استفاده ازSPSS (نسخه 22) و آزمون کای دو و اسپیرمن تجزیه و تحلیل گردید.
یافته هاشیوع کم خونی سه ماهه اول بارداری، 8/19درصد و سه ماهه دوم، 3/32 درصد بود. بین آنمی با تحصیلات، درآمد خانواده، نمایه توده بدنی، وزن پیش از بارداری، زمان تشکیل پرونده بارداری، تعداد بارداری، تعداد زایمان، نوع زایمان قبلی، فاصله بین بارداری ها، سابقه عفونت ادراری در گروه مبتلا به کم خونی و بدون کم خونی تفاوت معنی داری وجود داشت. بین سن مادر، شغل مادر، محل سکونت، مراقبت پیش از بارداری، تعداد دفعات مراقبت های پره ناتال، رابطه معنی دار آماری وجود نداشت.
نتیجه گیریطبق نتایج مطالعه، برخی عوامل با آنمی مرتبط بوده و می توانند آن را پیش بینی کنند. شناسایی زنان در معرض خطر، آموزش آنان توسط پرسنل بهداشتی و اطمینان از مراقبت کافی و به موقع از آن ها مهم است.
کلید واژگان: آنمی فقرآهن, زنان باردارScientific Journal of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedical Faculty, Volume:10 Issue: 2, 2024, PP 187 -197Background & AimsIron deficiency anemia is one of the most common problems during pregnancy that causes premature birth, low birth weight, increased fetal mortality, and increased postpartum hemorrhage. The present study was conducted on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and the factors affecting it in pregnant women referring to the health centers of Fanuj city.
Materials & MethodsIn this descriptive-analytical study, 217 pregnant women were selected by stratified sampling method. The amount of hemoglobin was collected by referring to the family file of the pregnant mother and using a checklist including demographic information (8 questions), fertility characteristics (22 questions) and laboratory information (2 questions). Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 22) and Chi-square and Spearman tests.
ResultsThe prevalence of anemia in the first trimester of pregnancy was 19.8% and in the second trimester, 32.3%. There was a significant difference in the group with and without anemia with education level, family income, body mass index, and pre-pregnancy weight, time of registration of pregnancy, number of pregnancies, number of births, type of previous birth, pregnancy interval, history of urinary infection. There was no significant relationship between mother's age, mother's job, place of residence, prenatal care, number of prenatal cares.
ConclusionAccording to the results of the study, there are factors affecting to anemia that can predict it. Therefore, it is important to identify high-risk pregnant women, train them by health personnel and ensure adequate and timely care for them.
Keywords: Iron Deficiency Anemia, Pregnant Women -
Objective
This study aimed to examine the effect of physical activity at varying intensities on anxiety, blood pressure, and blood glucose levels in primiparous women aged 20-30 years.
Materials and MethodsThe study population comprised 200 primiparous pregnant women. Data were collected using the Spielberger Anxiety Questionnaire and a physical activity questionnaire. Pearson's correlation test was employed to analyze the relationships between physical activity, blood pressure, blood glucose, and anxiety levels. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to evaluate the effects of different physical activity intensities on these variables, with statistical significance set at P< 0.05.
ResultsThe Pearson correlation test revealed a significant inverse relationship between physical activity and blood glucose (P= 0.011, r= -0.55) as well as between physical activity and blood pressure (P= 0.003, r= -0.62) in primiparous women. Similarly, an inverse and significant relationship was observed between physical activity and anxiety levels (P= 0.021, r= -0.47 for state anxiety; P= 0.001, r= -0.78 for trait anxiety). The ANCOVA results demonstrated significant differences in blood pressure and blood glucose levels among pregnant women across three levels of physical activity intensity (P= 0.001 for both).
ConclusionThe findings suggest that increased physical activity is associated with reductions in blood glucose levels, blood pressure, and anxiety in pregnant women. These results highlight the potential benefits of regular physical activity for managing these health indicators during pregnancy.
Keywords: Physical Activity, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Blood Glucose, Pregnant Women -
پیش زمینه و هدف
محدودیت رشد داخل رحمی (IUGR) مرگ ومیر پری ناتال را می تواند 10 تا 25 درصد افزایش دهد. شواهد علمی نشان داده اند که ویژگی های بند ناف نشانگرهای حیاتی برای ارزیابی عوارض داخل رحمی است. مطالعه حاضر باهدف بررسی ارتباط سطح مقطع بند ناف و محدودیت رشد داخل رحمی در خانم های باردار انجام شد.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه مقطعی-تحلیلی، 134 زن باردار به صورت نمونه گیری در دسترس وارد مطالعه شدند. بیماران تحت سونوگرافی ترانس آبدومینال با استفاده از دستگاه سونوگرافی Samsung W80 و با استفاده از پروب MHz 5/3 قرار گرفتند. قطر و سطح مقطع بند ناف در دو نقطه (محل اتصال بند ناف به شکم و free loop) در سه ماهه سوم بارداری اندازه گیری شد. نتایج سونوگرافی های بیومتریک جنین شامل BPD، FL، HC و AC نیز ثبت شد. IUGR به صورت وزن تخمین زده شده توسط سونوگرافی کمتر از صدک 10 برای سن بارداری تعریف شد.
