جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Choline » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The aim of this study was to find the difference between the liver function test (LFT) and hepatorenal index (HRI), before and after the administration of Prunus mume (PM) and choline i.e., to find the predictors of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) severity according its HRI, during the three-month follow-up period.

LFT, glucose, and lipid tests were determined in 168 NAFLD patients, at baseline and after three-month drug treatment. HRI was calculated by Image J software analyzing the ultrasound images, and according its value, 3 groups of NAFLD were formed.

The HRI at baseline (1.3598±0.1744) and after 3 months therapy (1.3061±0.1923) differs significantly (p<0.0001). Plasma glucose (FPG) (p<0.0001), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (P=0.002), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p<0.0001), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P=0.0006), gamma-glutamil transferase (γ-GT) (P=0.0053), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Ch) (p<0.0001) and triglycerides (P=0.041) differ significantly, too. HRI is positively correlated with: HbA1c (P=0.035), ALT (P=0.002), AST (P=0.003), γ-GT (P=0.043), and triglycerides (P=0.002) and inversely correlated with HDL-Ch (P=0.011). In multiple regression results (standard coefficient and p-value), the independent predictors for HRI in NAFLD patients were: HbA1c (0.1443, 0.0004), ALT (0.001142, 0.0081), triglycerides (0.0431, 0.0235) and γ-GT (0.001376, 0.0329).

Three-month administration of PM and choline have beneficial effects on the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism (HDL-Ch), and on LFT. This plant extract significantly reduces the levels of FPG, HbA1c, ALT, AST, γ-GT, triglycerides and increases HDL-Ch. The triglycerides, ALT, γ-GT and HbA1c are positive independent predictors for the severity of NAFLD

As a major pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae is responsible for fatal diseases and is deemed to be a major public health problem in the developing countries. Due to its high mortality rate, rapid detection of pneumococci is necessary in medical centers with limited equipment. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay is a rapid method to detect bacterial pathogens. Herein, the current study developed a LAMP assay based on the choline-binding protein M (cbpM) gene to detect pneumococci isolates.
A set of 4 primers was designed using the sequence of cbpM, and a LAMP assay was conducted using a different ratio of inner primers to outer primers, dNTPs, and MgSO4 concentrations. The sensitivity of assays was calculated according to 30 clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae. The specificity of primers was also evaluated using 7 non-pneumococcal species. The detection limits of the LAMP assay were also compared with those of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using a 10-fold serial dilution of the DNA.
Optimal temperature and time for the LAMP assay were 62°C and 1 hour, respectively. Its detection limit was only 5 copies of DNA, compared to 50 copies for PCR. When LAMP was tested on 7 non-pneumococcal species, no amplification was observed. Similar to PCR, all 30 S. pneumoniae isolates were detected using the LAMP assay, which showed 100% sensitivity.
The LAMP assay is a favorable tool for the rapid detection of pneumococci, and can be employed in medical centers with limited equipment.

Sleep deprivation, weighted road march combined with short term high intensity physical activities are important aspects of army ranger operations, which can lead to inflammation, muscular injury, and physical and shooting performance loss. On the other hand, animal and human studies documented that choline supplement relieves inflammation and improves physical and mental performances. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of choline supplementation on serum creatine kinase and IgA, macular endurance, and shooting accuracy of army rangers following one-day simulated operation.
Twenty army rangers voluntarily participated in this double-blind, placebo controlled quasi-experimental study. The subjects were divided to 2 equal groups and randomly assigned as choline (n = 10, age = 21.2 ± 3.2 years, Vo2max = 37.7 ± 4.9 mL/kg/minute) and placebo (n = 10, age = 21.2 ± 2.2 years, Vo2max = 38.7 ± 6.6 mL/kg/minute) groups. Choline supplement (2 gr choline bitartrate/day) or placebo (a tea spoon of acid citric/day) was administrated one week before the day of simulated operation, which included partial sleep deprivation (22 p.m.-1a.m.), 19.3 km weighted (12 kg) road march, and 4.8 km competitive run test without extra weight. Serum CK and IgA, muscle endurance (upper body, lower body, and abdomen), and shooting accuracy were assessed before and on the day following the simulated operation. The data were analyzed using independent samples T test (subtracting pretest from posttest) and paired samples t test.
There were no significant changes in serum CK and IgA, abdominal muscles endurance and shooting performance in choline and placebo treatments from pre to the post test, while the posttest upper and lower body endurances were significantly (P The results of this study showed that choline supplement does not induce any positive effects on post operation outcomes of inflammation, muscle injury, muscle endurance, and shooting accuracy.