یافته ها19 نوزاد (2/14درصد) دارای IUGR بودند. تمام شاخص های بیومتریک در گروه با IUGR به طور معنی داری کمتر از گروه بدون IUGR بودند (001/0>p). قطر بند ناف در گروه با IUGR (26/1± 52/11) به طور معنی داری کمتر از گروه بدون IUGR (45/1 ± 82/14) بود (001/0>p). سطح مقطع بند ناف نیز در دو گروه با و بدون IUGR به ترتیب، 2/17 ± 11/125 و 41/31 ± 51/175 بود (001/0>p). همبستگی مستقیم و معنی داری بین هر دو شاخص قطر بند ناف و سطح مقطع بند ناف با تمام مشخصات جنین وجود داشت (001/0>p).
بحث و نتیجه گیرینتایج مطالعه نشان داد که نوزادان مبتلا به IUGR، شاخص های بیومتریک پایین تری داشتند و قطر و سطح مقطع بند ناف در این نوزادان به طور معنی داری کمتر است. این یافته ها می تواند نشان دهنده پتانسیل استفاده از اندازه گیری های بند ناف به عنوان ابزاری کمکی در تشخیص یا ارزیابی خطر IUGR باشد.
کلید واژگان: محدودیت رشد داخل رحمی, قطر بند ناف, سطح مقطع بند ناف, زنان باردارBackgrund & AimIntrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) can increase perinatal mortality by 10 to 25 percent. Scientific evidence has shown that umbilical cord characteristics are vital markers for assessing intrauterine complications. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between umbilical cord cross-sectional area and intrauterine growth restriction in pregnant women.
Materials & MethodsIn this cross-sectional analytical study, 134 pregnant women were selected through convenience sampling. Patients underwent transabdominal ultrasonography using a Samsung W80 ultrasound device with a 3.5 MHz probe. The diameter and cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord were measured at two points (the junction of the umbilical cord to the abdomen and the free loop) during the third trimester of pregnancy. The results of fetal biometric ultrasound, including BPD, FL, HC, and AC, were also recorded. IUGR was defined as an estimated weight by ultrasound below the 10th percentile for gestational age.
ResultsNineteen infants (14.2%) had IUGR. All biometric indices in the IUGR group were significantly lower than those in the non-IUGR group (p < 0.001). The umbilical cord diameter in the IUGR group (11.52 ± 1.26) was significantly lower than that in the non-IUGR group (14.82 ± 1.45) (p < 0.001). The umbilical cord cross-sectional area was also significantly lower in the IUGR group (125.11 ± 17.2) compared to the non-IUGR group (175.51 ± 31.41) (p < 0.001). There was a direct and significant correlation between both umbilical cord diameter and cross-sectional area with all fetal characteristics (p < 0.001).
ConclusionThe results of the study showed that infants with IUGR had lower biometric indices, and both the diameter and cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord were significantly smaller in these infants. These findings suggest the potential use of umbilical cord measurements as an auxiliary tool in the diagnosis or risk assessment of IUGR.
Keywords: Intrauterine Growth Restriction, Umbilical Cord Diameter, Umbilical Cord Cross-Sectional Area, Pregnant Women -
BackgroundA low quality of life during pregnancy and lactation can elevate the risk of psychological complications, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and developmental issues in children. Gaining insight into the factors that affect the quality of life for pregnant and lactating women is essential for healthcare providers to create effective interventions.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the quality of life among pregnant and lactating women and to identify the factors influencing it, including sociodemographic characteristics, obstetric factors, and levels of psychological distress.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted online between February and March 2022, employing a chain referral sampling method to gather participants. A total of 409 women from Java (Indonesia) participated, comprising 249 pregnant women and 160 lactating women. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale was employed to assess psychological distress, while the 36-item Short Form Health Survey measured quality of life. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression.ResultsThe mean quality of life scores did not show a significant difference between the two groups (pregnant: 67.64±13.78; lactating: 67.20±15.38; P=0.768), indicating a generally good quality of life for both. Multiple linear regression revealed that for pregnant women, significant factors affecting quality of life included occupation (P<0.05), depression (P<0.01), and anxiety (P<0.01). For lactating women, influential factors included ethnicity (P<0.05), duration of breastfeeding (P<0.05), as well as depression (P<0.01), anxiety (P<0.01), and stress (P<0.05).ConclusionBoth pregnant and lactating women reported a good quality of life; however, psychological distress, sociodemographic characteristics, and obstetric factors significantly influenced their overall well-being. It is crucial to address psychological distress through early screening and ongoing, comprehensive interventions.Keywords: Quality Of Life, Pregnant Women, Lactating Women, Sociodemographic Factors, Psychological Distress
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مقدمهحفظ تندرستی مادر و جنین در دوران بارداری، نیازمند آگاهی از مراقبت های بارداری است. هدف پژوهش بررسی نقش مهارت های جستجوی اخبار و اطلاعات آنلاین حوزه بارداری زنان باردار شهر کهنوج در ارتقای رفتار جستجوی اطلاعات سلامت آنها در طول دوره بارداری است.روش بررسیپژوهش حاضر از نوع تحقیقات نیمه تجربی (پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با گروه کنترل) است. جامعه آماری پژوهش زنان باردار شهر کهنوج است. نمونه پژوهش 48 نفر از زنان باردار این شهر بود که به صورت تصادفی در دسترس انتخاب و به دو گروه مداخله و کنترل تقسیم شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده ها پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بود. روایی پرسشنامه از سوی متخصصان تایید و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ آن برابر با 828/0 بود. داده ها به وسیله نرم افزار SPSS مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته هامیانگین امتیازات سواد سلامت مادران پس از مداخلات آموزشی در گروه کنترل افزایش کمی داشته است ولی در گروه مداخله افزایش بیشتر بوده است. همچنین مهارتهای جستجوی اطلاعات پس از مداخلات آموزشی در گروه کنترل افزایش بسیار کم ولی در گروه مداخله این افزایش بسیار زیاد بوده است. به عبارت دیگر آموزش مهارتهای جستجوی اطلاعات به مادران گروه مداخله بر افزایش و ارتقاء مهارتهای جستجوی اطلاعات سلامت آنان در حوزه بارداری موثر بوده است.نتیجه گیریآموزش مهارت های جستجوی اطلاعات بر افزایش میزان آگاهی زنان باردار جهت حفظ مراقبت از خود و جنین تاثیر مثبتی داشت به طوری که در نهایت منجر به ارتقاء جستجوی اطلاعات سلامت حوزه بارداری آنان در طول دوره بارداری شد.کلید واژگان: سواد سلامت, اطلاعات سلامت مصرف کننده, زنان باردارIntroductionMaintaining the health of mother and fetus during pregnancy requires knowledge of pregnancy care. This study endeavors to investigate the role of online news and information search skills in the area of pregnancy of pregnant women in Kohnouj in improving their health information search behavior during pregnancy.MethodsThis research is a semi-experimental type (pre-test-post-test with a control group). The statistical population of the research is pregnant women in the Kohnuj. The sample was 48 pregnant women who were randomly selected and divided into two intervention and control groups. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient was equal to 0.828.ResultsThe mean scores of mothers' health literacy increased slightly in the control group after educational interventions, but the increase was higher in the intervention group. Besides, information search skills after educational interventions in the control group increased little, but in the intervention group, this increase was high. In other words, teaching information search skills to mothers in the intervention group has been effective in increasing and improving their health information search skills in the field of pregnancy.ConclusionInformation search skills training had a positive effect on increasing the level of awareness of pregnant women to take care of themselves and the fetus. As such, it led to the improvement of their search for health information in the field of pregnancy during the pregnancy period.Keywords: Health Literacy, Consumer Health Information, Pregnant Women
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Journal of Research Development in Nursing and Midwifery, Volume:21 Issue: 2, Autumn-Winter 2024, PP 3 -5Background
Pregnancy and childbirth can be considered as an opportunity to expand thoughts or renew feeling on spiritual beliefs. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual health and childbirth experience among Iranian pregnant women.
MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 250 pregnant women referred to the Labor, Delivery and Recovery Room (LDR) of Amir al-Momenin Hospital in Zabol (Eastern Iran) for childbirth. Non-random convenience sampling method was used to collect the samples. Data collection tools included a personal characteristics questionnaire, childbirth experience questionnaire (CEQ), and spiritual health questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using statistical tests, such as Pearson correlation test, independent t-test, and One-Way ANOVA. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05.
ResultsThe results of present study showed that the mean age of pregnant women was 25.66 ± 5.73 years, with their mean score of birth experience being 64.97 ± 4.62 and their mean score of spiritual health being 88.89 ± 7.1. The results also showed a statistically significant relationship between birth experience and spiritual health (R =1, P=0.007).
ConclusionIn this study, as the score of spiritual well-being increased, the score of childbirth experience also increased. Thus, we suggest the findings of this study to be used as a basis for further research in other regions of the country and among a more diverse population of mothers with different backgrounds and cultures.