Choline-binding proteins (CBPs) are a group of surface-exposed proteins, which play crucial and physiological roles in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The novel member of CBPs, choline-binding protein M (CbpM) may have binding activity to plasma proteins. This study aimed to clone and express CbpM and demonstrate its interaction with plasma proteins and patients’ sera.
The total length of cbpM gene was cloned in pET21a vector and expressed in BL21 expression host. Verification of recombinant protein was evaluated by Western blot using anti-His tag monoclonal antibody. Binding ability of the recombinant protein to plasma proteins and the interaction with patients’ sera were assessed by Western blot and ELISA methods.
The cbpM gene was successfully cloned into pET21a and expressed in BL21 host. Binding activity to fibronectin and fibrinogen and antibody reaction of CbpM to patients’ sera was demonstrated by Western blot and ELISA methods, respectively.
CbpM is one of the pneumococcal surface-exposed proteins, which mediates pneumococcal binding to fibronectin and fibrinogen proteins.

18F-Choline PET-CT is an increasingly used technique in patients with prostate cancer. The main indication is to localise the disease in patients with biochemical recurrence. To accurately interpret 18F-Choline PET, knowledge of normal tracer distribution is paramount. The aim of this study was to describe the normal distribution pattern of 18F-Choline by measuring the maximum standardized uptake values (SUVs) of various organs. 18F-Choline PET was performed in ten consecutive patients. Approximately 370 MBq of tracer was injected intravenously and a low amperage CT scan was performed for attenuation correction of PET images.Maximum SUVs were calculated on the reconstructed images for various organs. These SUVmax values depend on multiple factors and could be variable depending on the reconstruction CT methods, acquisition time and region of interest (ROI) parameters. Physiologic symmetric increased tracer uptake was noted in the salivary glands and parotid glands. Intense physiological uptake was present in the liver, pancreas, duodenum, stomach, kidneys and urinary bladder and moderate to intense uptake in the sublingual glands, lacrimal glands, nasal mucosa, thyroid gland, tonsils, adrenal glands, large bowel, bone marrow and spleen. Low-grade-to-moderate uptake was present in the choroid plexus, pituitary gland, soft palate, pharynx, left myocardium, lungs, mediastinal blood pool, testicles and muscles. Prostate and prostatic beds were excluded from the volumes of interest. This study is the first one to describe a normal range of SUVmax values for 18F-Choline PET in various organs.

Objective (s): This study aimed to compare the diagnostic values of 11C-choline and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). This prospective study was conducted on 10 patients (6 males and 4 females)، aged 42-69 years، suspected of having CCA based on CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. 11C-choline and 18F-FDG PET/CT studies were performed in all patients over 1 week. PET/CT results were visually analyzed by 2 independent nuclear medicine physicians and quantitatively by calculating the tumor-to-background ratio (T/B). No 11C-choline PET/CT uptake was observed in primary extrahepatic or intrahepatic CCA cases. Intense 18F-FDG avidity was detected in the tumors of 8 patients (%80). Two patients، who were 18F-FDG negative، had primary extrahepatic CCA. Ki-67 measurements were positive in all patients (range; 14. 2%-39. 9%). The average T/B values of 11C choline and 18F-FDG were 0. 4±0. 2 and 2. 0±1. 0 in all cases of primary CCA، respectively; these values were significantly lower for 11C-choline (P 0. 005). Both FDG and 11C-choline PET/CT detected metastatic CCA foci in all 8 patients (two patients had no metastases). As the results suggested، primary CCA lesions showed a poor avidity for 11C-choline، whereas 18F-FDG PET/CT was of value for the detection of most primary CCA cases. In contrast to primary lesions، metastatic CCA lesions showed 11C-choline avidity.

Although magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) has been shown as an effective diagnostic tool in distinguishing inflammation from neoplasm in cystic brain lesions، the optimum approach in selecting the portions of lesions in MRS and the possible effects of different times of echoes (TEs) remains unknown.. Patients and In 16 patients with brain cystic tumors، MRS was performed at TEs of 30، 135 and 270 ms for detection of Choline (Cho)، N-Acetyl Aspartate (NAA) and Creatinine (Cr) metabolites using a 3 tesla MRI unit. The percentage of analyzed ratios greater than a cut-off point of 1. 3 for Cho/Cr and 1. 6 for Cho/NAA were calculated.. Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratio means at all TEs were more at the central area in comparison with the periphery، although none of the differences were statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference among the compared TEs. The percentages of ratios above the cut-off point at all TEs were more in the rim compared to the center and in the union of both compared to the rim or center. All the patients had at least one voxel with a Cho/Cr ratio of more than 1. 3 when the voxel was chosen according to the hotspot shown in the chemical shift imaging map، regardless of their location at all examined TEs.. Selection of voxels with the guide of chemical shift imaging map yields to 100% diagnostic sensitivity. If not accessible، the use of the union of peripheral and central voxels enhances the sensitivity when compared to usage of peripheral or central voxels solely.