Keywords: Spiritual Health, Birth, Parturition, Pregnant Women -
سابقه و هدف
استرپتوکوکوس گروه B (Group B Streptococcus; GBS) یا استرپتوکوکوس آگالاکتیه یکی از مهم ترین علل بیماری های تهاجمی نظیر سپتی سمی و مننژیت در نوزادان بوده و توانایی ایجاد انواع بیماری در زنان باردار و بالغین با بیماری زمینه ای را دارد. این باکتری در واژن و رکتوم 10درصد الی 30 درصد از خانم های باردار کلونیزه می شود. کلونیزاسیون خانم های باردار با GBS خطر زایمان زودرس و انتقال باکتری در هنگان زایمان به نوزاد را افزایش می دهد. پنی سیلین به عنوان آنتی بیوتیک خط اول جهت درمان عفونت های ناشی از GBS تجویز می شود، درحالی که ماکرولیدها (اریترومایسین)، لینکوزامیدها (کلیندامایسین) و استرپتوگرامین های گروه B به عنوان داروهای جایگزین توصیه شده اند. شیوع مقاومت به آنتی بیوتیک ها در این باکتری در حال افزایش بوده و ممکن است باعث بروز مشکلات در درمان شود. بنابراین، هدف از این مطالعه بررسی فراوانی مقاومت به اریترومایسین و کلیندامایسین و ژن های کد کننده مقاومت به این آنتی بیوتیک ها در سویه های GBS جدا شده از نمونه های واژن و رکتوم خانم های باردار در ایران می باشد.
مواد و روش هامطالعه حاضر یک متاآنالیز می باشد که به بررسی مطالعات انجام شده در زمینه مقاومت به آنتی بیوتیک های اریترومایسین و کلیندامایسین در سویه های GBS جداشده از خانم های باردار می پردازد. در ابتدا جمع آوری اطلاعات با جستجو در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Scopus، Web of Science، SID (Scientific Information Database) و Google Scholar با استفاده از کلید واژه های استرپتوکوکوس آگالاکتیه، استرپتوکوکوس گروه B (Group B Streptococcus: GBS)، مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی، اریترومایسین، کلیندامایسین، MLSB (macrolide، lincosamide و group B streptogramins) صورت گرفت. سپس، از میان مقالات جمع آوری شده معیارهایی همچون: داشتن حجم کافی، کنترل مخدوش گرها، در برگرفتن آنتی بیوتیک های مدنظر و دسترسی به متن کامل مطالعه تعیین شد. داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار Comprehensive MetaAnalysis (Biostat V2.2) بررسی شدند. ناهمگنی بین مطالعات با شاخص I2 بررسی و براساس نتایج ناهمگنی از مدل اثر تصادفی جهت تعیین شیوع مقاومت استفاده شد.
یافته هادر جستجوی اولیه پایگاه های اطلاعاتی، 242 مطالعه یافت شد. سپس، 41 مطالعه به دلیل تکراری بودن در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی از مطالعه خارج شدند و 201 مطالعه مرتبط با موضوع واجد شرایط جهت متاآنالیز بودند. در نهایت، 158 مطالعه به دلیل مرتبط نبودن با موضوع پژوهش، پس از ارزیابی عناوین و خلاصه مقالات، از مطالعه خارج شدند. در پایان، 16 مطالعه جهت تحلیل و آنالیز وارد این مطالعه شدند. در این متاآنالیز، شیوع مقاومتبه اریترومایسین و کلیندامایسین، فنوتیپ های مقاومت و ژن های کد کننده مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی در جدایه های GBS زنان باردار مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. تمامی مطالعات از نوع مطالعات مقطعی بودند. طبق محاسبات، میزان مقاومت به اریترومایسین و کلیندامایسین به ترتیب در (43/9-16CI95%:) 27/9 درصد و (43/5-17CI95%:) 28/4 درصد بود. فنوتیپ مقاومت پیوسته و القایی به ترتیب در (40/4-6/2CI95%:) 17/5 درصد و(23/2-4/7CI95%:) 10/9 درصد و فنوتیپ M و L به ترتیب در (16- 3/9CI95%:)8/1 درصد و (8/4-2/7CI95%:) 4/8 درصد از جدایه ها مشاهده شد. میزان شیوع ژن های کدکننده مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی ermTR (41/4-27/4CI95%:) 34درصد، ermB(77/1-3CI95%:) 24/5درصد و mefA (11/4-3/9CI95%:) 6/7 درصد بود.
استنتاجاین مطالعه نشان داد که میزان مقاومت به اریترومایسین و کلیندامایسین در جدایه های GBS در ایران رو به افزایش است. بنابراین تست حساسیت آنتی بیوتیکی (آنتی بیوگرام) قبل از تجویز این آنتی بیوتیک ها، به منظور جلوگیری از ظهور سویه های مقاوم باید انجام شود.
کلید واژگان: استرپتوکوکوس آگالاکتیه, اریترومایسین, کلیندامایسین, مقاومت آنتی بیوتیکی, زنان باردارBackground and purposeGroup B Streptococcus (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae, is a major cause of invasive diseases such as meningitis and septicemia in newborns, as well as various diseases in pregnant women and non-pregnant adults with underlying conditions. This bacterium colonizes the vagina and rectum in 10% to 30% of pregnant women. GBS colonization in pregnant women increases the risk of preterm delivery and transmission of the bacteria to the baby during childbirth. Penicillin is the first-line antibiotic for treating GBS infections, while macrolides (e.g., erythromycin), lincosamides (e.g., clindamycin), and streptogramins have been recommended as alternative treatments. However, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance is rising and could lead to significant clinical challenges. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin, as well as the associated resistance genes, in GBS strains isolated from pregnant women in Iran.
Materials and methodsThis meta-analysis examines studies focused on resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin in GBS strains isolated from pregnant women. A comprehensive search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SID (Scientific Information Database), and Google Scholar, using keywords such as Streptococcus agalactiae, Group B Streptococcus, antibiotic resistance, erythromycin, clindamycin, MLSB (macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B) resistance, and related terms. Inclusion criteria included sufficient sample size, control of confounding factors, inclusion of the relevant antibiotics, and availability of full-text articles. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Biostat V2.2). Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I2 index, and a random-effects model was applied due to heterogeneity in the results.
ResultsThe initial database search identified 241 studies. After removing 41 duplicates, 201 studies were considered for meta-analysis. After reviewing the titles and abstracts, 158 studies were excluded for not meeting the research criteria, leaving 16 studies for final analysis. This meta-analysis investigated the prevalence of resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin, resistance phenotypes, and the genes encoding antibiotic resistance in GBS isolates from pregnant women. All studies included were cross-sectional. The pooled resistance rates for erythromycin and clindamycin were 27.9% (CI95%: 16-43.9) and 28.4% (CI95%: 17-43.5), respectively. Continuous and inducible resistance phenotypes were observed in 17.5% (CI95%: 6.2-40.4) and 10.9% (CI95%: 4.7-23.2) of the isolates. The M and L phenotypes were found in 8.1% (CI95%: 3.9-16) and 4.8% (CI95%: 2.7-8.4) of the isolates, respectively. The prevalence of resistance genes, including ermTR, ermB, and mefA, was 34% (CI95%: 27.4-41.4), 24.5% (CI95%: 3-77.1), and 6.7% (CI95%: 3.9-11.4), respectively.
ConclusionThe study shows an increasing trend of erythromycin and clindamycin resistance in GBS isolates from pregnant women in Iran. Therefore, antibiotic susceptibility testing should be performed before prescribing these antibiotics to prevent the development and spread of resistant strains.
Keywords: Streptococcus Agalactiae, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, Antibiotic Resistance, Pregnant Women -
International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, Volume:12 Issue: 4, Oct 2024, PP 278 -288BackgroundThe information needs of low-income pregnant women are multisectoral, encompassing both pregnancy-related and non-pregnancy-related information. Barriers to receiving information for low-income pregnant women are specific and complex. This study aimed to explore the experiences of low-income Indonesian pregnant women regarding the challenges of receiving health information.MethodsA qualitative study was conducted using content analysis according to Graneheim and Lundman’s approach between January and June 2022. A total of 17 women were selected for this study using purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were done following semi-structured interview guidelines, concluding when saturation was reached. Nvivo software version March 2020 was used for organizing data and analysis.ResultsThree themes emerged concerning receiving health information among low-income women, including encountering barriers to accessing information and care, access to ineffective information sources, and difficulties in applying pregnancy health information.ConclusionThis study shows that barriers to receiving information are specific to low-income pregnant women. Therefore, solution approaches must also be specific. Efforts to improve receiving health information can be achieved through developing educational materials that are easy to access and understand, improving e-health literacy, refining counseling skills among village midwives, holding culturally tailored educational programs, improving mothers’ health literacy by family and husbands, integrating counseling with a focus on critical literacy, and formulating policies to alleviate the midwife’s workload.Keywords: Counselling, Health Information, Lower Middle Income Country, Midwifery, Pregnant Women
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زمینه و هدف
سواد سلامت دخانیات به صورت ظرفیت افراد برای درک و استفاده از اطلاعات بهداشتی مرتبط با مصرف سیگار تعریف میشود. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین اثربخشی آموزش عوارض دود سیگار بر سواد سلامت مرتبط با دخانیات در زنان باردار سال 1402 انجام گرفت.
روش کارمطالعه حاضر به روش شبه تجربی از نوع پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه مداخله و کنترل بود. حجم نمونه 80 نفر از زنان باردار مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهرکرد بودند. نمونه گیری تصادفی صورت گرفت و سپس بر اساس قرعه کشی در دو گروه مداخله و کنترل تقسیم شدند. داده ها با استفاده از پرسشنامه سواد سلامت مرتبط با دخانیات در هر دو گروه در پیش آزمون و یک ماه بعد در مرحله پس از آزمون جمع آوری شده و با استفاده از SPSS-20 و آزمون های تی زوجی و مستقل تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
یافته هانتایج آزمون تی زوجی نشان داد که میانگین نمره سواد سلامت مرتبط با دخانیات در گروه مداخله بعد از آموزش افزایش یافته است (000/0=p)، آزمون تی مستقل نشان داد که میانگین نمره سواد سلامت مرتبط با دخانیات بعد از آموزش در گروه مداخله بیشتر از گروه کنترل است (001/0<p).
نتیجه گیرینتایج نشان داد مداخلات آموزشی در ارتقای سواد سلامت مرتبط با دخانیات زنان باردار و بهبود وضعیت کاهش مواجهه با دخانیات در دوران بارداری موثر بود. نتایج پژوهش حاضر می تواند برای طراحی مداخلات و برنامه های آموزشی متناسب با نیاز زنان باردار مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلید واژگان: سواد سلامت, دخانیات, زنان باردار, آموزشJournal of Health, Volume:15 Issue: 3, 2024, PP 293 -303Background & objectivesTobacco health literacy refers to the ability of individuals to understand and use health information related to tobacco. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of education on improving health literacy about the effects of cigarette smoke among pregnant women in 2023.
MethodsThis quasi-experimental study utilized a pre-test and post-test design with intervention and control groups. The sample comprised 80 pregnant women visiting health centers in Shahrekord, selected through random sampling and divided randomly into intervention and control groups. Data were collected using a tobacco health literacy questionnaire in both pre-test and post-test phases (one month later) and analyzed with SPSS 20 software using paired and independent t-tests.
ResultsThe paired t-test results indicated a significant increase in the average health literacy scores related to tobacco in the intervention group after training (p=0.000). The independent t-test showed that the post-education average health literacy score in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p<0.001).
ConclusionThe findings demonstrate that educational interventions effectively enhance tobacco health literacy among pregnant women, contributing to reduced smoking exposure during pregnancy. These results can inform the design of targeted interventions and educational programs addressing the needs of pregnant women.
Keywords: Health Literacy, Tobacco, Pregnant Women, Education -
International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery, Volume:12 Issue: 4, Oct 2024, PP 243 -253BackgroundLabour pain experienced by women during childbirth can significantly affect the mother’s psychological condition and birthing process. This study aimed to determine the effect of shiatsu massage on pain and anxiety during labour.MethodThis randomized controlled trial was conducted on 80 nulliparous pregnant women who gave birth in four low-risk maternity clinics in Samarinda, Indonesia, from February to May 2022. The women were randomized into intervention (N=40) and control (N=40) groups based on random allocation. Certified midwives performed shiatsu massages following standard protocols. Pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale, and anxiety was assessed using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Score at three times including before the intervention (T0), the latent phase (T1), and at transition phase (T2). The impact of the intervention was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance by SPSS 26. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe intervention group showed a significant reduction in labour pain scores from 6.85±1.00 (T0) to 6.13±0.88 (T1) and 4.78±0.83 (T2) (P<0.001), while the control group showed an increase from 6.85±1.00 (T0) to 8.05±0.64 (T1) and 8.85±0.48 (T2) (P<0.001). Anxiety scores in the intervention group decreased from 28.53±4.41 (T0) to 26.15±3.59 (T1) and 20.65±2.69 (T2) (P<0.001), whereas the control group experienced an increase from 25.55±3.16 (T0) to 27.05±3.36 (T1) and 31.73±3.27 (T2) (P<0.001). The between-subject effects in time levels for labour pain and anxiety in the two study groups had a significant impact (P<0.001).ConclusionFindings showed that shiatsu massage was effective and safe for relieving pain and reducing anxiety during childbirth of nulliparous women. This research suggests that shiatsu massage can be used as an effective alternative method to relieve pain and anxiety during labour in low risk pregnancies, particularly in settings with limited access to pharmaceutical analgesics.Trial Registration Number: IRCT20220317054316N1.Keywords: Anxiety, Labour Pain, Pregnant Women, Shiatsu Massage
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Introduction
Pregnancy-related concerns may adversely affect obstetric outcomes. It is crucial to manage these concerns to ensure the well-being of the mother and the fetus.
ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the pregnancy-related concerns between pregnant mothers with and without participation in antenatal education classes (AEC).
Materials and MethodsThis comparative-analytical study was conducted on 160 pregnant mothers selected by a consecutive sampling method, in two groups of intervention (n=80; participated in the AECs held in a clinic belonged the Iranian Social Welfare Organization) and control (n=80; not participating in the AEC, referred to a governmental teaching hospital in Rasht, Iran). The data were collected from August 2020 to May 2021 during the 20th and 37th weeks of gestation using the prenatal distress questionnaire (PDQ), Zimet’s multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and Spielberger’s trait anxiety inventory. The statistical analyses were done using Mann-Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, multivariate analysis of covariance, analysis of covariance, and multiple general linear regression analysis. The significance level was set at 0.05.
ResultsThe mean age of the pregnant women was 29.63±3.86 and 28.56±4.84 years in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Most of them (86.88%) had experienced two pregnancies. The mean score of perceived social support was 47.99±5.72 in the intervention group and 46.50±6.08 in the control group. The mean score of trait anxiety score was 31.17±8.32 in the intervention group and 31.62±8.85 in the control group. Compared to the control group, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in concerns about birth and the baby (P=0.018, η2=0.036), weight/body image (P=0.001, η2=0.147), and emotions and relationships (P=0.001, η2=0.095) in the 37th week of gestation following the end of the course. Participation in the educational course (β=-3.88, 95% CI; -5.075%,-2.685%, P=0.042) and the number of pregnancies (β=-1.44, 95% CI; -2.479%, -0.411%, P=0.006) were significant predictors of pregnancy-related concerns in the 37th week of gestation.
ConclusionThe pregnant mothers participating in the AECs experience fewer pregnancy-related concerns compared to those without participation in the AECs. Hence, such training courses seem worthwhile to handle the expecting mothers’ psychological worries about the dimensions of pregnancy-related concerns.
Keywords: Pregnant Women, Prenatal Distress, Antenatal Education -
مقدمه
مادران باردار مبتلا به HTLV-1 اغلب بدون علامت هستند. انتقال از مادر به کودک عمدتا از طریق شیردهی رخ می دهد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناخت دقیق HTLV-1 در زنان باردار و پیامدهای مادری و نوزادی آن انجام شد.
روش کاردر این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک، 126 مقاله انگلیسی با موضوع عفونت HTLV-1 در زنان باردار و نوزادان تا ماه مارس سال 2024، از طریق پایگاه های اطلاعاتی علمیSID ،Magiran ،PubMed ،Scopus ،Google Scholar و web of science با استفاده از کلمات کلیدی جستجو شدند. در نهایت 10 مقاله بر اساس معیارهای ورود شامل: مقالات با گزارش، تشخیص و درمان عفونت HTLV-1 در زنان باردار و مقالات با گزارش اثرات HTLV-1 بر روی جنین و نوزادان، تشخیص و درمان عفونت HTLV-1 در نوزادان انتخاب شد.
یافته هادر بررسی انجام شده، اکثر زنان مبتلا به HTLV-1 در بارداری بدون علامت بودند. با وجود گزارش های موردی سقط، زایمان زودرس، محدودیت رشد داخل رحمی، مرده زایی، مرگ نوزاد ثانویه به پنومونی و هیدروسفالی مادرزادی، در مطالعات مقایسه ای بزرگ تفاوت معناداری در بروز پیامدهای نامطلوب بین دو گروه زنان سالم و مبتلا وجود نداشت (05/0p›). به نظر می رسد بقای مادر بعد از زایمان به شدت تحت تاثیر بیماری های ناشی از HTLV-1 به ویژه لوسمی سلول T بالغ (ATL) می باشد. میزان بالای مرگ و میر بالای مادران باردار مبتلا به ATL بعد از زایمان گزارش شده است.
نتیجه گیریبا توجه به میزان بالای مرگ و میر بالای مادران باردار مبتلا به ATL بعد از زایمان، پایش دقیق سلامت زنان مبتلا به ATL منطقی به نظر می رسد. تدوین پروتکل جهت کاهش انتقال عمودی عفونت در مناطق اندمیک توصیه می شود.
کلید واژگان: پیامد بارداری, زنان باردار, نوزاد, HTLV-1IntroductionPregnant women with HTLV-1 are mostly asymptomatic. Mother-to-child transmission mainly occur through breastfeeding. The present study was carried out with aim to identify HTLV-1 in pregnant women and its adverse maternal and neonatal outcome.
MethodsIn this systematic review, 126 English articles on the topic of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women and newborns were searched through SID, Magiran, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and web of science databases using keywords until March 2024. Finally, 10 articles based on the inclusion criteria including: articles with reporting, diagnosis and treatment of HTLV-1 infection in pregnant women and articles reporting the effects of HTLV-1 on fetuses and infants, diagnosis and treatment of HTLV-1 infection in infants were selected.
ResultsIn the review, most of the pregnant women infected with HTLV-1 were asymptomatic. Despite the case reports of abortion, premature birth, intrauterine growth restriction, stillbirth, infant death secondary to pneumonia and congenital hydrocephalus, in large comparative studies, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse outcomes between the two groups of healthy and affected women (P>0.05). It seems that mother's survival after delivery is strongly affected by diseases caused by HTLV-1, especially Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL). A high mortality rate among pregnant mothers with ATL after delivery has been reported.
ConclusionConsidering the high mortality rate of pregnant mothers with ATL after delivery, careful monitoring of the health of women with ATL seems reasonable. It is recommended to develop a protocol to reduce the vertical transmission of infection in endemic areas.
Keywords: HTLV-1, Newborn, Pregnancy Outcome, Pregnant Women -
BackgroundCOVID-19 that is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, is being classified as a pandemic and has influenced all aspects of human life. Although some groups, such as pregnant women, are at higher risk, the information on COVID-19 effects on pregnancy has remained limited yet.MethodsThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the fetal mortality rate (FMR). The delivery status of all asymptomatic pregnant women hospitalized in 5 hospitals located in Kerman city, Iran, were checked three months before and three months during this pandemic.ResultsAccording to the results, compared to the non-COVID-19, the COVID-19 period increased FMR with an odds ratio of 1.40 (95% CI: 1.14-1.72), meaning that the coronavirus could increase the risk of fetal death by 40%.ConclusionThe evidence suggests that more careful and accurate screening approaches are needed for asymptomatic pregnant individuals to avoid risks to the fetus and mother.Keywords: Fetal Death, COVID-19, Coronavirus, Coronavirus Disease, Pandemic, Pregnant Women
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مقدمه
سواد سلامت، امروزه به عنوان یک شاخص تعیین کننده مهم سلامت و یک عامل سببی در اختلافات حیطه بهداشتی بین گروه های جمعیتی شناخته می شود. هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی رابطه بین سواد سلامت دهان و وضعیت سلامت دهان و دندان مادران باردار مراجعه کننده به کلینیک های دندانپزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز بود.
مواد و روش هاپژوهش حاضر، یک مطالعه مقطعی بر روی 250 نفر از زنان باردار 18 تا 36 ساله مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی تحت پوشش دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز بود. تمامی افراد از نظر سواد و عملکرد بهداشتی دهان و دندان به وسیله پرسشنامه استاندارد (Oral Health Literacy Adults Questionnaire) OHL-AQ مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند و به منظور آگاهی از وضعیت سلامت دهان، شاخص های (Decayed, Missing due to caries, and Filled Teeth)DMFT, (Oral Hygiene Index)OHI با روش معاینه، ارزیابی و در چک لیست ثبت گردید. برای آنالیز داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 22 استفاده شد.
یافته هاشرکت کنندگان 250 مادر باردار با میانگین سنی 63/4± 26/ 27 سال بودند. از نظر تحصیلات و وضعیت شغلی، گروه دارای فوق دیپلم ولیسانس با 8/46 درصد و مادران شاغل با 6/63 درصد بیشترین مشارکت را داشتند. میانگین نمره سواد سلامت در حد متوسط و میانگین نمره عملکرد بهداشتی، درحد متوسط ارزیابی شد. میانگین نمره شاخص DMFT، و میانگین نمره شاخص OHI نیز، بدست آمد. بین سواد سلامت و عملکرد بهداشتی با وضعیت سلامت دهان و دندان افراد رابطه معنی دار و معکوسی بدست آمد (P<0/001). نتایج رگرسیون نشان داد که داشتن تحصیلات به طور کلی به معنای سلامت دهان و دندان بهتر بود. دانشجویان و افراد شاغل نمرات مشابهی با زنان خانه دار داشتند اما از سلامت دندان ها بهتری برخورداربودند. به نظر می رسد آموزش عالی با نمرات کمتر جرم مرتبط بود.
نتیجه گیریبا بررسی ارتباط سواد سلامت و عملکرد بهداشتی با وضعیت سلامت دهان و دندان، بنظر می رسید که با افزایش میزان سواد سلامت و افزایش عملکرد بهداشتی ، شاخص های سلامت دهان و دندان کاهش می یافت و وضعیت بهداشت دهان و دندان افراد مناسب تر می شد.
کلید واژگان: سواد سلامت دهان, رفتار بهداشتی دهان و دندان, زنان باردارBackgroundHealth literacy is known as an important determinant of health and a causal factor in health differences between population groups. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral health literacy and oral health status of pregnant women referring to dental clinics of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
Methods and Materials:
The current research was a cross-sectional study on 250 pregnant women aged 18 to 36 years who referred to health care centers covered by Shiraz University of medical sciences. All participants were evaluated in terms of literacy and oral health performance using OHL-AQ standard questionnaire, and oral health status were evaluated by DMFT and OHI indices. SPSS version 22 software was used for data analysis.
ResultsThe participants were 250 pregnant mothers with an average age of 27.26 ± 4.63. In terms of education and job status, the group with a bachelor's degree with 46.8% and working mothers with 63.6% participated the most. The score of health literacy was 11/47±3/68 (moderate) and the score of health performance was 22/17±3 (moderate). The score of the DMFT index was 8/7±4/8 and the score of the OHI index was 1/17±0/64. A significant and inverse relationship was found between health literacy and health performance with oral and dental health status (P<0.001). The analysis of the regression outcomes indicated that the possession of educational qualifications was typically correlated with enhanced oral health status. The comparative evaluation revealed that both students and employed individuals exhibit oral health metrics akin to those of homemakers, yet they demonstrated superior dental hygiene. Furthermore, a higher level of educational attainment seemed to be inversely related to the prevalence of criminal activities.
ConclusionIt seemed that with the increase in health literacy and health performance, oral and dental health indices decrease and the oral health status of pregnant women would be more appropriate.
Keywords: Oral Health Literacy, Oral Health Behavior, Pregnant Women
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